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Ctenarytaina bipartita Burckhardt, Farnier, Queiroz, Taylor & Steinbauer, 2013, sp. n.
No full textCtenarytaina bipartita sp. n. (Figs 1–13) Material examined. Holotype 3, Australia: Victoria, Battery Creek, 146 ° 7 ’ 42.3 ”E, 38 ° 42 ’ 51.5 ”S, 144 m above sea level, 7 March 2012, planted Eucalyptus kitsoniana (K. Farnier & M.J. Steinbauer), bred in greenhouse in LTUV (ANIC, dry mounted). Paratypes. Australia: Australian Capital Territory: 1 3, 1 Ƥ, Canberra, 13 September 1959 (V.F. Eastop), 1960 - 144 (BMNH, slide mounted). – New South Wales: 6 3, 2 Ƥ, Orange, Dalton Street roundabout, 149 ° 6 ’ 25.8 ”E, 33 ° 16 ’ 31.1 ”S, 866 m above sea level, 15 March 2012, Eucalyptus viminalis (D. Burckhardt) (NHMB, dry mounted); – Tasmania: 3 3, 5 Ƥ, Hobart, 3 December 1986, Eucalyptus viminalis (D. Burckhardt) (MHNG, NHMB, dry and slide mounted); 4 3, 1 Ƥ, same but Marion Bay, West of Copping, 13 December 1986, various trees (MHNG, dry mounted); 2 Ƥ, same but 10 km South of Bronte, 10 December 1986, Eucalyptus spp. (MHNG, dry mounted); 1 Ƥ, Weegena, 9 June 1959, Eucalyptus (V.F. Eastop) VFE 7674, 1960- 144 (BMNH, slide mounted). – Victoria: 8 3, 12 Ƥ, 26 larvae, same data as holotype (ANIC, ELEF, LTUV, MHNG, NHMB, dry and slide mounted and in ethanol); 13 3, 12 Ƥ, same data but (G.S. Taylor & M.J. Steinbauer) (WINC, dry mounted and in ethanol); 8 Ƥ, 22 larvae (5 th instar 12, 4th instar 1, 3rd 4, 2nd 1, 1st 4), Hoddle Range, 146 ° 7 ’ 55.6 ”E, 38 ° 43 ’ 0.9 ”S, 254 m above sea level, 19 October 2011, planted E. kitsoniana (K. Farnier & M.J. Steinbauer) (LTUV, dry mounted); 5 3, 5 Ƥ, 125 larvae, nr Portland, Oakleys Rd, 141 ° 31 ’ 6.4 ”E, 38 ° 19 ’ 55.5 ”S, 7 May 2012, roadside reveg planting of E. kitsoniana and E. viminalis (M.J. Steinbauer), (WINC, in ethanol); 1 3, 110 larvae, same but 7 May 2012; 1 larva, nr Portland, Post Office Rd, 147 ° 20 ’ 33.1 ”E, 38 ° 12 ’6.0”S, 8 May 2012, naturally seeded seedling of E. kitsoniana (M.J. Steinbauer) (WINC, in ethanol). Description. Adult (Figs 1–4). Colouration. When alive bright orange to light brown (Fig. 14); eyes reddish. In dry mounted specimens head and pronotum light orange-brown, preocular tubercule and genal processes yellowish. Antennal segments 1 and 2 yellowish, 5–7 light brown, 8–10 dark brown to almost black. Thorax light reddish brown. Forewing with yellow to light brown veins; membrane semitransparent, indistinctly yellowish. Hindwing transparent, whitish. Legs brown, tibiae whitish, abdominal tergites brown, ventrites dirty whitish or yellowish, membranes reddish. Terminalia yellowish to light ochreous. Young specimens generally lighter in colour. Structure. Head (Fig. 5) strongly deflexed from longitudinal body axis; preocular sclerite forming distinct tubercule; genal processes about one third as long as vertex along mid-line, conical, subacute, contiguous in the middle in basal half; completely enveloping the median ocellus basally. Antenna short, 0.87–0.95 times head width, with a single subapical rhinarium on each of segments 4, 6, 8 and 9; segment 10 with one long curved apical seta, which is about as long as segment 10, and a very short truncate seta. Forewing (Fig. 6) oblong-oval, 2.54–2.84 times as long as head width, 2.64 – 2.28 times as long as broad, more or less evenly rounded apically; pterostigma relatively broad, broadest near the middle; costal break present. Vein C+Sc very weakly, evenly curved, cell c+sc narrow; vein Rs almost straight, vein M long with short, widely diverging branches, vein Cu 1 b relatively long, evenly curved, in males reaching the margin at the point of bifurcation of vein M, in females often beyond point of bifurcation. Surface spinules present in all cells, forming irregular cellular pattern. Mesotibia with a subapical, longitudinal row of stout setae. Metacoxa with small, straight, weakly narrowing, apically blunt meracanthus. Metatibia longer than metafemur, 0.54–0.56 times as long as head width, with 5 almost equidistant short, strongly sclerotised apical spurs. Metabasitarsus