1,720,964 research outputs found
Impact of mild oven cooking treatments on carotenoids and tocopherols of cheddar and depurple cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L. var. Botrytis)
Full text linkThe effect of steam and sous-vide oven procedures on liposoluble antioxidants of colored cauliflower (orange and purple) was assessed for the first time and compared with domestic practice (boiling). In raw samples, the total carotenoid content was 10-fold higher in Cheddar than in Depurple (20.9 ± 2.1 vs. 2.3 ± 0.5 mg/kg dry weight), whereas the level of tocopherols was similar (28.5 ± 4.4 vs. 33 ± 5.2 mg/kg dry weight). The Cheddar liposoluble antioxidant matter contained violaxanthin, neoxanthin, α-carotene and δ-tocopherol, not detected in Depurple. All tests increased the bioactive compounds extractability with steam oven and sous-vide displaying similar effects, lower than boiling. In boiled Cheddar cauliflower, the total carotenoids and tocopherols contents increased with cooking time until they were 13-fold and 6-fold more than in raw cauliflower, respectively. Conversely, in the Depurple variety, contents increased by half with respect to the orange variety. However, from a nutritional point of view, no differences were revealed among the three different cooking treatments in terms of vitamin A and E levels expressed in μg/100 g of fresh vegetable because of the higher water content of boiled samples that must be considered when evaluating the effect of thermal treatment on cauliflower nutritional traits
Phenolic compounds and glucosinolates composition of cauliflower and broccoli byproducts puree after the lactic acid fermentation
No full textThis study aimed to investigate the composition of phenolic compounds and glucosinolates in cauliflower and broccoli byproduct purees after fermentation with two selected strains of Lactiplantibacillus (Lp.) plantarum. UHPLC-HRMS (Q-Orbitrap) was used to analyze semi-targeted metabolic differences between non-fermented and Lp. plantarum-fermented byproducts. The fermentation process resulted in a reduction of glycoside phenolic compounds, such as kaempferol glucoside, and a decrease in phenolic acids like caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, protocatechuic acid, quinic acid, and methyl gallate. Increased levels of deglycosylated or newly formed metabolites such as kaempferol, were observed. Additionally, dihydrocaffeic acid and phloretic acid were identified, likely formed from the conversion of caffeic and p-coumaric acids during fermentation. The percentage of glucosinolates remaining after fermentation averaged 79 %, and differences in the preservation of glucosinolates were observed between the two Lp. plantarum strains used. Overall, the study confirmed the modification of phenolic compounds and the preservation of glucosinolates after fermentation with Lp. plantarum
The Determination of Triacylglycerols and Tocopherols Using UHPLC–CAD/FLD Methods for Assessing the Authenticity of Coffee Beans
Full text linkThe authenticity of coffee beans was addressed in this study using an analytical method
with minimal sample preparation to achieve simple oil extraction and through the implementation of
cost-effective equipment. For this purpose, methods using UHPLC with CAD and FLD detectors were
applied to detect triglycerides and tocopherols in coffee, respectively. The coffee samples included
two main varieties: Arabica from Brazil, Colombia, Ethiopia, and Uganda, as well as the Robusta
variety from Cambodia, Guatemala, India, and Vietnam. The samples were either in their green state
or subjected to different roasting levels. The used methods successfully distinguished the Arabica and
Robusta variants targeted in this study based on their tocopherols and TAG profiles, with the latter
being particularly effective for discriminating the origins of the Arabica coffee, while tocopherols
excelled at differentiating the origin of the Robusta coffee. TAGs and tocopherols were not affected
by the type of roasting, from medium to very dark, suggesting it is possible to distinguish between
coffee varieties independently from their degree of roasting. The obtained results hold valuable
implications for future research regarding coffee fraud and authenticity
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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