1,721,000 research outputs found
A systematic review of the global freshwater mussel restoration toolbox
No full textData for Eveleens, Roland A. & Febria, Catherine M. (2021) Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems. A systematic review of the global freshwater mussel restoration toolbo
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
The Characterization of Riparian Vegetation in Agriculture Drains Impacted by Phragmites australis and Drain Management: A Southwestern Ontario, Canada Case Study
Full text linkAgricultural drainage systems are important components of regional ecosystems and play key roles in ecosystem functioning. Biodiversity is a service provided by drains which is not fully understood in agriculturally dominated areas and is disrupted consistently by drain management, specifically in drains invaded by Phragmites australis. The objective of this thesis was to characterize the contribution of regional vegetational biodiversity provided by drainage systems, across sites representing a gradient of management frequencies. Drains were separated into management categories: Low (managed +5 years ago), Medium (managed every 3-5 years), or High (managed yearly). Plant abundance was measured and biodiversity indices (Species Richness, Simpson’s, and Shannon-Wiener) were compared across the management gradient. In total, 133 distinct plant species were reported across spring and late-summer growing season surveys. Plant identifications were confirmed by local experts using a structured expert elicitation protocol. A number of environmental variables were visualized using non-metric multi-dimensional scaling (NMDS), principal component analysis (PCA), and redundancy analysis (RDA). Community composition differed across management categories, with sites under high levels of management dominated by graminoid (grasses) species. Community composition varied significantly across management categories. Biodiversity indices differed significantly across management categories, with low management sites having higher levels of biodiversity. Environmental variables did not have a strong correlation with community composition, however RDA analyses found management intensity to be the only significant variable relating to community composition. This thesis provides the first known baseline of vegetational community composition for agricultural drains across Windsor Essex. Vegetational biodiversity was dampened by regular drain management and this insight will be useful in exploring the multifunctional roles of drains in supporting biodiversity and ecosystem functions locally and regionally
Using Harmonization to Examine Freshwater Mussel Species at Risk: A Sydenham River Watershed Case Study
Full text linkThere are over 300 species of freshwater mussels (Family: Unionidae) across North America with many populations at risk or in decline. Mussels provide essential ecosystem services, yet they remain largely underexplored in terms of distribution, population sizes, life history traits, and co-existence with hosts, making species conservation efforts a challenge. To advance the conservation of freshwater mussel species at risk of extinction (SAR), this thesis aims to extend understanding of freshwater mussel SAR distributions in a biodiverse but vulnerable watershed in the Laurentian Great Lakes basin. This thesis asks: How can freshwater mussel SAR distribution data be leveraged through existing collaborations and other available knowledge? Further, how can we address uncertainty in freshwater mussel distributions through a better understanding of their host fish requirements? My work was conducted in the Sydenham River watershed, which is the most biodiverse in Canada with 35 different mussel species, 14 of which are federally listed as at risk of extinction. I employed multiple research methods including: an empirical field survey of existing mussel assemblages and environmental conditions across the watershed, a literature synthesis to compile all available host fish data, and expert input to refine local host information for the watershed. In my empirical survey, I found two major patterns in assemblages across the watershed: habitats within the main stem East branch of the watershed were significantly richer and significantly different based on environmental characteristics than the North branch. Additionally, host fishes were not very good predictors for where SAR freshwater mussels reside. Further, habitat characteristics informed mussel assemblage composition. My results offered multiple lines of evidence to demonstrate that harmonizing available datasets can help better understand mussel communities and therefore be applied to watershed-scale restoration efforts in the Great Lakes and beyond
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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