with 2 small lateral sclerotised spurs. Male terminalia (Figs. 7, 8) with basal segment of proctiger, in profile, without conspicuous stout pointed seta at the distal posterior angle; apical segment thin, tubular, 0.54–0.62 times length of basal segment; subgenital plate relatively small, triangular, in profile, with concave dorsal margin and longitudinal row of lateral setae. Paramere (Figs. 9, 14) lamellar, weakly curved forward with small finger-like process in basal third of hind margin, subacute apically; outer face sparsely covered in long setae, inner face with a group of thick setae apically and along fore margin, as well as a row of closely spaced peg-like setae starting from about apical third of the hind margin to the base; from behind, fingerlike process visible as narrow lobe with straight inner margin. Distal portion of aedeagus (Figs. 10, 15) with apical third or half imperceptibly inflated, apex narrowly rounded, sclerotised end tube of ductus ejaculatorius small, sshaped. Female terminalia (Fig. 11) with proctiger 0.77 – 0.70 times as long as head width, 2.83–3.27 times as long as circumanal ring, 1.75–1.89 times as long as subgenital plate; dorsal margin of proctiger strongly concave, apical half of proctiger forming narrow process, truncate at apex, and bearing two lateral rows of small peg-like setae over four fifths of its length. Subgenital plate 0.44–0.57 times as long as proctiger, in profile broadly triangular at base, strongly narrowing in apical third. Valvulae dorsalis and ventralis moderately curved. Measurements in mm (3 3, 3 Ƥ). Head width 0.49–0.58, Antenna length 0.46–0.51, forewing length 1.29–1.60, length of basal segment of male proctiger 0.16, length of distal segment of male proctiger 0.09–0.10, paramere length 0.11–0.14, length of distal portion of aeeagus 0.18–0.21, female proctiger length 0.43–0.45. Fifth instar larva (Fig. 16). Coloration. Larvae orange when alive; dirty whitish with yellowish or greyish sclerites when preserved in 70 % ethanol. Tip of antenna and tarsi dark brown, compound eyes red. Dorsum of head yellowish anteriorly. Abdomen with yellow mycetome visible in basal third. Structure. Body (Fig. 13) elongate, weakly sclerotised, 1.63–1.72 times as long as wide. Antenna indistinctly 9 -segmented, a single rhinarium present on each of segments 3, 5, 7 and 8. Forewing pad 1.58–1.60 times as long as antenna. Tarsal arolium oval, lacking pedicel and unguitractor, shorter than claws. Caudal plate (Fig. 12) angular, truncate apically, 0.71–0.91 times as long as wide. Circumanal ring terminal, small, consisting of a single row of pores. Additional pore fields present in the form of circular groups of 6–20 pores each; groups arranged in two irregular half circles on either side of caudal plate (Figs. 12 (large arrows), 16), anterior semicircle in anterior third of caudal plate, posterior in posterior third. Lanceolate marginal setae (Figs. 12 (small arrows), 16) forming three irregular groups in about basal third, in the middle and adjacent to circumanal ring. Measurements in mm (4 larvae). Body length 1.04–1.29, antenna length 0.28–0.31. Etymology. From Latin bipartitus = divided in two parts, referring to the paramere consisting of two lobes. Biology. In southern Victoria, adults were found on native and planted Eucalyptus kitsoniana and E. viminalis between October (mid spring) and early May (mid autumn). In Tasmania, adults were collected in December on Eucalyptus viminalis and by general sweeping on various plants including Eucalyptus pauciflora and unidentified eucalypt species. A single female was collected in June on Eucalyptus sp. The series from the ACT was found in September and that from New South Wales in March on E. viminalis. Adults appear feeding on juvenile foliage and are usually most abundant in opening leaf buds and on very recently expanded leaves. Adults spend most of the time feeding and usually disperse only when disturbed. Mating occurs at feeding sites (Fig. 17). Eggs are most often deposited inside closed apical buds. Females may be induced to lay by