1,720,959 research outputs found
Trends in Global and National Grain Legume Production and Trade: Implications on Local Chickpea and Lentil production Dynamics: The Case of Gimbichu and Minjar-Shenkora Districts of Ethiopia
No full textThe purpose of this study was to examine the major drivers of change shaping the current lentil and chickpea production dynamics and identify and prioritize researchable areas for further in-depth study in the future.
The specific objectives are to:
- Examine trends in lentil and chickpea productionand trade and its significance from global perspectives;
- characterize and describe the dynamics of lentil and chickpea production system;
- identify key drivers of change impacting the current lentil and chickpea production dynamics; and
- identify the major opportunities for and constraints to the production and marketing of lentil and chickpe
Assessing the Competitiveness of Smallholders Chickpea Production in the Central Highlands of Ethiopia
No full textChickpea is an important food legume in Ethiopia which provides sources of livelihood for millions of smallholder farmers. Currently, it has become an important high value crop that promotes commercialization. This study attempted to assess the competitiveness of smallholders’ chickpea production in the central highlands of Ethiopia. To this end, the domestic resource cost coefficient (DRC) analysis was employed using farm household surveys, price and trade data. Current evidences showed that there has been a significant upswing in the trends of local chickpea prices both in nominal and real terms since the last eight years. As a result, chickpea has become an important cash crop in high potential major chickpea growing areas where farmers dispose the largest proportion of their chickpea production (82%) for marketing purpose.One of the major challenges of Ethiopian chickpea export is related to the bulk of the chickpea trade (84%) being absorbed by the local markets. Moreover, the current Ethiopia’s export market share has remained at 4% while the largest proportion (94%) is destined to low value export markets. Despite all those limitations, Ethiopian chickpea exportis highly competitive in major export markets as evidenced by the DRC value which was found to be 0.20. Therefore, the competitiveness of Ethiopian chickpea in high value markets could be improved by focusing on quality, volume, and supply continuity
Impact Assessment of Chickpea Research and Development in Ethiopia
No full textThe climatic conditions in Ethiopia make it very suitable for growing chickpeas. Chickpea is widely grown across the highlands and semi-arid regions of Ethiopia and serves as a multi-purpose crop. The country is also considered as the secondary centre of diversity for chickpea. It has a major role in the daily diet of the rural community and parts of urban population. The crop is being exported to Asian countries and is contributing positively to the country’s foreign exchange earnings. Currently, chickpea is cultivated in four regions of the country, Amhara, Oromia, Southern Nations, Nationalities and People’s Region (SNNPR) and Tigray. Amhara and Oromia regions together produce 93% of total chickpea production in Ethiopia while SNNPR and Tigray produce 3.5% and 3%, respectively. In future, chickpea can also be grown in other regions such as Benshngule, Somali, Afar and Harar. Thus, the area coverage and the importance of the crop in the country are expected to increase in the future
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Significance and prospects of an orphan crop tef
Full text linkTef is a resilient crop from the Horn of Africa with significant importance in food and nutrition security, and currently gaining global popularity as health and performance food.
Tef [Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter] is the most important cereal of Ethiopia in terms of production, consumption and cash crop value. In Ethiopia, tef is annually grown on about 3 million ha with total grain production of over 5 million tons. As such, it accounts for about 30% of the total cultivated area and one-fifth of the gross grain production of all cereals cultivated in the country. In spite of its supreme economic and agricultural significance in Ethiopia, its productivity is relatively low with national average yield of about 1.7 t/ha. This has primarily been due to the very little scientific improvement done on the crop. Tef has still been an “orphan crop” since it is globally a very much under-researched crop owing to its localized importance. Scientific research on tef in Ethiopia began in the late 1950s. The main objective of this paper is to provide an overview of the significance and major production constraints of tef, and the major achievements made to date in various tef research aspects including breeding, agronomy, crop protection, and agricultural economics and extension. Based on these reviews, the paper eventually concludes with remarks on the way forward by emphasizing on the identification of the major gaps and the improvement efforts required for realizing the ever-needed breakthrough in the productivity and production of the crop. The major focal areas of future efforts include increasing productivity of both grain and biomass, systematic conservation and mining of the genetic resources, tackling the lodging malady, mechanization of the crop’s husbandry, understanding the overall physiology of the crop especially with respect to stress tolerance, unraveling the nutritional qualities, and development of recipes and value-added products
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Adoption and impacts of improved chickpea on productivity and food security in Ethiopia
No full textThis report analyzed the impact of improved chickpea adoption on productivity and food
security in rural Ethiopia? We estimate the effect of improved chickpea adoption on
productivity with instrumental variable regression. We rely on Negative Binomial regression
to analyse the impact of adopting improved chickpea on food and nutrition security. We found
that chickpea adoption significantly increases chickpea productivity in Ethiopia. In addition,
crop chemicals and hired labour had a positive and significant effect on productivity.
Government can therefore initially introduce input subsidies for chickpea farmers since the
new improved seeds are associated with higher input use compared to the traditional varieties
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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