1,721,063 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Hommes, Savanes, Forêts : modélisation de systèmes dynamiques liant l'homme à son environnement
No full textThis thesis emphasises the interest of models and methods initially developed in physics to study ecological systems with two examples. The first one concerns the dynamic of the interface between humid tropical forests and peri-forest savannas. FORSAT is a stochastic cellular automata modelling the two key processes sustaining the vegetation dynamics: the succession cycle (pioneer forest species installation in savannas) and man-induced savanna fires. The analysis of the model indicates that forest and savanna can be interpreted as two phases of a same system and that a phase transition occurs, the control parameters of which are an environmental factor (representing the ability for forest species to grow in savanna, influenced by climate of soil fertility) and an anthropic factor: the frequency of savanna fires. Increasing fire frequency induces two effects: the critical value of the environmental factor increases as well (the more recurrent fires are, the more favourable environmental conditions must be to sustain forest) and the transition that is of second order or rare fires becomes of first order for regular fires. The FORSAT model is a simple framework in which can be interpreted the humid tropical forest present repartition and their past dynamics as well as the results of a field study led in the forest savanna mosaic in the coastal Congo (Kouilou district). The second example concerns the dynamics of an urban dengue epidemic. Dengue is a tropical human infectious disease transmitted by domestic mosquitoes. The modelling effort includes three components: the disease severity (there are four stages of dengue and the way the factors interact to start one of them are still under debate), the dynamics of an epidemic in a homogeneous population and finally in a heterogeneous one.Cette thèse montre sur deux exemples l'intérêt des outils et des méthodes de la physique pour comprendre les systèmes écologiques. Le premier exemple concerne l'évolution des lisières entre les forêts tropicales humides et les savanes périforestières. Le modèle FORSAT est un automate cellulaire stochastique qui intègre les deux processus principaux qui déterminent la dynamique de la végétation : le cycle de succession (installation d'espèces pionnières de la forêt en savane) et les feux courants de savanes, d'origine principalement anthropique. L'étude du comportement émergent du modèle met en évidence une transition entre une phase savane et une phase forêt, sous l'influence de deux types de paramètres de contrôle : un facteur environnemental, qui représente la facilité d'installation des espèces forestières en savane sous l'effet combiné du climat et de la fertilité du sol, et un facteur anthropique : la fréquence des feux. L'augmentation de la fréquence de feux a deux effets : elle déplace la valeur critique du facteur environnemental vers des conditions plus favorables et provoque un changement de l'ordre de la transition qui de continue devient discontinue. Le modèle FORSAT et son analyse fournissent un cadre simple pour interpréter les répartitions actuelles des forêts tropicales humides et leur dynamique passée ainsi que les résultats d'une étude de terrain menée dans la mosaïque forêt--savane du littoral Congolais (région du Kouilou). Le deuxième exemple concerne la dynamique d'une épidémie urbaine de dengue, une maladie tropicale transmise par des moustiques omestiques. La modélisation fait intervenir trois points la gravité de la maladie (il existe quatre formes de dengue, dont les facteurs sont encore discutés), la dynamique d'une épidémie dans une population homogène puis hétérogène
Percolation model of fire dynamic
No full textInternational audienceA percolation model for fire dynamic is proposed, with two parameters, related to the combustibility and the ignitability of the medium. The expression of the critical line and of the rate of spread are given in function of that of bond percolation (BP). Finally, the relevance of the model is discussed in the light of results of experiments taken from literature: this simple model catches both the dynamical and static qualitative properties of fire propagation
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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