insertion of the ovipositor into tight crevices, e.g. between pairs of leaves. In the field, on planted hosts in Victoria, larvae were found between October and May inside apical buds and never on expanding leaves. Densities are typically low (5.9 ± 0.8 larvae per bud, n = 63 observations from seven trees), only rarely reaching high numbers (e.g. 38 larvae in a bud). Larvae produce wax strands (Figs. 18, 19) similar to those of C. eucalypti. Honeydew is encapsulated in the flocculent waxy material (Figs. 18, 19). High numbers of larvae in closed apical leaf pairs induce leaf rolls (Fig. 20). Condensation can be observed inside leaf rolls when opened indicating that they provide larvae with high humidity microhabitats in which to develop. Severely distorted young leaves often do not expand normally (Fig. 20). Leaf rolling was not observed in the field when larval densities were low, e.g. <5 larvae per leaf. In the laboratory larvae reach maturity within three weeks when reared under a 20: 10 °C for 12: 12 hours temperature regime. Mummified larvae with serrated exit holes have been observed in the wild suggesting that the species is attacked by parasitoid wasps. A regular psyllid infestation of small E. kitsoniana seedlings was observed in a nursery (F. Smolders, pers comm.). This population is currently in greenhouse culture at LTUV.Published as part of Burckhardt, Daniel, Farnier, Kevin, Queiroz, Dalva L., Taylor, Gary S. & Steinbauer, Martin J., 2013, Ctenarytaina bipartita sp. n. (Hemiptera, Psylloidea), a new eucalypt psyllid from Southeast Australia, pp. 589-596 in Zootaxa 3613 (6) on pages 590-594, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3613.6.5, http://zenodo.org/record/22171
Colesevelam hydrochloride : usefulness of a specifically engineered bile acid sequestrant for lowering LDL-cholesterol
No full textSeveral recent meta-analyses of numerous lipid-lowering outcome trials confirm the direct relationship between low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) lowering and cardiovascular risk reduction. As a consequence, LDL-C goals are continuously being set lower. To achieve lipid lowering, several efficient drugs are available, however, the current pharmacopoeia remains limited for some critical patient situations. Colesevelam hydrochloride is a specifically engineered bile acid sequestrant that features a more favourable tolerability and drug interaction profile than traditional bile acid sequestrants, because of a better affinity and binding capacity to bile acids. In addition, colesevelam retains the nonsystemic mode of action of bile acid sequestrants. Moreover, colesevelam lowers LDL-C by 15-19% and 10-16%, respectively, in monotherapy and in combination to various lipid-lowering drugs, such as statins, ezetimibe and fenofibrates. Along with an efficient and sustainable effect on lipid profiles, colesevelam - as other bile acid sequestrants - has been shown to lower the glycosylated haemoglobin HbA1c by 0.5% on average in patients with type 2 diabetes. Overall, colesevelam represents an interesting add-on treatment to be used in high-risk patients with hypercholesterolaemia for whom standard lipid-lowering therapies are not enough or not well tolerate
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Effect of co-administering ezetimibe with on-going simvastatin treatment on LDL-C goal attainment in hypercholesterolemic patients with coronary heart disease
No full textOBJECTIVE: To determine whether co-administering ezetimibe with on-going simvastatin treatment was more effective than placebo plus on-going simvastatin in achieving an LDL-C treatment target of or = 18 years) with documented CHD and on a stable dose of simvastatin 10 mg or 20 mg for at least 6 weeks were recruited for this study. After a 4-week simvastatin 10 or 20 mg plus placebo and diet run-in period, patients were eligible for randomization if LDL-C > 2.60 and < or = 4.20 mmol/l and triglycerides (TG) < or = 4.00 mmol/l. Eligible patients were randomized to a double-blind comparative study with ezetimibe 10 mg co-administered