1,721,004 research outputs found
Una ékphrasis digitale
No full textLa sfida non è sul solo terreno dei contenuti, nel
quale la ricerca è in netto vantaggio sulla divulgazione corrente;
ma anche, e soprattutto, sul terreno comunicativo: si
tratta di affinare una ’έκφρασις digitale, ossia una narrazione
multimediale che sia capace d’unire l’intelligenza dei contenuti
all’intrattenimento e alla facilità di comprensione che
sono propri dei media di massa. L’obiettivo è che l’indefinito
“pubblico” si trasformi in una comunità di cittadini in grado
di comprendere i significati quanto meno basilari di un
oggetto culturale. Conoscere un oggetto è la premessa necessaria
per il riconoscimento del suo valore in quanto “bene”,
anche in senso economico: un bene dunque pregiato e di
tutti, che merita di essere curato, valorizzato, protetto dal
Sacconi di turno
La basilica della Santa Casa di Loreto
No full textLa basilica della Santa Casa di Loreto è il risultato d’un processo
ideativo e materiale complesso. Dalla prima fase costruttiva
quattrocentesca, culminata nell’erezione della cupola,
alla pervasiva rimodellazione degli interni, committenti e
architetti hanno dovuto confrontarsi con i caratteri religiosi
del santuario e con le devozioni che in concreto vi si praticavano,
usando gli strumenti ideativi realmente disponibili,
decennio per decennio, nell’area culturale lauretana. La comprensione
storica dell’opera deve perciò confrontarsi con una
letteratura generale consolidata e ricchissima, non sempre
acquisita negli studi architettonici. Quanto segue cercherà
di riordinare le attuali conoscenze su basi il più possibile oggettive,
selezionando le fonti in grado di restituire i principali
passaggi che hanno portato alla costruzione del più singolare
organismo architettonico del Rinascimento italian
Riforma protestante e riforma dell’architettura religiosa
No full textEffetti architettonici della riforma liturgica evangelica e riformata sugli edifici di culto nei secc. XVI-XVIIIarchitectural effects on religious buildings of the lutheran and calvinist lithurgical reformations in XVI-XVIII centurie
Vaults and domes: statics as an art
No full textEarly modern architecture has often been regarded as a composition of simple volumes coordinated by the mathematical proportions of the ancient classical orders. There is yet a third prominent feature besides geometry and orders to consider, the vaulted structures. Thus the volumes of architecture are not incorporeal as those painted by the perspective artists, but are shaped by walls, vaults and domes.
Form and statics were questions that Renaissance and Baroque architects could not even separate, firstly for physical reasons: in an unreinforced masonry building, a formal choice has always static consequences on the arrangement of the structural bodies; and, vice versa, the adoption of a static device conditions the layout and appearance of spaces. Static invention always contained a formal component, and the architect’s main task was the tridimensional configuration of geometric volumes and structural walls; or – in other words – the setting of equilibrated masonry bodies that gave shape to the architectural spaces. This act was purely intellectual, not only technical or practical, and preceded any other choice about the building techniques, site management, or materials.
Nevertheless, the scholarly literature usually separates structural from artistic genius and the study of construction knowledge has been approached mostly either by the fields of structural engineering or the history of building technique, and sometimes by the history of science. Recently studies in the latter have been trying to argue that the Renaissance major achievements were linked to the development of modern science and philosophy. Although fascinating, this idea may be misleading: I wish to show that early modern builders possessed knowledge of statics of their own, entirely different from either ours or that of Galileo, and that it must be examinated iuxta propria principia, that is according to the actual horizons of thought in which it had been developing. In short, we need to reconstruct what Michel Foucault defined as an “épistème,” a system of knowledge that allows, within a particular epoch and culture, to develop only some concepts and not others.
Early modern invention, in the domain of statics, followed a proper set of rules grounded on the basic principle inherited from antiquity and the Middle Ages: the imitation of Nature and its divine laws established by the Creator. The first means of Renaissance and Baroque statics were of course the mathematical arts, but the early modern men had a completely different idea from ours of those disciplines: rather than sciences, geometry and arithmetic were conceived of as operative skills, reduced to a set of simple empirical prescriptions in which the visual aspect always prevailed over mathematical demonstrations. Geometry, arithmetic, the principle of authority, and intuitive observation of the behaviour of natural or man-made structures, were joined together into a body of knowledge that grounded formal-static invention. Nontheless, being the masters unable to separate statics from dynamics, the strengths were considered kinematic mechanisms, so that every structure was conceived as a dynamic equilibrium of small movements within the masonry that had to be prevented and opposed. The terms used to explain structural behavior at the time are quite meaningful: “the arch never sleeps” said the Arabs, while according to the Italian masters the “violenza delle volte” (the violent thrust of vaults) generates some “motivi” (small movements), which should be firmly stopped by the “contrasti” (oppositions, restraints), in order to make the structure “stare ferma” (stand still)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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