1,720,958 research outputs found
Phonemic awareness of schoolers test assessment (PASTA): A pseudoword blending task for Italian pupils
Full text linkPhonemic awareness refers to the ability to reflect on and process the sounds of spoken language and to conduct mental operations on the units that represent them, that is, phonemes. This study intended to examine the descriptive and psychometric properties of the phonemic awareness of schoolers test assessment (PASTA), a new tool that assesses one dimension of phonological awareness, namely the ability to blend pseudowords. A sample of 627 Italian 3rd-5th graders, 314 females and 313 males (M-age = 9.3 years, SD = 10.2 months, age range = 7.8-11.4 years) took part in the study. Participants completed a battery of tests assessing verbal intelligence and working memory, reading, writing, word, and pseudoword-blending skills. A satisfactory internal consistency of PASTA (Kudar-Richardson 20 = 0.81) was documented. Moreover, a series of Pearson's correlations revealed adequate concurrent validity of the new test. In addition, an ANOVA showed the positive main effect of education in the PASTA condition (F[2,621) = 11.083, p < .0001, eta(2)p = .03). As expected, 3rd-grade pupils were outperformed by children attending the 4th- and 5th grades. In conclusion, the PASTA is a reliable and valid instrument for the assessment of phonological processing in Italian 3rd to 5th graders of primary school
I Modelli microscopici della dinamica cellulare e il loro ruolo nella spiegazione delle psicopatologie
No full textRecupero in... abilità visuo-spaziali: una proposta per il potenziamento delle funzioni non-verbali nella scuola primaria
No full textIntroduzione. Un’ampia letteratura dimostra il ruolo cruciale delle funzioni cognitive visuospaziali in diversi apprendimenti scolastici, come le scienze naturali, la geografia, il disegno, la geometria. Il presente studio è stato condotto con l’intento di verificare l’efficacia del training multimediale e cartaceo “Recupero in...abilità visuo-spaziali” (Fastame e Antonini, 2011) in bambini frequentanti della scuola primaria.
Metodo. Allo studio hanno preso parte circa 200 alunni (gamma di età 6-10 anni) controbilanciati per genere sessuale e frequentanti le classi 1, 2, 3 e 4 di alcune scuole primarie dell’hinterland di Cagliari. Al pre-test, al post-test e al follow-up è stata proposta una batteria di test standardizzati per valutare l’efficienza di diversi processi cognitivi, quali ad esempio l’immaginazione e il problem solving visuo-spaziali, la velocità di elaborazione, la cognizione verbale. Dopo il pretest, a metà del campione stratificato per età (GS) è stato proposto il programma di potenziamento visuo-spaziale di Fastame e Antonini (2011). Esso consta di un software che è integrato da un training cartaceo. Le attività multimediali di potenziamento cognitivo sono state svolte in 15 sedute individuali settimanali della durata di 30 minuti ciascuna, mentre i compiti cartacei che mirano a favorire lo sviluppo di diverse funzioni cognitive (es. memoria di lavoro e memoria a lungo termine visuospaziale) e sono affiancate da schede per favorire la riflessione sui processi implicati nei diversi
compiti hanno visto coinvolto il gruppo classe per 15 incontri settimanali della durata di un’ora ciascuno. Il livello di complessità delle attività svolte al computer è stato tarato in funzione delle competenze evidenziate nelle prove oggettive iniziali. I partecipanti che non hanno preso parte al programma di arricchimento visuo-spaziale invece hanno svolto le attività curriculari previste dalle loro insegnanti (GC).
Risultati. Data la natura delle prove proposte, sono state condotte delle analisi della varianza separate per i partecipanti frequentanti le classi 1-2 e quelli delle classi 3-4, al fine di verificare l’effetto del gruppo (GS versus GC) su ciascuna misura considerata. Al pre-test non sono state trovate differenze tra GS e GC delle classi 1-2 nel digit span avanti [F(1,71) = .92, p = .34] e indietro [F(1,71) = .11, p = .74] e in un compito di immaginazione ed elaborazione visuo-spaziale [F(1,70) = .64, p = .43]. Al post-test è stato calcolato l’indice di guadagno (gain score) per ciascuna misura considerata. Alla fine del training, il GS ha riportato un minor numero di errori rispetto al GC nella prova di immaginazione ed elaborazione visuo-spaziale [F(1,67) = 5.7, p = .02, η2p = .07]. Al follow-up invece la prestazione del GS è risultata essere migliore sia nel compito di immaginazione ed elaborazione visuo-spaziale [F(1, 70) = 17.11, p = .02, η2p = .20] che nel digit span avanti [F(1,70) = 5.11, p = .03, η2p = .07]. Nelle classi 3-4 invece al pretest l’effetto del
gruppo non è risultato essere significativo nel problem solving visuo-spaziale [F(1,118) = 1.54, p = .21], nella velocità di elaborazione [F(1,118) = 0.24, p = .6] e nell’intelligenza verbale [F(1,118) = 1.52, p = .2]. Al post-test invece il GS ha riportato un guadagno statisticamente significativo nel compito di intelligenza verbale [F(1,110) = 6.4, p = .013, η2p = .05] e un valore che approccia la significatività nella velocità di elaborazione visuo-percettiva [F(1,111) = 3.9, p = .05]. Al follow up infine sono state evidenziate delle differenze significative tra il GS e il GC nella prova di problem solving visuo-spaziale [F(1,76) = 4.7, p = .04, η2p = .05].
Conclusioni. Il programma integrato multimediale e cartaceo di Fastame e Antonini può costituire una risorsa per la promozione dello sviluppo della cognizione non verbale dei bambini frequentanti la scuola primari
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
- …
