30,752 research outputs found
Sergio Lenci. Progettare progettando
No full textL'articolo ripercorre i cinquant'anni di professione dell'architetto Sergio Lenci, partendo dalle carte dell'Archivio, conservato presso l'Ordine degli Architetti P.P.C. di Roma e Provincia, catalogato e inventariato dagli stessi autori (Maria Letizia Accorsi e Roberto Faraone) con la direzione scientifica della dott.ssa Elisabetta Reale (Soprintendenza Archivistica per il Lazio)
Rigenerazione urbana e produzione in Veneto. Una geografia post-crisi a più voci
No full textLa città contemporanea italiana sta attraversando un periodo di grandi trasformazioni, dettate da profondi cambiamenti sociali ed economici, in cui il rapporto tra produzione e spazio si riarticola in una maniera che è strettamente dipendente dalle intenzioni e dagli interessi delle attività economiche e di servizio, rispetto a una loro determinata localizzazione. Per questo motivo, per capire le trasformazioni in atto nei contesti territoriali produttivi, è molto importante osservarle dal punto di vista dei suoi attori e delle dinamiche di interazione che sono capaci di attuare e «situare». L'analisi condotta a Porto Marghera cerca di esplorare non solo l'attuale situazione di trasformazione, ma soprattutto le aspettative e le vision degli attori che a diversa scala, con differenti obiettivi e con proprie strategie agiscono in uno specifico contesto concorrendo a processi di sviluppo con esiti imprevedibili in assenza di un coordinamento o di un coerente progetto
Freedom of Self-Determination in Planning: The Case of Travellers & Gypsies of England
No full textThe main question of the thesis was to understand the extent to which the English planning system facilitated freedom of self-determination. The inquiry focused on the Irish Traveller and English Gypsy (T&G) groups because of their current state of freedoms in planning compared with larger society. The thesis measures capacity for self-determination through the extent that critical characteristics related to lifestyle choices are allowed equally across all groups and explored at various scales ranging from the intimate to the European.
The T&G have been focused on in literature and practical reflection from a range of disciplines bringing forward key aspects of their marginalization and perspectives on barriers and effects of their limited freedoms. This research utilizes a cross disciplinary approach including: ethnographic, legal, economic, neurological, planning and urban design to generate a complex picture of the tensions and pressures within and outside these communities. This perspective established a starting point for addressing equality in planning. Initial pilot studies served to tie together background studies and inform a methodology for research and analysis. These generated an approach to case studies field research in situations that ranged from evictions to long term residents without tenure to relocation due to the London Olympic Games.
The research delivered a new understanding on the contemporary condition of T&G in England and their continued capacity to adapt to changing contexts in order to maintain the crucial qualities to being a Traveller and Gypsy. That is, their capacity to make culturally relevant decisions critical to perpetuating membership within their respective communities defines them in their various cultural contexts. This methodology is transferrable to the study of other minority groups in their particular situation of loss of freedoms. The approach is also informed by practical reflection to balance literature and field work across applicable fields through the research stages. Finally the research outcomes contributed to developing an operational methodology that was used to derive a local product of engagement. In this third stage of field work testing the operational methodology proved beneficial to overcoming land use conflict and facilitating access to these freedoms
The Dichotomy of the Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-Like Thermozyme from Sulfolobus solfataricus
No full textThe first evidence of an ADP-ribosylating activity in Archaea was obtained in Sulfolobus solfataricus(strain MT-4) where a poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP)-like thermoprotein, defined with the acronymous PARPSso, was found. Similarly to the eukaryotic counterparts PARPSso cleaves beta-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide to synthesize oligomers of ADP-ribose; cross-reacts with polyclonal anti-PARP-1 catalytic site antibodies; binds DNA. The main differences rely on the molecular mass (46.5 kDa) and the thermophily of PARPSso which works at 80 °C. Despite the biochemical properties that allow correlating it to PARP enzymes, the N-terminal and partial amino acid sequences available suggest that PARPSso belongs to a different group of enzymes, the DING proteins, an item discussed in detail in this review.This finding makes PARPSso the first example of a DING protein in Archaea and extends the existence of DING proteins into all the biological kingdoms. PARPSsohas a cell peripheral localization, along with the edge of the cell membrane. The ADP-ribosylation reaction is reverted by a poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase-like activity, able to use the eukaryotic poly(ADP-ribose) as a substrate too. Here we overview the research of (ADP-ribosyl)ation in Sulfolobus solfataricus in the past thirty years and discuss the features of PARPSso common with the canonical poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases, and the structure fitting with that of DING proteins
Past and current Topics on ADPribosylation reactions
No full textThe milestone of Adenosine Diphosphate-ribosylation studies was the paper by Paul Mandel’s group in 1960s, first describing a “sort” of polyadenylic acid synthesized upon addition of nicotinamide mononucleotide in rat liver nuclear extracts. Nicotinic Acid or Niacin is the precursor of Nicotinamide Adenin Dinucleotide. In 1960s this compound was known mainly as coenzyme of most redox processes in metabolism. The discovery of enzymes that covalently transfer Adenosine Diphosphate-ribose moiety of Nicotinamide Adenin Dinucleotide to acceptor proteins, thereby altering their function, or are able to synthesize cyclic Adenosine Diphosphate-ribose, has given rise to the era of one of the most studied and still surprising reversible post – translational modification reactions. Over 50 years, developing the research on Adenosine Diphosphate-ribosylation has provided the basis to interconnect several processes thought to be very distant each other, opening new perspectives in their regulation and in therapeutic intervention. Here a synthesis of the history and the main and recent goals reached studying Adenosine Diphosphate-ribose in all its features are provided by a series of reviews including the most advanced research
14th world congress on advances in Oncology and 12th international symposium on molecular medicine
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The evolution of ADP-ribosylating enzymes and the wide spectrum of their biological significance - Special Issue
No full textCHROMATIN ARCHITECTURE AND FUNCTIONS: THE ROLE(S) OF POLY(ADP-RIBOSE) POLYMERASE AND POLY(ADPRIBOSYL)ATION OF NUCLEAR PROTEINS.
No full textSPECIAL EPIGENETIC ISSUE
Epigenetic states that allow chromatin fidelity inheritance can be mediated by several factors. One of them, histone variants and their modifications (including acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation, and ubiquitylation) create distinct patterns of signals read by other proteins, and are strictly related to chromatin remodelling, which is necessary for the specific expression of a gene, and for DNA repair, recombination, and replication. In the framework of chromatin-controlling factors, the poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of nuclear proteins, catalysed by poly(ADP-ribose)polymerases (PARPs), has been implicated in the regulation of both physiological and pathological events (gene expression/amplification, cellular division/differentiation, DNA replication, malignant transformation, and apoptotic cell death). The involvement of PARPs in this scenario has raised doubts about the epigenetic value of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation, because it is generally activated after DNA damage. However, one emerging view suggests that both the product of this reaction, poly(ADP-ribose), and PARPs, particularly PARP 1, play a fundamental role in recruiting protein targets to specific sites and (or) in interacting physically with structural and regulatory factors, through highly reproducible and inheritable mechanisms, often independent of DNA breaks. The interplay of PARPs with protein factors, and the combinatorial effect of poly(ADPribosyl)ation with other post-translational modifications has shed new light on the potential and versatility of this dynamic reaction
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