1,720,960 research outputs found
EpCAM- AN OLD CANCER ANTIGEN, TURNED ONCOGENIC RECEPTOR AND ITS TAGETING IMMUNOTHERAPY
Get PDFEpCAM is a cell adhesion molecule. Its structure, its expression and the oncogenic potential, and its signaling network and target therapy were in concise reviewed. In recent advances, in addition to PI3K/akt and Raf/MAPK pathway involving in cell survival, anti-apoptosis and proliferation,and malignant initiation and progression, three distinct pathway are illustrated: EpCAM/E-cadherin-catenin-actin cytoskeleton, EpCAM/wint-catenin signaling and its major EpCAM/nuclear signaling presented by Maetzel D in 2009 and Munz M in 2004. Moreover, more accumulated data are needed in detail mechanism. The data may provide its cancer biology and clinical targeting therapy benefits.
Peer Review History:
Received 4 February 2018; Revised 11 March; Accepted 14 April; Available online 15 May 2018
Academic Editor: Dr. Emmanuel O. Olorunsola, Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Uyo, Nigeria, [email protected]
Reviewer(s) detail:
Dr. Fatehalrahman F. Magbool, University of Khartoum, Sudan, [email protected]
Dr. Gülay B Anadolu, Anadolu University, Eskisehir, Turkey, [email protected]
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF TINIDAZOLE ENTERIC COATED TABLETS FOR COLON TARGETING DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM
Get PDFAim and Objective: Colon-specific delivery systems have garnered significant attention for their capacity to localize therapy within the large intestine, thereby enhancing treatment efficacy for colonic disorders and reducing systemic toxicity.
Methods: Core tablets containing tinidazole were prepared using a variety of polymers in distinct ratios, followed by application of an enteric coating. Pre-compression evaluation included assessment of powder flow characteristics and compatibility checks between the drug and excipients via FT-IR spectroscopy, with all batches demonstrating no evidence of interaction. Post-compression, tablets were tested for weight uniformity, mechanical strength, friability, and content uniformity, alongside in vitro dissolution studies under conditions simulating gastrointestinal transit.
Results: All formulations exhibited acceptable chemical and physical properties, with assay values ranging from 98.44 % to 99.89 %, indicating consistent drug loading across batches F1 through F5. The F5 batch emerged as the optimal candidate, sustaining tinidazole release for six hours and achieving a cumulative release of 98.32 %. Stability testing of F5 at 45 °C and 75 % relative humidity over three months revealed no significant changes in performance or integrity. Consequently, formulation F5 is proposed as a robust platform for targeted colonic delivery of tinidazole.
Conclusion: The investigation achieved the formulation of enteric-coated tinidazole tablets optimized for oral delivery and targeted release in the distal gastrointestinal tract.
Peer Review History:
Received 9 June 2025; Reviewed 14 July 2025; Accepted 23 August; Available online 15 September 2025
Academic Editor: Dr. DANIYAN Oluwatoyin Michael, Obafemi Awolowo University, ILE-IFE, Nigeria, [email protected]
Reviewers:
Dr. Ali Awad Allah Ali Moh. Saeed, National University, Sudan, [email protected]
Ali Jaber, Laboratory for Research and Development of Medicines and Natural Products, RDMPN, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon, [email protected]
Quality Control of the Fluids Utilized in Dialysis with the Study of the Hemodialysis Status in Khartoum State
No full textBackground: In this random quality control trail of the laboratory analysis of the fluids utilized for kidney failure patients, we aimed to reevaluate (analysis) of the compatibility of current fluids used in dialysis and the possibility of introducing other methodology and analysis to improve the dialysis and reduce morbidity and mortality rate.
Methods: The fluids analysis will performed mainly by atomic absorption spectroscopy, UV.VIS spectroscopy, HPLC, and Thin layer chromatography but we use more developed method, the atomic emission ICP device, and we took the hardness, specific gravity, PH and Pyrogen free test as a physical test of post treatment water to compare it with the standards stated by Fresenius company for the ideal processed water should use in the dialysis. Also a descriptive cross-sectional study design, Khartoum state 303 patients were selected randomly from 5 dialysis centers and interviewed using a questionnaire.
Results : In the analysis of the concentrated acid when all element turned by percentage most of the results were in the range of (100%, ±5) with some exceptions in some elements as with potassium the samples are all high, in police hospital ,Soba hospital ,ebnouf hospital, Khartoum hospital and Salma hospitals potassium was 108.8%, 113%, 105.6%, 106.9% and 108% respectively. calcium and sodium was at the range in all hospitals also magnesium was in the range although it was relatively low in the analysis of the processed water and with the range of the standard company, PH of all hospitals water was found within the range except Alshaheeda Salma was found to be 8.48 (range from 6.5 to 7.5), The specific gravity is approximately 1gm/ml, in all hospitals (stated water specific gravity), and the hardness of all was found to be less than 0.2 mmol/l as wanted except Ebnouf hospital which was found 1.2620 mmol/l. The pyrogen free test (present absent test) revealed presence of spore forming bacteria in both of Alshaheeda salma and Khartoum hospital. The bicarbonate salt titration analysis revealed an acceptable percentage of the sodium bicarbonate.
Conclusion: Our conclusion is that the current status of dialysis is not as required as such the fluids used need to be reviewed. Great effort were done to improve the disease status, but still need more care as had been thoroughly investigation in this aspect
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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