1,720,956 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Genomic analysis of B-lactam resistance mechanisms in « Streptococcus pneumoniae »
No full textStreptococcus pneumoniae est le pathogène bactérien le plus important des voies respiratoires (pneumonie, bronchite et otite moyenne) chez les adultes et les enfants. Cette bactérie est responsable d’une morbidité et une mortalité importantes. Bien que la pénicilline présente une activité contre de nombreux isolats de S. pneumoniae, la résistance à cet antibiotique est aujourd'hui, fréquemment rencontrés à la fois à l'hôpital et dans la communauté. La résistance à la pénicilline chez Streptococcus pneumoniae est causée par un bloc de gènes codant pour des versions altérées de protéines liant la pénicilline (PLP). Néanmoins, S. pneumoniae a également développé des mécanismes de résistance à la pénicilline indépendants des PLPs altérées. L'objectif principal de cette thèse était d’utiliser des approches génomiques pour comprendre le génotype et le phénotype de résistance aux ß-lactamines chez S. pneumoniae. Le travail présenté dans cette thèse a indiqué que des mutations dans les PLPs ne sont pas suffisantes pour obtenir une résistance de haut niveau à la pénicilline et au céfotaxime. Cette étude a indiqué également que la sélection de la résistance à la pénicilline chez S. pneumoniae peut impliquer l’acquisition de mutations conférant une tolérance à l’accumulation d’oxydants causée par les antibiotiques. Cette tolérance peut se traduire par une augmentation de la survie qui permet possiblement la sélection des déterminants majeurs de résistance tels que des mutations dans les PLPs. Dans le cas des souches cliniques résistantes à la pénicilline, nous présentons également un nouveau rôle pour une alpha-amylase cytoplasmique conférant une résistance modérée à la pénicilline en présence d'altération des PLPs. Par ailleurs, nos travaux sur la résistance au céfotaxime chez S. pneumoniae a permis la découverte de nouveaux gènes impliquées dans la résistance au céfotaxime, y compris les gènes spr1333, spr0981, spr1704 et spr1098 qui codent respectivement pour un peptidoglycan GlcNAc déacetylase, une glycosyltransférase, un transporteur ABC et une sortase. Nos travaux génomiques ont permis de découvrir de nouveaux gènes de résistance aux β-lactamines chez S. pneumoniae.Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most important bacterial pathogen of the respiratory tract (pneumonitis, bronchitis and otitis media) in adults and children resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. Although penicillin shows activity against many isolates of S. pneumoniae, resistance to this antibiotic is now frequently encountered, both at the hospital and in the community. Penicillin resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae is mediated by a mosaic of genes encoding altered penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs). Nonetheless, S. pneumoniae has also developed non-PBP mechanisms implicated in penicillin resistance. The principal objective of this thesis was to use global sequencing approaches to understand ß-lactam resistance genotype and phenotype in S. pneumoniae. The work presented in this thesis indicated that mutations in PBPs are not sufficient to achieve high level resistance to penicillin and cefotaxime. This study also indicates that the selection of resistance to penicillin in S. pneumoniae involves the acquisition of mutations conferring tolerance to the antibiotic-induced accumulation of oxidants. This tolerance can translate into an increased survival that putatively enables the selection of major resistance determinants such as mutations in PBPs. In the case of clinical isolates, we also report a new role for a cytoplasmic alpha amylase in conferring moderate resistance to penicillin in the presence of altered PBPs. Furthermore, our works on cefotaxime resistance has allowed the discovery of novel cefotaxime resistance genes in S. pneumoniae including spr1333, spr0981, spr1704 and spr1098 coding respectively for a peptidoglycan GlcNAc deacetylase, a glycosyltransferase, an ABC transporter, and a sortase were implicated in resistance to cefotaxime. Our genomic approaches were useful to discover novel β-lactam resistance genes in S. pneumoniae
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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