with on-going simvastatin 10 mg or 20 mg (n=181) versus placebo to match ezetimibe co-administered with simvastatin 10 mg or 20 mg (n=191) for 6 weeks. RESULTS: At baseline, mean LDL-C was comparable between the ezetimibe (3.14 mmol/l) and placebo (3.19 mmol/l) groups. With the addition of ezetimibe or placebo to on-going simvastatin therapy, the percentage of patients achieving the LDL-C goal of < or = 2.60 mmol/l after 6 weeks of treatment was significantly (p < or = 0.001) greater in the ezetimibe group (74.3%) than in the placebo group (16.7%). The addition of ezetimibe to on-going simvastatin treatment also resulted in a significantly (p < or = 0.001) larger mean percent reduction in LDL-C from baseline (25.2%) compared with placebo (0.9%). Ezetimibe was generally well tolerated compared to placebo when added to on-going simvastatin treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Co-administering ezetimibe with on-going simvastatin 10 or 20 mg treatment allowed more hypercholesterolemic patients with CHD to reach the LDL-C treatment target of < or = 2.60 mmol/l
Ctenarytaina bipartita sp. n. (Hemiptera, Psylloidea), a new eucalypt psyllid from Southeast Australia
No full textCtenarytaina bipartita sp.n., associated with Eucalyptus kitsoniana and E. viminalis, is described from the Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Tasmania and Victoria. It differs from other described Ctenarytaina species in the paramere which bears a small posterior lobe. Taxonomically relevant morphological details are illustrated and the species is diagnosed from other eucalypt inhabiting congeners. Information on the biology is also given. C. bipartita has the potential to become an exported pest species to countries with significant eucalypt plantations.Daniel Burckhardt, Kevin Farnier, Dalva L. Queiroz, Gary S. Taylor & Martin J. Steinbauerhttp://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/2013/f/z03613p596f.pd
Efficacy and safety of adding alirocumab to rosuvastatin versus adding ezetimibe or doubling the rosuvastatin dose in high cardiovascular-risk patients:The ODYSSEY OPTIONS II randomized trial
No full textOBJECTIVE: To compare lipid-lowering efficacy of adding alirocumab to rosuvastatin versus other treatment strategies (NCT01730053).METHODS: Patients receiving baseline rosuvastatin regimens (10 or 20 mg) were randomized to: add-on alirocumab 75 mg every-2-weeks (Q2W) (1-mL subcutaneous injection via pre-filled pen); add-on ezetimibe 10 mg/day; or double-dose rosuvastatin. Patients had cardiovascular disease (CVD) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) ≥70 mg/dL (1.8 mmol/L) or CVD risk factors and LDL-C ≥100 mg/dL (2.6 mmol/L). In the alirocumab group, dose was blindly increased at Week 12 to 150 mg Q2W (also 1-mL volume) in patients not achieving their LDL-C target. Primary endpoint was percent change in calculated LDL-C from baseline to 24 weeks (intent-to-treat).RESULTS: 305 patients were randomized. In the baseline rosuvastatin 10 mg group, significantly greater LDL-C reductions were observed with add-on alirocumab (-50.6%) versus ezetimibe (-14.4%; p < 0.0001) and double-dose rosuvastatin (-16.3%; p < 0.0001). In the baseline rosuvastatin 20 mg group, LDL-C reduction with add-on alirocumab was -36.3% compared with -11.0% with ezetimibe and -15.9% with double-dose rosuvastatin (p = 0.0136 and 0.0453, respectively; pre-specified threshold for significance p < 0.0125). Overall, ∼80% alirocumab patients were maintained on 75 mg Q2W. Of alirocumab-treated patients, 84.9% and 66.7% in the baseline rosuvastatin 10 and 20 mg groups, respectively, achieved risk-based LDL-C targets. Treatment-emergent adverse events occurred in 56.3% of alirocumab patients versus 53.5% ezetimibe and 67.3% double-dose rosuvastatin (pooled data).CONCLUSIONS: The addition of alirocumab to rosuvastatin provided incremental LDL-C lowering versus adding ezetimibe or doubling the rosuvastatin dose.</p
Mitomycin C in highly myopic eyes - Author reply
No full textOphthalmology. 2005 Feb;112(2):208-18; discussion 219.
