1,720,959 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Sport-santé sur ordonnance à Strasbourg : l’expérience des médecins prescripteurs
No full textMédecine GénéraleRésumé : malgré l’émergence récente d’un cadre juridique en France, la prescription sur ordonnance d’activité physique par les médecins pour les patients en ALD rencontre encore des difficultés d’application. L’expérimentation « Sport-santé sur ordonnance » conduite à Strasbourg depuis 2012, permet un recul intéressant sur un dispositif local pérenne et en constante évolution. L’objectif de ce travail était de recueillir l’expérience des médecins généralistes prescripteurs en s’attachant à comprendre leurs motivations, facilitations, difficultés et freins à l’utilisation du dispositif. Une étude qualitative par entretiens individuels semi-dirigés a été réalisée auprès de quinze médecins généralistes prescripteurs du dispositif. Les médecins ont plébiscité la gratuité initiale de l’accès au dispositif, frein principal à la pratique d’activité physique par les patients les plus précaires et donc souvent les plus vulnérables sur le plan médical. Le cadre organisationnel avec l’encadrement par des professionnels de l’activité physique formés et le suivi régulier des bénéficiaires a été décrit comme facteur favorisation la motivation, l’éducation et l’assiduité des patients. Le manque de temps en consultation était le frein dominant à la prescription plus fréquente de « Sport-santé » par les médecins. Concernant les patients, le manque de motivation ou de temps, la honte de soi, les préjugés sur l’activité physique, les délais de rendez-vous d’inclusion, l’indisponibilité de certaines activités, l’absence de proximité de certains services et la participation financière demandée après la première année ont été identifiés comme facteurs de résistance à l’utilisation du dispositif. L’expérience du dispositif par les médecins prescripteurs était globalement positive. Les freins et difficultés qui ont été relevés permettront d’envisager des pistes d’amélioration dans la limite des moyens financiers et organisationnels disponibles actuellement.Summary : the experiment "Sport-santé sur ordonnance" conducted in Strasbourg since 2012 allows an interesting view on a sustainable and constantly evolving local program. The aim of this work was to gather the experience of prescribing GPs by understanding their motivations, facilitations, difficulties and obstacles to the use of the program. A qualitative study based on semi-directed individual interviews was conducted with fifteen GPs prescribing the device. Doctors gave overwhelming support to the initial free access to the program which was identified as the main obstacle to the practice of physical activity by the most precarious patients who are often the most vulnerable on the medical side. The organizational framework with coaching by trained physical activity professionals and regular follow-up of beneficiaries was described as a favoring factor for motivation, education and patient attendance. The lack of time in consultations was the main obstacle to more frequent prescriptions of "Sport-santé" by doctors. Regarding patients: lack of motivation or time, shame, prejudices about physical activity, late appointments for inclusion, unavailability of some activities, lack of proximity to the services and the financial contribution requested after the first year were identified as factors of resistance to the use of the program. The obstacles and difficulties that have been identified will, for sure, lead to improvements in the limits of the financial and organizational resources currently available
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Conseils donnés sur la pratique d’activité physique adaptée à la grossesse par les médecins généralistes de Strasbourg : Sport santé sur ordonnance chez les femmes enceintes ?
No full textMédecine généraleIntroduction : la sédentarité, véritable fléau des temps modernes et problème de santé publique, s'accroit pendant la grossesse, avec ses conséquences maternelles et foetales. Cependant, les bénéfices reconnus d'une activité physique et sportive adaptée sont nombreux et les risques faibles. Peu de femmes enceintes reçoivent des informations à ce sujet de la part des professionnels de santé, les décourageant à se mouvoir. L'étude a cherché à connaitre l'opinion des médecins généralistes de Strasbourg à ce sujet et les conseils donnés aux femmes enceintes. Le dispositif sport santé sur ordonnance ayant vu le jour à Strasbourg en 2012, pour les patients qui ont des pathologies chroniques, est une véritable arme préventive et thérapeutique. Que penseraient les médecins de son ouverture potentielle chez les femmes enceintes ? Méthode : une étude qualitative par analyse inductive générale a été menée, par entretiens individuels semi-dirigés, avec l'aide d'un guide d'entretien, auprès de neuf médecins généralistes de Strasbourg, de novembre à décembre 2019. Résultats : même si ce sujet est peu abordé par les médecins interrogés et les femmes vues en consultation, du fait d'autres préoccupations plus centrales et le manque de temps majoritairement, l'opinion sur l'activité physique et sportive adaptée est globalement favorable malgré quelques réticences par craintes de complications. De nombreux freins empêcheraient les femmes enceintes de se mouvoir. La société tendrait à les surprotéger rendant l'activité physique et sportive taboue et culpabilisatrice. Du côté des femmes, la crainte de nuire, la condition féminine subie de par les difficultés socio-économiques, un travail physique ou l'absence