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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
VPLIV ZAVIRALCEV RAZGRADNJE GLUKAGONU PODOBNEGA POLIPEPTIDA 1 NA TELESNO MASO IN DELOVANJE BETA-CELIC PRI ŽENSKAH Z DEBELOSTJO IN S SINDROMOM POLICISTIČNIH JAJČNIKOV
Full text linkObesity is highly prevalent in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). It worsens reproductive and metabolic abnormalities of the syndrome, in particular insulin resistance (IR), Weight manegment and decreasing IR with lifestyle modification and metformin are well-addressed targets in this population, yet a conversion rate to prediabetes in obese women with PCOS remains 2-3 times higher when compared to the expected conversion rate of 1%–5% per year in the general obese population.
Unmet goals imply that potential new modifiable risk factors and novel treatment strategies should be addressed in this metabolically high-risk population. Lately, the mounting evidences indicate that impairments of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) axis have an important role in deregulation of appetite and glucose homeostasis. Enhancement of impaired GLP-1 axis by individually tailored strategies should be considered in a subset of women with PCOS with the highest metabolic risk and expected fast conversion rate toward diabetes. In the following doctoral dissetation we focused on the relationship between incrtein axis and metabolic disorders in obese women with PCOS and the potential impact of enhancement of the GLP-1 effect with dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors on body weight and beta-cell function in the subset of women with PCOS with the highest metabolic risk.
The first part of the disseratation consists of the case control study where the post-load GLP-1 response in obese women with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) was compared to post load GLP-1 response in obese women with PCOS and prediabetes. 26 obese women with PCOS phenotype A were included in the study. Thirteen of them had NGT and 13 had prediabetes defined as having impaired fasting glucose (IFG), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) or both. They were matched for BMI and age. Serum glucose, insulin, C-peptide, total GLP-1 and total glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) were sampled during oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Model-derived static and dynamic parameters for the assessment of beta-cell function and IR were determined. All patients underwent measurement of androgen profile and whole-body composition by a Hologic Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometer (DXA).
In the second and third part of the dissertation we considered the potential role of enhancement of endogenous GLP-1 with DPP-4 inhibitor in PCOS population
Firstly we assessed the relevance of the intervention with DPP-4 inhibitors in metformin-intolerant woman with PCOS and high metabolic risk. A 12-week prospective randomized open-label clinical study with 30 obese metformin-intolerant women with PCOS was conducted. After metformin withdrawal, they were randomized to lifestyle intervention and DPP-4 inhibitor sitagliptin (SITA) or lifestyle intervention alone as controls (CON). All participants underwent anthropometric, endocrine measurements and OGTT. Model-derived indexes of IR and beta-cell function were calculated.
Secondly a 12-week prospective randomised open-label study was conducted to evaluate the effect of DPP-4 inhibitor addition to metformin therapy on body weight maintenance after discontinuation of treatment with GLP-1 receptor agonist liraglutide, that has been established as an antiobesity treatment and is often discontinuated in clinical practice due to development of treatment resistence. The study was conducted with 24 obese women with PCOS who had been pretreated with liraglutide 3.0 mg due to anti-obesity management. They were randomized to combined treatment (COMBO) with sitagliptin and metformin or metformin monotherapy (MET). Lifestyle intervention was promoted in both groups. Eating behaviour was assessed by a Slovenian translation of Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ-R18).
In the first part we demonstrated that GLP-1 response to oral glucose load was reduced in obese PCOS with prediabetes, independent of age, BMI and disease phenotype, when compared to obese PCOS with NGT. Values of total GLP-1 at 120 min below 3.0 pM predicted prediabetes. Plasma GLP-1 level at 120 min was negatively correlated with visceral adipose tissue and positively correlated with oral glucose insulin sensitivity index. Furthermore, the correlation between the ΔAUCGLP-1 and the family history of at least one first-degree relative affected with type 2 diabetes (T2D) was confirmed.
It was demonstrated in the second part that enhancement of endogenous GLP-1 effect with DPP-4 inhibitor sitagliptin in metformin-intolerant obese PCOS lead to preservation of beta-cell function and seemed to delay development of impaired glucose homeostasis. In addition to preservation of beta-cell function, treatment with sitagliptin also assisted with maintenance of body weight in particular due to prevention of increasing in visceral adiposity after metformin withdrawal.