Mitomycin C modulation of corneal wound healing after photorefractive keratectomy in highly myopic eyes.
Gambato C, Ghirlando A, Moretto E, Busato F, Midena E.
SourceRefractive Surgery Service and Antimetabolite Therapy Research Unit, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To evaluate the role of topical mitomycin C in corneal wound healing (CWH) after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) in highly myopic eyes.
DESIGN: Prospective, double-masked, randomized clinical trial.
PARTICIPANTS: Seventy-two eyes of 36 patients affected by high (>7 diopters) myopia.
METHODS: In each patient, one eye was randomly assigned to PRK with intraoperative topical 0.02% mitomycin C application, and the fellow eye was treated with a placebo. Postoperatively, mitomycin C-treated eyes received artificial tears (3 times daily, tapered in 3 months), whereas the fellow eye was treated with fluorometholone sodium 2% and artificial tears (3 times daily, tapered in 3 months).
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), contrast sensitivity, manifest refraction, and biomicroscopy. Contrast sensitivity was determined using the Pelli-Robson chart. Corneal confocal microscopy documented CWH.
RESULTS: Mean follow-up was 18 months (range, 12-36). No side effects or toxic effects were documented. At 12-month follow-up examination, UCVAs (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution) were 0.4+/-0.48 and 0.5+/-0.53 (P = .03) in mitomycin C-treated eyes and corticosteroid-treated eyes, respectively. At 1 year, corneal haze developed in 20% of corticosteroid-treated eyes, versus 0% of mitomycin C-treated eyes. At 12, 24, and 36 months, corneal confocal microscopy showed activated keratocytes and extracellular matrix significantly more evident in untreated eyes (Ps = 0.004, 0.024, and 0.046, respectively).
CONCLUSION: Topical intraoperative application of 0.02% mitomycin C can reduce haze formation in highly myopic eyes undergoing PRK.
Comment in
Ophthalmology. 2006 Feb;113(2):357; author reply 357-8
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
A Multi-Language Comparison of Influences on Author Verification using Character N-Grams
No full textWe create a new multi-language corpus for author verification based on Wikipedia talkpages, and evaluate the influence that differences in topic and time have on character n-gram author profiles. Topic alignment between two texts is found to increase author verification precision, and an authors writing style is found to change over time, but not more significantly after 3 years than after 1 year.Information ArchitectureWISElectrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Scienc
A 0.12mm<sup>2</sup> Wien-Bridge Temperature Sensor with 0.1°C (3σ) Inaccuracy from -40°C to 180°C
No full text Resistor-based temperature sensors can achieve much higher resolution and energy efficiency than conventional BJT-based sensors [1], but they typically occupy more area (> 0.25 mm 2 ) and have lower operating temperatures (le 125 {circ} {C}) [2]-[4]. This work describes a 0.12mm 2 resistor-based sensor that uses a Wien-bridge (WB) filter to achieve 0.1 {circ} {C} (3 sigma) inaccuracy from - 40 {circ} {C} to 180 {circ} {C}. Compared to a state-of-the-art WB sensor [4], it occupies 6 × less area and achieves comparable relative accuracy over a 76% wider operating range. Session 10.3 Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Electronic InstrumentationMicroelectronic
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