714 research outputs found
The ABC (Affordance-Bias-Cognition) reasoning of product-use interaction: a text mining approach
No full textThe main approaches to study the cognitive aspects of product-use interaction involve many theoretical models that map the match or mismatch among the users' and designers' knowledge, beliefs, and expectations into positive interactions (affordances, alternative uses) or negative interactions (misuse and failure). However, these assumptions have only been approached theoretically and hardly find empirical consensus in Engineering Design. For this reason, the aim of this paper is to show how it is possible to apply Text Mining to empirically demonstrate a theoretical model developed to interpret the cognitive aspects of product-use interaction. We approached this study by analyzing the textual content of patents to empirically demonstrate the reasoning of the following cognitive aspects: affordances, bad design, and bias. In particular, we developed a framework called Affordance-Bias-Cognition (ABC) reasoning that aims at demonstrating that when humans (designers or users) approach objects, they follow a well-defined pattern of cognitive activities (or phases): cause, perception, interpretation, manipulation, and check. Furthermore, we demonstrate that affordances, bad design, and bias follow the same cognitive processes, and that differs only because users and designers, acting like humans, have misconceptions that lead to positive and negative interactions
Stereochemistry of Baker's yeast mediated reduction of α,β-unsaturated δ-lactones in the goniothalamin series.
No full textOn How Technological Evolution, Organizational Paradigms, Global Trends and Events are Shaping the Research on Project Management
No full textCharacterizing the Knowledge Base in the Middle-earth: a Longitudinal Patent-based Analysis of the Bioinformatics Industry
No full textThis paper investigates the nature of bioinformatics inventions by analysing technological contributions (patents). By analyzing data from USPTO, EPO, and WIPO, we shed some light on the antecedents that gave rise to what can be thought of as an interdisciplinary radical innovation. A quadruple helix of actors, entailing the exceptional role of single inventors, shaped the field. First evidence about trends and the role of non-patent references suggest that Bioinformatics has roots in science; the latter, still providing fundamental contributions for the growth of the industry and the patenting activity. A diversity analysis supports the view that scientific contributions (first and more than their technological counterparts) played an important role in sustaining the patenting activity in the Bioinformatics industry
At the Roots of an Interdisciplinary Radical Innovation: Preliminary Insights from the Patenting Activity in the Bioinformatics Industry
No full textValue creation in emerging technologies through text mining: the case of blockchain
No full textAs technology progresses, organisations must understand where to direct
their value-creating efforts to achieve or sustain competitive advantage.
This is even more true in the case of emerging technologies, where
innovative activities often focus on achieving a technology promise
while overlooking a set of technological, operational, organisational and
user-related problems that must be overcome before the technology
can fulfil this promise. Through an innovative application of textmining, this paper develops a practical methodology to identify a range
of problems related to a technological field in an unsupervised manner,
that may benefit firms, researchers and policymakers. We apply the
methodology to the field of blockchain and compare it to traditional
literature reviews
What Users Want: a Natural Language Processing Approach to Discover Users'needs From Online Reviews
No full textDigital transformation is changing the competitive dynamics, calling
for new strategies and models to handle emerging business challenges. It is also
producing new opportunities related to the exploitation of digital media in business. Digital media are not only a means to deliver products and services, but also
a channel to interact with consumers and a source of information on users’ preferences. Indeed, data shared by customers on the web, the User-Generated Content (UGC), can give entrepreneurs a detailed perspective of the market.
This work examines an application of Natural Language Processing techniques on UGC to discover insights on users' opinions. We collected more than
13.000 reviews of software from digital stores (Google Play and Apple Store)
and software review website (Capterra), to gather interesting and valuable information on the customers’ perspective and their response to a given marketing
strategy in two case studies on digital product’s launch. The objective is to give
support to two Italian companies in the process of business model development
through data-driven evidence. We aim to discover who are the users and which
are their needs using a lexicon-based approach to identify that information in
unstructured text. The results of the analysis provide qualitative and quantitative
descriptions of the market segments in which a certain product can be distributed.
We propose a method to examine UGC and to explore customers’ behavior
on social media. The findings helped managers for the development of their business model, enhancing an informed decision-making process
The Impact of Generative Artificial Intelligence on Human Skills: A Quantitative Case Study on ChatGPT
No full textThe novel generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) developed by OpenAI, i.e., ChatGPT, rised a great interest in both scientific and business contexts. This new wave of technological advancement typically produces deep transformation in the workplace, requiring new skills. However, none of the studies in literature provide quantitative analysis and measures on the impact of ChatGPT on human skills. To address this gap, we collected a database of 616,073 tweets about ChatGPT, and used Natural Language Processing techniques to identify the tasks users requested ChatGPT to perform, and the sentiment related to these tasks. Then, we compared these tasks with a standard taxonomy of skills (i.e., ESCO) using BERT. The results of the study underline that ChatGPT impacts 185 different skills. Moreover, we proposed a model to represent the interaction of the user and ChatGPT, useful to define four skills which are emerging for using this new technology
Text mining on green policies for integrating sustainability in higher education
No full textGreen transition calls for a supply chain rethinking, considering the vulnerability of the envi
ronment and the effects of human activities on it. Education can push towards development of
new growth models oriented towards sustainability. However, the identification of the key skills
and competences for updating higher education offer is not a trivial task. Policies and regulations
in employment focused on skills and mindset for sustainability can feed this process. Moreover,
the pace and the complexity of the transition require trusted and integrated data sources to
properly update educational offer for the emerging needs. A Natural Language Processing
approach is thus presented to measure the alignment between policy-documents and to integrate
and operationalize their content. Two European policies recently released are compared, namely
the EU Taxonomy for Sustainable Activities (EU-TSA) and the Green Concepts of the European
Classification of Skills/Competences, Qualifications and Occupations (ESCO). The results show
the topics to include in the development of educational activities oriented to sustainability, that
are the key enabling competencies, and the key disciplines in which priority action should be
taken. The insights can therefore guide higher educational providers in curriculum development
both for pedagogical aspects and learning tasks
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