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Tafsir tematik tertawa perspektif Teori Sosiologis
Get PDFABSTRAK
Tertawa merupakan sesuatu yang sering kita temui dan sering dilakukan oleh setiap orang dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Tertawa merupakan sesuatu yang wajar yang mana tertawa merupakan salah satu fitrah atau anugrah yang dimiliki manusia yang telah diberikan Allah Swt.. Dalam tertawa terdapat banyak sekali manfaat, baik dalam bidang psikologi maupun sosiologi. Dalam bidang sosiologi manfaat dari tertawa dapat kita rasakan ketika kita berinteraksi sosial, diantaranya yaitu menjaga hubungan persahabatan, hubungan interpersonal, menghargai orang, menghilangkan permusuhan, menciptakan keakraban dan kemesraan, meningkatkan rasa percaya diri dalam berkomunikasi dan berinteraksi, dan masih banyak lagi. Akan tetapi hal ini tidak sejalan dengan tertawa perspektif Al-Qur’an dan hadits, yang mana didalamnya menjelaskan bahwa tertawa merupakan perbuatan yang tidak baik. Perbedaan inilah yang menjadikan penulis tertarik untuk melakukan kajian seputar tertawa dalam Al-Qur’an dengan pendekatan sosiologi dan menjadi pokok permasalahan yang akan dikaji dalam penelitian ini.
Jenis penelitian merupakan penelitian normatif yang mana mempunyai kerangka penelitian kepustakaan (library research), dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, agar dapat menjawab rumusan masalah maka digunakan metode tafsir tematik dengan menggunakan kata kunci tertawa (Dhahika) yang terdapat dalam Al-Qur’an. Kemudian ayat-ayat tersebut ditelaah dengan merujuk pada sumber data primernya yaitu Al-Qur’an dan juga sumber data sekundernya yaitu kitab tafsir, teori sosiologis, artikel, jurnal, dan beberapa sumber lain yang relevan. Dari sumber data tersebut, kemudian dilakukan analisis terhadap ayat-ayat yang telah diperoleh.
Dalam penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa Lafadz dhahika dalam Al-Qur’an disebutkan sebanyak 10 kali yang tersebar dalam 8 surat, adapun ayat-ayat tersebut dapat diklasifikasikan menjadi dua macam tertawa, yaitu tertawa yang baik (karena mendapat nikmat dan bersyukur) dan tertawa yang tidak baik (karena mengejek, menghina, dan merendahkan suatu golongan) yang mana masing-masing berjumlah lima ayat. Dan dari 10 ayat itu terdapat 3 surat yang masuk pada teori fungsional, 6 surat masuk pada teori konflik dan 1 surat yang termasuk teori interaksionisme simbolik.
ABSTRACT
Laughter is something that we often encounter and is often done by everyone in everyday life. Laughter is something natural where laughter is one of the fitrah or grace that humans have given Allah SWT. In laughter there are many benefits, both in the fields of psychology and sociology. In the field of sociology, we can feel the benefits of laughter when we interact socially, including maintaining friendly relations, interpersonal relationships, respecting people, eliminating hostility, creating intimacy and intimacy, increasing self-confidence in communication and interaction, and much more. However, this is not in line with laughing in the perspective of the Qur'an and hadith, which explain that laughing is a bad act. This difference is what makes the author interested in conducting a study about laughter in the Qur'an with a sociological approach and becomes the subject matter to be studied in this study.
The type of research is normative research which has a library research framework, using a qualitative approach, in order to answer the formulation of the problem, the thematic interpretation method is used by using the keyword laugh (Dhahika) contained in the Al-Qur'an. Then the verses are examined by referring to the primary data source, namely the Qur'an and also secondary data sources, namely the book of interpretation, sociological theory, articles, journals, and several other relevant sources. From these data sources, an analysis of the verses that have been obtained is then carried out.
In this study it was found that Lafadz dhahika in the Qur'an was mentioned 10 times spread over 8 letters, while the verses can be classified into two kinds of laughter, namely good laughter (because of getting favors and being grateful) and bad laughter (because of mocking, insulting, and demeaning a group), each of which amounted to five verses. And of the 10 verses, there are 3 letters that fall into functional theory, 6 letters that fall into conflict theory and 1 letter that includes the theory of symbolic interactionism.
مستخلص البحث
الضحك شيء نواجهه كثيرًا ما نواجهه وغالبًا ما يفعله الجميع في الحياة اليومية. فالضحك شيء طبيعي وهو من الفطرة أو النعمة التي وهبها الله سبحانه وتعالى للإنسان. وفي الضحك فوائد كثيرة، سواء في مجال علم النفس أو في مجال علم الاجتماع. ففي مجال علم الاجتماع يمكن أن نشعر بفوائد الضحك عند التفاعل الاجتماعي، ومنها الحفاظ على العلاقات الودية والعلاقات الشخصية واحترام الناس وإزالة العداوة وخلق الألفة والألفة وزيادة الثقة بالنفس في التواصل والتفاعل وغير ذلك الكثير. إلا أن هذا لا يتماشى مع الضحك في منظور القرآن والحديث، الذي يوضح أن الضحك عمل سيئ. وهذا الاختلاف هو ما جعل المؤلف يهتم بإجراء دراسة حول الضحك في القرآن الكريم بمنهج علم الاجتماع، ويصبح هو الموضوع الذي ستتم دراسته في هذه الدراسة.
نوع البحث هو بحث معياري له إطار بحثي مكتب، باستخدام المنهج الكيفي، وللإجابة عن صياغة المشكلة، يتم استخدام منهج التفسير الموضوعي باستخدام الكلمة المفتاحية (الضحكة) الواردة في القرآن الكريم. ثم يتم فحص الآيات بالرجوع إلى مصدر البيانات الأولي، وهو القرآن الكريم وكذلك مصادر البيانات الثانوية، وهي كتاب التفسير، والنظرية الاجتماعية، والمقالات، والمجلات، والعديد من المصادر الأخرى ذات الصلة. ومن مصادر البيانات هذه، يتم بعد ذلك تحليل الآيات التي تم الحصول عليها.
وقد تبين من خلال هذه الدراسة أن الضحك في القرآن الكريم ورد في القرآن الكريم ١٠ مرات موزعة على ٨ أحرف، ويمكن تصنيف الآيات إلى نوعين من الضحك وهما الضحك الحسن (لأنه يحصل به الفضل والامتنان) والضحك السيئ (لأنه استهزاء وإهانة وتحقير لجماعة) وكل منهما يبلغ خمس آيات. ومن بين هذه الأبيات العشرة، هناك ثلاثة أحرف تندرج في النظرية الوظيفية، وستة أحرف تندرج في نظرية الصراع، وحرف واحد يندرج في نظرية التفاعل الرمز
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Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
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No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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