Beneficial effect of enhancement of endogenous incretin effect with DPP-4 inhibitor was demonstrated also after cessation of anti-obesity treatment with liraglutide in obese women with PCOS, where DPP-4 inhibitor added to metformin resulted in prevention of weight regain. In addition women treated with DPP-4 inhibitor sitagliptin had greater ability to resist emotional eating when compared to women treated with metformin monotherapy.
Our results indicate that impaired GLP-1 response could be a new separate risk factor for prediabetes in PCOS independent of BMI, age and disease phenotype. We demonstrated that DPP-4 inhibitors are a promising therapy to prevent weight regain after cessation of anti-obesity treatment with GLP-1 analoge liraglutide and also seem to be an alternative treatment in PCOS women with high metabolic risk that have failed with lifestyle intervention and are metformin-intolerantZa sindrom policističnih jajčnikov (PCOS) je značilna visoka prevalenca prekomerne telesne mase, ki poslabšuje izraženost reproduktivnih in presnovnih zapletov PCOS, zlasti inzulinske rezistence (IR). Zmanjševanje telesne mase in IR s spremembo življenjskega sloga in metforminom je za zmanjševanje zapletov PCOS ključnega pomena. Kljub zdravljenju ostaja stopnja razvoja prediabetesa pri debelih ženskah s PCOS 2-3-krat večja v primerjavi s pričakovano 1% -5% letno stopnjo konverzije v splošni populaciji ljudi s prekomerno telesno maso, kar kaže na to, da je v populaciji debelih žensk s PCOS potrebno vpeljati nove strategije zdravljenja s targetiranjem potencialnih novih dejavnikov tveganja.
Izsledki dosedanjih raziskav kažejo, da ima oslabljen odgovor hormonske osi glukagonu-podobnega peptida 1 (GLP-1) pomembno vlogo pri deregulaciji apetita in glukozne homeostaze. Ojačenje oslabljene GLP-1 osi bi morda lahko predstavljalo individualno prilagojeno alternativno farmakološko strategijo v podskupini žensk s PCOS z visokim presnovnim tveganjem in pričakovanim hitrim razvojem prediabetesa.
V doktorski disertaciji smo se osredotočili na potencialno vlogo oslabljenega odgovora inkretinske hormonske osi pri presnovnih zapletih debelih bolnic s PCOS in na vpliv z zaviralci dipeptidil peptidaze-4 (DPP-4) povečanega učinka GLP-1 na telesno maso in beta-celično funkcijo pri podskupini žensk s PCOS in visokim presnovnim tveganjem.
V prvem delu disertacije smo v presečni študiji primerjali odziv GLP-1 po oralnem glukozno tolerančnem testu (OGTT) pri debelih PCOS z normalno toleranco za glukozo (NGT) in debelih PCOS s prediabetesom. V raziskavo smo vključili 26 debelih žensk s PCOS fenotipa A. Trinajst od njih je imelo NGT, 13 pa jih je imelo prediabetes, ki je bil opredeljen kot motena bazalna glikemija, moteno tolerance za glukozo, ali oboje. Preiskovanke se niso razlikovale v indeksu telesne mase (ITM) in starosti. Vse preiskovanke so opravile OGTT, med katerim so bili odvzeti vzorci krvi za določitev serumske glukoze, C-peptida, inzulina, celokupnega GLP-1 in celokupnega od glukoze odvisnega insulinotropnega polipeptida (GIP). Za oceno beta-celične funkcije in IR smo uporabili statične in dinamične modelne indekse. Vse preiskovanke so opravile merjenje sestave celega telesa s pomočjo rentgenskega absorptiometra Hologic Dual Energy (DXA).
V drugem in tretjem delu disertacije smo preučili potencialno vlogo z DPP-4 zaviralci podaljšanega endogenega GLP-1 učinka v populaciji PCOS.
Najprej smo ocenili smiselnost zdravljenja z DPP-4 zaviralci pri metabolno visoko ogroženih ženskah s PCOS, ki ne prenašajo metformina. V 12-tedensko prospektivno randomizirano odprto raziskavo smo vključili 30 preiskovank s PCOS in debelostjo, ki ne prenašajo metformina. Po prekinitvi terapije z metforminom, so bile randomizirane v skupino, ki je poleg promocije zdravega življenjskega sloga prejemala DPP-4 zaviralec sitagliptin (SITA), in kontrolno skupino (CON), ki je bila deležna promocije zdravega življenjskega sloga. Pri vseh preiskovankah smo opravili antropometrične in endokrinološke meritve ter OGTT. IR in beta-celično funkcijo smo izračunali na podlagi statičnih modelnih indeksov.
