1,720,956 research outputs found
Equivalent: Microbial causative agents and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns in chronic rhinosinusitis – impact on antibiotic prophylaxis and treatment
No full textKronični rinosinuitis (KRS) je iscrpljujuće stanje koje čini upala nosne sluznice i sluznice paranazalnih sinusa, a zahtjeva konzervativnu i, ponekad, kiruršku terapiju. Funkcionalna endoskopska operacija sinusa je kirurška procedura koja se primjenjuje za KRS. Tijekom takve procedure može se vršiti i druga dodatna dijagnostika. Prije samog zahvata provodi se preoperativna antibiotska profilaksa. U tom slučaju, empirijski aplicirana antibiotska terapija treba pokrivati najčešće mikrobne uzročnike za navedeno stanje.
Cilj ove studije bio je identificirati mikrobne uzročnike izolirane iz sino-nazalnih šupljina kod pacijenata koji su bili podvrgnuti endoskopskoj operaciji sinusa te im odrediti bakterijsku osjetljivost kako bi se dobiveni podaci mogli potom usporediti s trenutno važećim smjernicama za antibiotsko liječenje i perioperativnu antibiotsku profilaksu. Provedeno je retrospektivno kohortno istraživanje na 456 uzoraka prikupljenih od 2016. do 2019. godine u sklopu Klinike za otorinolaringologiju i kirurgije glave i vrata i Zavoda za mikrobiologiju, parazitologiju i hospitalne infekcije na Kliničkoj bolnici Sestara milosrdnica u Zagrebu.
Najčešće izolirani patogeni bili su Peptostreptococcus spp., Propionibacterium spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas spp., Fusobacterium spp. i Haemophilus influenzae. Prema dobivenim antibiogramima može se zaključiti da je empirijska terapija amoksicilin-klavulanskom kiselinom za ove uzročnike zadovoljavajuća. Međutim, primjena metronidazola empirijski ili za preoperativnu kiruršku profilaksu se ne preporučuje zbog visokog udjela rezistencije na navedeni antibiotik unutar skupine anaerobnih bakterija.Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is debilitating condition comprising inflammation of the mucosa of the nasal and paranasal sinuses, requiring conservative and often surgical treatment. Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) is a CRS treatment during which a microbiological diagnostic procedure may be conducted. Preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis is administrated before FESS. When indicated, the administered empiric antibiotic therapy must cover most common causing microbial agents. The aims of this study were to identify microbial pathogens isolated from sinonasal cavities in patients undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery, to determine bacterial antibiotic susceptibility patterns and compare them with guidelines for treatment and perioperative prophylactic use of antimicrobial agents. A retrospective cohort study on 456 samples collected between 2016 and 2019 was conducted at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and the Department of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hospital Infections in the Clinical University Centre Sestre milordnice, Zagreb. The most common isolated pathogens were Peptostreptococcus spp., Propionibacterium spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas spp., Fusobacterium spp. and Haemophilus influenzae. According to antibiotic susceptibility patterns, empiric antibiotic treatment with amoxicillin-clavulanic acid was appropriate. Due to high rates of antibiotic resistance of anaerobic bacterial isolates to metronidazole, it cannot be recommended in empirical antibiotic treatment or preoperative surgical antibiotic prophylaxis
Equivalent: Microbial causative agents and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns in chronic rhinosinusitis – impact on antibiotic prophylaxis and treatment
No full textKronični rinosinuitis (KRS) je iscrpljujuće stanje koje čini upala nosne sluznice i sluznice paranazalnih sinusa, a zahtjeva konzervativnu i, ponekad, kiruršku terapiju. Funkcionalna endoskopska operacija sinusa je kirurška procedura koja se primjenjuje za KRS. Tijekom takve procedure može se vršiti i druga dodatna dijagnostika. Prije samog zahvata provodi se preoperativna antibiotska profilaksa. U tom slučaju, empirijski aplicirana antibiotska terapija treba pokrivati najčešće mikrobne uzročnike za navedeno stanje.
Cilj ove studije bio je identificirati mikrobne uzročnike izolirane iz sino-nazalnih šupljina kod pacijenata koji su bili podvrgnuti endoskopskoj operaciji sinusa te im odrediti bakterijsku osjetljivost kako bi se dobiveni podaci mogli potom usporediti s trenutno važećim smjernicama za antibiotsko liječenje i perioperativnu antibiotsku profilaksu. Provedeno je retrospektivno kohortno istraživanje na 456 uzoraka prikupljenih od 2016. do 2019. godine u sklopu Klinike za otorinolaringologiju i kirurgije glave i vrata i Zavoda za mikrobiologiju, parazitologiju i hospitalne infekcije na Kliničkoj bolnici Sestara milosrdnica u Zagrebu.
