1,926 research outputs found
Sectoral allocation by gender of Latin American workers over the liberalization period of the 1990s
Full text linkThe recent restructuring of Latin American economies has renewed interest in the effects of trade liberalization, on labor markets, and on the gender division of labor. The author does not attempt to establish casuality between economic reforms, and the types of jobs that men and women hold. Instead, she provides a detailed description of the trends in male, and female formal, and informal sector participation during the economic reform period in Argentina, Brazil, and Costa Rica. The author first compares the gender composition of the formal, informal wage, and self-employment sectors in a year before reforms (1988 for Argentina, 1989 for Brazil, and Costa Rica), and a year after reforms implementation (1997 for Argentina, 1995 for Brazil and Costa Rica). Although women continued to be more likely than men to work in the informal wage sector, there is no trend of"masculinization"or"feminization"of the informal sector, or any other. Instead, in Argentina men have overtaken women as the most prevalent workers in the informal wage sector, while in Brazil, the opposite has occurred (as men move into self-employment). In Costa Rica there have been no statistical, observable changes. The author then considers the distribution across sectors within each gender group, to identify whether men, and women are more likely to select different sectors in the post-reform period relative to the pre-reform period. Among both men, and women in all three countries (except Brazilian men), workers have become more likely to hold informal wage jobs, and less likely to hold formal sector jobs. Trends in human capital accumulation explain these changes for both men, and women, while changes in gender roles, primarily in homecare and marriage, do not seem to have an effect.Health Monitoring&Evaluation,Labor Policies,Population&Development,Public Health Promotion,Environmental Economics&Policies,Health Monitoring&Evaluation,Environmental Economics&Policies,Population&Development,Banks&Banking Reform,Work&Working Conditions
Respiratory muscle rest therapy restore pulmonary function of progressive congenital myopathy-a case report.
No full textModulation of Gene Expression of Rabbit Chondrocytes by Dynamic Compression in Polyurethane Scaffolds with Collagen Gel Encapsulation
No full textWhy liberalization alone has not improved agricultural productivity in Zambia : the role of asset ownership and working capital constraints
Full text linkThe authors use a large panel data set from Zambia to examine factors that could explain the relatively lackluster performance of the country's agricultural sector after liberalization. Zambia's liberalization significantly opened the economy but failed to alter the structure of productionor help realize efficiency gains. They reach two main conclusions. First, not owning productive assets (in Zambia, draft animals and implements) limits improvements in agricultural productivity and household welfare. Owning oxen increases income directly, allows farmers to till their fields efficiently when rain is delayed, increases the area cultivated, and improves access to credit and fertilizer markets. Second, the authors reject the hypothesis that the application of fertilizer is unprofitable because of high input prices. Rather, fertilizer use appears to have declined because of constraints on supplies, which government intervention exacerbated instead of alleviating. (Extending the use of fertilizer to the many producers not currently using it would be profitable, but increasing the amount applied by the few producers who now have access to it would not be.) Policies to foster accumulation of the assets needed for agricultural production (including draft animals and implements) and to provide complementary public goods (education, credit, and good agricultural extension services) could greatly help reduce poverty and improve productivity.Economic Theory&Research,Environmental Economics&Policies,Labor Policies,Banks&Banking Reform,Agricultural Knowledge&Information Systems,Environmental Economics&Policies,Economic Theory&Research,Banks&Banking Reform,Agricultural Knowledge&Information Systems,Agricultural Research
Electrical properties of single and multiple poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) nanowires for sensing nitric oxide gas
No full textNRF2 suppresses Hh signaling through PTCH1 and primary ciliogenesis via p62.
No full textDeletion of NRF2 down-regulated PTCH1, increased primary cilia formation, and activated Hh signaling, all of which can be reversed by NRF2 up-regulation. Moreover, NRF2 suppressed primary cilia formation through p62-dependent aggresome formation and blockage of BBS4 ciliary entrance. ARE, antioxidant response element; BBS4, Bardet–Biedl syndrome 4; FL, full-length activator; Hh, hedgehog; LC3, microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B; NRF2, nuclear factor-erythroid 2-like 2; OFD1, oral–facial–digital syndrome 1; PTCH1, Patched 1; R, repressor; sMAF, small MAF Transcription Factor; SMO, smoothened; SUFU, suppressor of fused homolog.</p
Modeling Surface Brightness of the HH 901 Jets in the Carina Nebula
No full textabstract: The purpose of this thesis is to accurately simulate the surface brightness in various spectral emission lines of the HH 901 jets in the Mystic Mountain Formation of the Carina Nebula. To accomplish this goal, we gathered relevant spectral emission line data for [Fe II] 12660 Å, Hα 6563 Å, and [S II] 6720 Å to compare with Hubble Space Telescope observations of the HH 901 jets presented in Reiter et al. (2016). We derived the emissivities for these lines from the spectral synthesis code Cloudy by Ferland et al. (2017). In addition, we used WENO simulations of density, temperature, and radiative cooling to model the jet. We found that the computed surface brightness values agreed with most of the observational surface brightness values. Thus, the 3D cylindrically symmetric simulations of surface brightness using the WENO code and Cloudy spectral emission models are accurate for jets like HH 901. After detailing these agreements, we discuss the next steps for the project, like adding an external ambient wind and performing the simulations in full 3D
Diagram of a ventilator system including the inlet tube of the HH (A), the HH (B), inspiratory limb (C), Y-adapter (D), 15-cm corrugated tube (E), and the expiratory limb (F).
No full textDiagram of a ventilator system including the inlet tube of the HH (A), the HH (B), inspiratory limb (C), Y-adapter (D), 15-cm corrugated tube (E), and the expiratory limb (F).</p
Lithium chloride represses Hh signaling activity.
No full text<p>(A) Real-time PCR analysis of mRNA expression levels of components of the Hh signaling pathway in PANC-1 cells treated with different concentrations of LiCl for 24 h. Data (Mean ± SEM) were representative of three independent experiments. <i>P</i> values are indicated by asterisks (relative to control): *<i>P</i><0.05, **<i>P</i><0.01, ***<i>P</i><0.001. (B) GLI-luciferase activities in AsPC-1 cells transfected with GLI-luciferase reporter and treated with different concentrations of LiCl for 18 h. Data (Mean ± SEM) were representative of three independent experiments. <i>P</i> values are indicated by asterisks (relative to control): *<i>P</i><0.05, **<i>P</i><0.01, ***<i>P</i><0.001.</p
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