V nadaljevanju smo z 12-tedensko randomizirano odprto klinično raziskavo želeli proučiti učinkovitost kombiniranega zdravljenja z DPP-4 zaviralcem in metforminom pri vzdrževanju telesne mase po zaključeni terapiji z agonistom GLP-1 receptorja liraglutidom. Uporaba liraglutida je ustaljena terapija za zdravljenje debelosti, vendar je v klinični praksi zdravljenje z liraglutidom po določenem času pogosto prekinjeno zaradi razvoja odpornosti na zdravljenje oziroma pojava neučinkovitosti pri redukciji telesne mase. V raziskavo smo vključili 24 preiskovank s PCOS in debelostjo, ki so bile predhodno zaradi debelosti zdravljene z liraglutidom 3mg/dan. Po ukinitvi liraglutida so bile randomizirane v skupino, ki je prejemala kombinirano terapijo s sitagliptinom in metforminom (COMBO skupina) in skupino, ki je prejemala monoterapijo z metforminom (MET skupina). V obeh skupinah je bil promoviran zdrav življenjski slog. Po randomizaciji in na koncu študije so vse udeleženke opravile standardne antropometrične in endokrine meritve. S slovenskim prevodom trifaktorskega vprašalnika (TFEQ-R18) je bil ocenjen vedenjski vzorec prehranjevalnih navad
V prvem delu smo ugotovili, da je v primerjavi z bolnicami s PCOS in NGT, pri bolnicah s PCOS, ki imajo prediabetes inkretinski odgovor pomembno znižan in je neodvisen od ITMstarosti in fenotipa bolezni. Vrednosti GLP-1 po obremenitvi z glukozo pod 3,0 pM so značilne za prediabetes. Vrednost GLP-1 v 120 min OGTT je bila negativno povezana s količino visceralnega maščobnega tkiva ter pozitivno z oralnim indeksom občutljivosti glukoze na insulin. Potrjena je bila tudi negativna povezava med razliko v odgovoru GLP-1 na glukozno obremenitev in družinsko anamnezo vsaj enega prvostopenjskega sorodnika s SB2.
V drugem delu smo s podaljšanjem endogenega učinka endogenega GLP-1, ki smo ga dosegli z zaviralcem DPP-4 sitagliptinom pri debelih ženskah s PCOS, ki ne prenašajo metformina, dosegli ohranitev beta-celične funkcije in zdi se, da tudi upočasnitev razvoja motene glukozne homeostaze. Poleg ohranitve beta-celične funkcije je intervencija s sitagliptinom po ukinitvi metformina pripomogla pri vzdrževanju telesne mase, zlasti pri preprečevanju povečanja visceralne maščobe.
Ugoden učinek podaljšanega endogenega inkretinskega učinka, ki smo ga dosegli z zaviralcem DPP-4 smo prikazali tudi pri intervenciji z zaviralcem DPP-4 po ukinitvi zdravljenja debelosti z liraglutidom pri debelih ženskah s PCOS, kjer smo ob kombinirani terapiji z zaviralcem DPP-4 in metforminom dosegli učinkovitejše preprečevanje ponovnega porasta telesne mase, hkrati je bila dokazana tudi večja sposobnost upiranja čustvenemu prehranjevanju.
Naši rezultati nakazujejo da bi lahko oslabljen GLP-1 odziva predstavljal nov samostojen dejavnik tveganja za razvoj prediabetesa pri ženskah s PCOS, neodvisen od BMI, starosti in fenotipa bolezni. Prikazali smo, da zaviralci DPP-4 predstavljajo obetavno zdravljenje za preprečevanje ponovnega pridobivanja telesne mase po prenehanju zdravljenja debelosti z analogom GLP-1 receptorja liraglutidom. Glede na izsledke disertacije se zdi, da so zaviralci DPP-4 smiselno alternativno zdravljenje pri ženskah s PCOS in visokim presnovnim tveganjem, ki ne prenašajo metformina
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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