1,720,959 research outputs found
Chest X-ray in bronchial pneumonia: Is it useless in most cases?
No full textThe review of the literature and of the international guidelines about the usefulness of performing chest radiography for the diagnosis of bronchial pneumonia shows that this examination should be limited to selected cases. If symptoms are suggestive of bronchial pneumonia in clinically not severe children older than 2 years, the radiography should not be performed because it does not modify the therapeutic behaviours, it does not give accurate information about etiology, and it can give false negative or false positive results. In this context chest radiography does not offer advantages, does not modify clinical outcomes, could be misleading and could induce therapeutic mistakes. On the other hand, chest radiography is strictly indicated in selected cases such as the presence of severe respiratory symptoms, symptoms that do not improve with antibiotic therapy within 24-48 hours, suspected tuberculosis, respiratory distress from suspected non-infectious etiology, and highly feverish children without identified cause. Chest radiological controls during or after therapy should be limited to selected cases and never performed in patients responsive to therapy and clinically healed
When should cystourethrography be performed in infants at their first urinary tract infection?
No full textUrinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common bacterial infection in infants. It may be associated with the concomitant presence of a kidney malfunctioning picture, in particular vescicoureteral reflux (VUR). Voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) is the gold standard method to diagnose VUR but it is an invasive procedure that is not free of risk. The indication of micturating cystourethrography (MCU) in infant at the first episode of UTI does not find in the literature the unique recommendations. VUR has usually a benign prognosis and the attitude followed for its management is in most cases waiting, without any specific intervention. In fact both antibiotic prophylaxis and surgery do not substantially improve the prognosis of VUR. The likelihood of being faced with a high grade of VUR (≥ III grade) in infants at the first UTI is very high (about 50% of cases) in the presence of two risk conditions: an infection caused by non-E. Coli and a concomitant abnormality in renal ultrasound. In cases of E. coli infection and with normal renal ultrasound (which are the majority) the likelihood of finding a high grade underlying VUR is very low (1% of cases)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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