de culture d'une activité physique et sportive, limiteraient tout engouement. Les médecins disent manquer de connaissances à ce sujet et souhaiteraient les améliorer par des formations appropriées afin de combattre les idées reçues des patientes véhiculées par internet notamment. Le sport santé sur ordonnance est un outil apprécié et utilisé par les médecins généralistes de Strasbourg dont sa mise en place chez les femmes enceintes serait bien accueillie. Il permettrait aux femmes enceintes sédentaires, insécures, culturellement éloignées et/ou démunies d'aider à initier une activité physique et sportive adaptée, de maintenir une vie saine après la grossesse, tout en adressant à des professionnels formés. Certains souhaiteraient reprendre le dispositif préexistant et d'autres créer une branche spéciale femme enceinte. La gratuité, une consultation dédiée avec un certificat d'inclusion adapté pour le recrutement, un délai d'inclusion raccourci et une validation spécialisée seraient primordiales. Certains avis défavorables ont été relevés : le risque de désautonomisation, le coût financier conséquent, l'absence de problème de santé publique où les simples conseils suffiraient. Conclusion : le sport santé sur ordonnance pourrait être une véritable arme préventive et thérapeutique afin de combattre la sédentarité des femmes enceintes et en post-partum. Un certificat d'inclusion tel que le questionnaire X-AAP de la Société Canadienne de Physiologie de l'Exercice pourrait être utilisé. Des gymnases dédiés au sport santé prévention pourraient être des lieux adaptés aux femmes enceintes, de même que des espaces dédiés au sein des bains municipaux en cours de rénovation. Même si toutes les femmes enceintes ne pourraient pas ou ne voudraient pas y participer, il est important de favoriser une activité physique et sportive adaptée, ne serait-ce que par l'intermédiaire de supports (prospectus, affiches, liens internet adaptés) pour le bien-être physique, psychique, l'épanouissement de la femme enceinte et la bonne santé de l'enfant à venir.Introduction: Sedentary lifestyle, a real scourge of modern times and a public health problem, increases during pregnancy, with its maternal and fetal consequences. However, the recognized benefits of an adapted physical and sporting activity are numerous and the risks low. Few pregnant women receive information on this subject from health professionals, discouraging them from moving. The study sought to know the opinion of general practitioners in Strasbourg on this subject and the advice given to pregnant women. The sports health prescription device that was introduced in Strasbourg in 2012, for patients with chronic pathologies, is a real preventive and therapeutic weapon. What would doctors think of its potential opening in pregnant women? Method: A qualitative study by general inductive analysis was carried out, by semi-structured individual interviews, with the help of an interview guide, with nine general practitioners in Strasbourg, from November to December 2019. Results: Even if this subject is little discussed by the doctors questioned and the women seen in consultation, due to other more central concerns and the lack of time in the majority, the opinion on adapted physical and sporting activity is generally favorable despite some reluctance for fear of complications. Many brakes would prevent pregnant women from moving. Society tends to overprotect them, making physical and sporting activity taboo and making them feel guilty. As for women, the fear of harm, the condition of women suffered by socio-economic difficulties, physical work or the lack of culture of physical activity and sport, would limit any enthusiasm. Doctors say they lack knowledge on this subject and would like to improve it through appropriate training in order to combat the preconceived ideas of patients conveyed by the Internet in particular. Prescription health sport is a tool that is appreciated and used by general practitioners in Strasbourg, and its implementation in pregnant women would be welcome. It would allow sedentary, insecure, culturally distant and / or deprived pregnant women to help initiate appropriate physical and sporting activity, to maintain a healthy life after pregnancy, while referring to trained professionals. Some would like to take over the pre-existing device and others would like to create a special pregnant woman branch. Free admission, a dedicated consultation with an inclusion certificate adapted for recruitment, a shortened inclusion period and specialized validation would be essential. Some unfavorable opinions were noted: the risk of dis-empowerment, the consequent financial cost, the absence of public health problem where simple advice would suffice. Conclusion: Prescription health sport could be a real preventive and therapeutic weapon in order to combat sedentary lifestyle in pregnant and post-partum women. A certificate of inclusion such as the X-AAP questionnaire from the Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology could be used. Gyms dedicated to sport, health and prevention could be suitable places for pregnant women, as well as dedicated spaces within municipal baths undergoing renovation. Even if not all pregnant women could or would not want to participate, it is important to promote adapted physical and sporting activity, if only through the intermediary of supports (flyers, posters, adapted internet links) for the physical and mental well-being, the development of the pregnant woman and the good health of the unborn child
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