1,721,156 research outputs found
Formalizing REST APIs for web-based communication and SIP interworking
Full text linkSignificant research efforts for the convergence of Web and Telecommunication services have been recently spent by research and industry stakeholders. The IETF and W3C are cooperating in specifying how web browsers should evolve to natively support communication services. In this perspective, devising novel mechanisms for the signaling message exchange and possible interworking between Web- and SIP- based systems is a hot topic of research. Indeed, discussions are still ongoing on how differences between REpresentational State Transfer (REST) and Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) models should be coped with. This issue is made more difficult by the lack of rigorous modeling of RESTful systems. In this article we propose a rigorous approach for the design and implementation of REST communication services (e.g., a call service) which leverages formal verification techniques, while while allowing to meet a specific performance requirement (i.e. maximum call setup delay). First, we formalize the call resource behavior through a Finite State Machine representation by modeling and simulating service expected behavior and its interworking with SIP User Agents through a tool for the analysis of communicating state machines. Then, we use the model-checking capabilities offered by the tool for the verification of formal properties. Finally, we implement a prototype that, thanks to the previous formalization step, is shown to be functionally correct, while yielding acceptable performance
Inconsistency Detection in Natural Language Requirements using ChatGPT: a Preliminary Evaluation
No full textWith the rapid advancement of tools based on Artificial Intelligence, it is interesting to assess their usefulness in requirements engineering. In early experiments, we have seen that ChatGPT can detect inconsistency defects in natural language (NL) requirements, that traditional NLP tools cannot identify or can identify with difficulties even after domain-focused training. This study is devoted to specifically measuring the performance of ChatGPT in finding inconsistency in requirements. Positive results in this respect could lead to the use of ChatGPT to complement existing requirements analysis tools to automatically detect this important quality criterion. For this purpose, we consider GPT-3.5, the Generative Pretrained Transformer language model developed by OpenAI. We evaluate its ability to detect inconsistency by comparing its predictions with those obtained from expert judgments by students with a proven knowledge of RE issues on a few example requirements documents
Natural language processing of patents and technical documentation
No full textNatural Language Processing techniques for text-mining and information retrieval are finding application in the analysis of many kinds of documentation, from technical documentation to World Wide Web. Particularly, Functional Analysis techniques are based on the extraction of the interactions between the entities described in the document: these interactions are expressed as Subject-Action-Object (SAO) triples (obtainable using a suitable syntactic parser) which represent a concept in its most synthesizing form. In this work, the techniques developed for a functional analysis of patents and their implementation in the PAT-Analyzer tool are presented. The same technique has been properly tailored and applied to the analysis of software requirements documents. Current work in the direction of the development of a SAO-based Content Analysis of technical documentation is presented. © Springer-Verlag 2004
Hacking an Ambiguity Detection Tool to Extract Variation Points: an Experience Report
Full text linkNatural language (NL) requirements documents can be a precious source to identify variability information. This information can be later used to define feature models from which different systems can be instantiated. In this paper, we are interested in validating the approach we have recently proposed to extract variability issues from the ambiguity defects found in NL requirement documents. To this end, we single out ambiguities using an available NL analysis tool, QuARS, and we classify the ambiguities returned by the tool by distinguishing among false positives, real ambiguities, and variation points.
We consider three medium sized requirement documents from different domains, namely, train control, social web, home automation. We report in this paper the results of the assessment. Although the validation set is not so large, the results obtained are quite uniform and permit to draw some interesting conclusions.
Starting from the results obtained, we can foresee the tailoring of a NL analysis tool for extracting variability from NL requirement documents
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Requirement engineering of software product lines: Extracting variability using NLP
Full text linkThe engineering of software product lines begins with the identification of the possible variation points. To this aim, natural language (NL) requirement documents can be used as a source from which variability-relevant information can be elicited. In this paper, we propose to identify variability issues as a subset of the ambiguity defects found in NL requirement documents. To validate the proposal, we single out ambiguities using an available NL analysis tool, QuARS, and we classify the ambiguities returned by the tool by distinguishing among false positives, real ambiguities, and variation points, by independent analysis and successive agreement phase. We consider three different sets of requirements and collect the data that come from the analysis performed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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