Najčešće izolirani patogeni bili su Peptostreptococcus spp., Propionibacterium spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas spp., Fusobacterium spp. i Haemophilus influenzae. Prema dobivenim antibiogramima može se zaključiti da je empirijska terapija amoksicilin-klavulanskom kiselinom za ove uzročnike zadovoljavajuća. Međutim, primjena metronidazola empirijski ili za preoperativnu kiruršku profilaksu se ne preporučuje zbog visokog udjela rezistencije na navedeni antibiotik unutar skupine anaerobnih bakterija.Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is debilitating condition comprising inflammation of the mucosa of the nasal and paranasal sinuses, requiring conservative and often surgical treatment. Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) is a CRS treatment during which a microbiological diagnostic procedure may be conducted. Preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis is administrated before FESS. When indicated, the administered empiric antibiotic therapy must cover most common causing microbial agents. The aims of this study were to identify microbial pathogens isolated from sinonasal cavities in patients undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery, to determine bacterial antibiotic susceptibility patterns and compare them with guidelines for treatment and perioperative prophylactic use of antimicrobial agents. A retrospective cohort study on 456 samples collected between 2016 and 2019 was conducted at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and the Department of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hospital Infections in the Clinical University Centre Sestre milordnice, Zagreb. The most common isolated pathogens were Peptostreptococcus spp., Propionibacterium spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas spp., Fusobacterium spp. and Haemophilus influenzae. According to antibiotic susceptibility patterns, empiric antibiotic treatment with amoxicillin-clavulanic acid was appropriate. Due to high rates of antibiotic resistance of anaerobic bacterial isolates to metronidazole, it cannot be recommended in empirical antibiotic treatment or preoperative surgical antibiotic prophylaxis
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Surgical management of paranasal sinus inflammations and associated complications
Get PDFRinosinuitis (RS) kombinirana je upalna bolest sluznice nosa i paranazalnih sinusa. Uzrok upale može biti različita porijekla, uključujući, vrlo često, bakterijske uzročnike. Prema trajanju bolesti postoje 2 oblika bolesti: akutni (ARS) i kronični (KRS) rinosinuitis. Oba oblika bolesti u početku se liječe konzervativno, a kirurški je pristup uglavnom predviđen za kronični rinosinuitis i/ili komplikacije, kada konzervativno liječenje nije dovoljno. Cilj kirurškog liječenja je ponovna uspostava normalne drenaže i aeracije sinusa te rješavanje ili prevencija razvoja komplikacija. Za vrijeme kirurškog zahvata uzima se bris sinusa s ciljem dokazivanja infektivnog uzročnika i antibiograma. Prije i nakon operacije, pacijent prima empirijsku antibiotsku terapiju, pa antibiogram služi korekciji antibiotske terapije. Cilj ovog rada bio je prikazati najčešće indikacije za kirurško liječenje upala sinusa i njihovih komplikacija te istražiti najčešće bakterijske uzročnike i njihovu osjetljivost na antibiotike. Uvidom u provedene operacije upala paranazalnih sinusa tokom godine dana Klinike za otorinolaringologiju i kirurgiju glave i vrata KBC-a „Sestre milosrdnice“, nađeno je da se oko 10 % operacija paranazalnih sinusa provodi radi liječenja komplikacija upalnih bolesti sinusa. Istraživanje osjetljivosti je obuhvatilo 114 pacijenata koji su bili podvrgnuti ESS-u tokom 2016. god. zbog KRS-a i/ili komplikacija KRS-a. Tada im je uzet bris zahvaćenog sinusa koji je potom mikrobiološki testiran. Izolirano je ukupno 25 različitih mikrobioloških vrsta u 175 izolata. Gotovo 10 % briseva bilo je sterilno. Najčešći izolirani patogeni bili su Peptostreptococcus spp., Propionibacterium spp., Staphylococcus aureus., Pseudomonas spp., Fusobacterium spp. i Haemophilus influenzae. Prema rezultatima antibiograma najčešćih izolata, može se zaključiti da je trenutno liječenje amoksicilinom i klavulanskom kiselinom dovoljno za zbrinjavanje većine najčešćih bakterijskih infekcija paranazalnih sinusa. S obzirom na rastući problem bakterijske rezistencije općenito, važno je savjesno koristiti antibiotike i budno pratiti dinamiku promjene rezistencija, kako ostalih, tako i ovih uzročnika.Rhinosinusitis (RS) is a combined inflammation of nasal mucosa and paranasal sinuses. It can be divided into acute (ARS) and chronic (CRS) according to duration. Both forms of the disease are initially treated conservatively and the surgical approach is used primarily to treat chronic rhinosinusitis and / or complications, when conservative treatment is not enough. The aim of surgical treatment is to reestablish normal drainage and sinus aeration and to prevent and deal with complications. During the surgical procedure a nasal smear is taken to determine the infectious agent and to provide an antibiogram. The patient receives empirical antibiotic therapy both before and after surgery, so the antibiogram serves to adjust it properly. The aim of this paper was to show the most common indications for surgical treatment of inflammation of the sinuses and their complications and to investigate the most common bacterial pathogens and their susceptibility to antibiotics. By examining the performed operations of paranasal sinus inflammation during a period of one year at the Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery Clinic of the Sisters of Charity Hospital in Zagreb, it was found that about 10% of paranasal sinus surgeries were performed to treat complications of inflammatory diseases of sinuses. The sensitivity study included 114 patients who had been subjected to ESS during 2016 due to CRS and / or CRS complications. Nasal smears of the affected sinuses were taken and then microbiologically tested. A total of 25 different microbiological species in 175 isolates were found. Almost 10% of smears were sterile. The most common among the isolated pathogens were: Peptostreptococcus spp., Propionibacterium spp., Staphylococcus aureus., Pseudomonas spp., Fusobacterium spp. and Haemophilus influenzae. According to the results of antibiograms of the most common isolates, it can be concluded that treatment with amoxicillin and clavulanic acid is currently sufficient to treat the majority of the most common bacterial infections of paranasal sinuses. Given the growing problem of bacterial resistance in general, it is important to use antibiotics cautiously and to monitor the dynamics of ever-changing resistances, with these as well as the other agents
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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