1,720,953 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Grey Wolf Optimizer Termodifikasi Menggunakan Chaotic Uniform Initialization Untuk Estimasi Effort Cocomo
Get PDFCOCOMO merupakan metode estimasi effort perangkat lunak berbasis parametrik yang banyak digunakan dan fleksibel diimplementasikan pada organisasi skala kecil hingga besar. Akan tetapi, kedua parameter COCOMO, yaitu multiplikatif dan eksponensial kerap memberikan hasil yang kurang presisi serta tidak realistis untuk diterapkan pada lingkungan pengembangan perangkat lunak saat ini. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, beberapa penelitian mengusulkan pendekatan berbasis pencarian untuk mendapatkan nilai parameter yang tepat dengan menggunakan algoritma optimasi metaheuristik. Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) merupakan salah satu algoritma optimasi yang bisa menghindari jebakan optimum lokal yang sering dialami oleh algoritma berbasis swarm intelligence. Namun, GWO kurang dalam hal diversity populasi yang membuat banyak kandidat solusi tidak mampu menjangkau ruang pencarian secara merata. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, penelitian ini mengusulkan GWO termodifikasi berupa chaotic uniform initialization agar bisa meningkatkan diversity populasi. Metode yang diusulkan ini membangkitkan dua populasi awal yang masing-masing menggunakan teknik chaos dan acak. Setiap kandidat solusi pada kedua populasi tersebut diseleksi berdasarkan nilai fitness tertentu yang pada akhirnya akan membentuk satu populasi awal yang memiliki diversity yang lebih baik. Eksperimen pada penelitian ini menggunakan tiga himpunan data dari NASA. Untuk mendapatkan teknik chaos terbaik, dilakukan komparasi terhadap tujuh teknik chaos. Metode yang diusulkan kemudian dikomparasikan dengan algoritma GWO standar dan satu varian GWO terkini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode yang diusulkan beserta teknik chaos circle terbukti mampu memperbaiki diversity populasi sehingga meningkatkan performa akurasi estimasi COCOMO. Metode yang diusulkan ini dimungkinkan untuk diintegrasikan pada alat bantu estimasi effort perangkat lunak yang biasa digunakan oleh para manajer proyek.
Abstract
COCOMO is a parametric-based software effort estimation method that is widely used and flexible to implement in small to large scale organizations. However, the two COCOMO parameters, namely multiplicative and exponential, often provide results that lack precision and are not realistic to apply to the current software development environment. To overcome this problem, several studies have proposed search-based approach to obtain appropriate parameter values using metaheuristic optimization algorithms. Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) is an algorithm that can avoid the local minimum trap that is often experienced by other swarm intelligence algorithms. However, GWO lacks population diversity which makes candidate solutions unable to cover the search space evenly. This study proposes chaotic uniform initialization to increase population diversity. The proposed method generates two initial populations using chaotic and random techniques respectively. Each candidate solution in the two populations is selected based on a certain fitness value which will ultimately produce an initial population that has better diversity. The experiment in this study used three data sets from NASA. To get the best chaos technique, a comparison of seven chaos techniques was carried out. The proposed method is then compared with the standard GWO algorithm and a current GWO variant. The research results show that the proposed method and the chaos circle technique are proven to be able to improve population diversity thereby increasing the accuracy of COCOMO. The proposed method is possible to integrated into software effort estimation tools commonly used by project managers.COCOMO merupakan metode estimasi effort perangkat lunak berbasis parametrik yang banyak digunakan dan fleksibel diimplementasikan pada organisasi skala kecil hingga besar. Akan tetapi, kedua parameter COCOMO, yaitu multiplikatif dan eksponensial kerap memberikan hasil yang kurang presisi serta tidak realistis untuk diterapkan pada lingkungan pengembangan perangkat lunak saat ini. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, beberapa penelitian mengusulkan pendekatan berbasis pencarian untuk mendapatkan nilai parameter yang tepat dengan menggunakan algoritma optimasi metaheuristik. Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) merupakan salah satu algoritma optimasi yang bisa menghindari jebakan optimum lokal yang sering dialami oleh algoritma berbasis swarm intelligence. Namun, GWO kurang dalam hal diversity populasi yang membuat banyak kandidat solusi tidak mampu menjangkau ruang pencarian secara merata. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, penelitian ini mengusulkan GWO termodifikasi berupa chaotic uniform initialization agar bisa meningkatkan diversity populasi. Metode yang diusulkan ini membangkitkan dua populasi awal yang masing-masing menggunakan teknik chaos dan acak. Setiap kandidat solusi pada kedua populasi tersebut diseleksi berdasarkan nilai fitness tertentu yang pada akhirnya akan membentuk satu populasi awal yang memiliki diversity yang lebih baik. Eksperimen pada penelitian ini menggunakan tiga himpunan data dari NASA. Untuk mendapatkan teknik chaos terbaik, dilakukan komparasi terhadap tujuh teknik chaos. Metode yang diusulkan kemudian dikomparasikan dengan algoritma GWO standar dan satu varian GWO terkini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode yang diusulkan beserta teknik chaos circle terbukti mampu memperbaiki diversity populasi sehingga meningkatkan performa akurasi estimasi COCOMO. Metode yang diusulkan ini dimungkinkan untuk diintegrasikan pada alat bantu estimasi effort perangkat lunak yang biasa digunakan oleh para manajer proyek.
Abstract
COCOMO is a parametric-based software effort estimation method that is widely used and flexible to implement in small to large scale organizations. However, the two COCOMO parameters, namely multiplicative and exponential, often provide results that lack precision and are not realistic to apply to the current software development environment. To overcome this problem, several studies have proposed search-based approach to obtain appropriate parameter values using metaheuristic optimization algorithms. Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) is an algorithm that can avoid the local minimum trap that is often experienced by other swarm intelligence algorithms. However, GWO lacks population diversity which makes candidate solutions unable to cover the search space evenly. This study proposes chaotic uniform initialization to increase population diversity. The proposed method generates two initial populations using chaotic and random techniques respectively. Each candidate solution in the two populations is selected based on a certain fitness value which will ultimately produce an initial population that has better diversity. The experiment in this study used three data sets from NASA. To get the best chaos technique, a comparison of seven chaos techniques was carried out. The proposed method is then compared with the standard GWO algorithm and a current GWO variant. The research results show that the proposed method and the chaos circle technique are proven to be able to improve population diversity thereby increasing the accuracy of COCOMO. The proposed method is possible to integrated into software effort estimation tools commonly used by project managers
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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