177,237 research outputs found
Photograph of a 1913 Toledo Area map
No full textA black and white photograph of a map ""showing site up on which the city of Toledo was located in 1837"" The map was created for the Swan Creek Commission by Edward O. Fallis in 1913. The photo was taken by Charles F. Mensing around 1913. The photo is a glass plate negative
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
A pericyclic-based approach to the total synthesis of retigeranic acid A.
No full textThe preparation of a key synthetic intermediate for the total synthesis of retigeranic acid A (1) through the use an intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction is described. Our approach to retigeranic acid A involved two key building blocks, a trans-hydrindane 52 and a unique tricyclic ketone 51. The building block 52 has been successfully synthesized in the Fallis laboratory, but the synthesis of 51 by an intermolecular Diels-Alder has been difficult. A new route to 51 was devised, involving the use of an intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction. The synthesis started with the preparation of the ketone ester 76 in three steps from commercially available (R)-(+)-pulegone in a 46% yield. Alkylation of 76 with the tosylate 78, followed by oxidative bond cleavage generated the diketone ester 80 in an overall yield of 44%. An intramolecular aldol-condensation and subsequent reduction produced the diol 72. A selective DCC coupling with 2-chlorocrylic acid afforded the dienophile-alcohol 71 in a yield of 46%. A variety of methods were investigated for the dehydation of the alcohol to the diene 70. In the final synthetic route, 71 was quantitatively oxidized with activated MnO\sb2 to the ketone 109. The kinetic enolate of 109 was trapped using collidine and triisopropylsilyltrifluoromethanesulfonate, producing the desired diene 110 as a 1:1 mixture. This unstable compound, when heated in a refluxing 10 mole % solution of hydroquinone in benzene, underwent the desired intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction to give the adduct 112 in a yield of 64%.* ftn*Please refer to the dissertation for diagrams
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
A pericyclic-based approach to the total synthesis of retigeranic acid A.
No full textThe preparation of a key synthetic intermediate for the total synthesis of retigeranic acid A (1) through the use an intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction is described. Our approach to retigeranic acid A involved two key building blocks, a trans-hydrindane 52 and a unique tricyclic ketone 51. The building block 52 has been successfully synthesized in the Fallis laboratory, but the synthesis of 51 by an intermolecular Diels-Alder has been difficult. A new route to 51 was devised, involving the use of an intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction. The synthesis started with the preparation of the ketone ester 76 in three steps from commercially available (R)-(+)-pulegone in a 46% yield. Alkylation of 76 with the tosylate 78, followed by oxidative bond cleavage generated the diketone ester 80 in an overall yield of 44%. An intramolecular aldol-condensation and subsequent reduction produced the diol 72. A selective DCC coupling with 2-chlorocrylic acid afforded the dienophile-alcohol 71 in a yield of 46%. A variety of methods were investigated for the dehydation of the alcohol to the diene 70. In the final synthetic route, 71 was quantitatively oxidized with activated MnO\sb2 to the ketone 109. The kinetic enolate of 109 was trapped using collidine and triisopropylsilyltrifluoromethanesulfonate, producing the desired diene 110 as a 1:1 mixture. This unstable compound, when heated in a refluxing 10 mole % solution of hydroquinone in benzene, underwent the desired intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction to give the adduct 112 in a yield of 64%.* ftn*Please refer to the dissertation for diagrams
Mrs. R. H. Wetherby and daughter
No full textMrs. R. H. Wetherby and daughter, Lindy, of Palisades Parks, N. J., are visiting her parents, Mr. and Mrs. L. D. Fallis, and will be here through Christmas when Mr. Wetherby will join them.https://mavmatrix.uta.edu/specialcollections_startelegram1950s/16088/thumbnail.jp
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Letter from R. R. Zellick, Assistant Trust Officer, Anglo California National Bank of San Francisco, to Joseph R. Goodman, October 2, 1942
No full textLetter from R. R. Zellick, Assistant Trust Officer at The Anglo California National Bank of San Francisco, to Joseph R. Goodman, regarding property owned by Dave Tatsuno. Zellick mentions a dispute between current tenants and Tatsuno, and that Tatsuno has asked Goodman to help locate trustworthy tenants.Personal correspondence, organizational records, government documents, publications, and other papers created or collected by Joseph R. Goodman documenting the forced removal and incarceration of Japanese Americans during World War II, as well as organized resistance to incarceration. Included in the collection are records of the Japanese Young Men's Christian Association and the Japanese American Citizens' League in San Francisco, including papers of the Japanese YMCA's executive secretary Lincoln Kanai; Sakai family papers; Goodman's correspondence to and from Japanese American incarcerees, organizations opposing forced removal and incarceration of Japanese Americans, the War Relocation Authority, and others; publications, photographs, and ephemera from the Topaz Relocation Center, where Goodman taught high school; War Relocation Authority records and publications; and newspaper clippings, pamphlets, and reports about forced removal and incarceration created by various government, religious, and civic organizations, in California and nationwide
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Influence of ligand backbone flexibility in group 4 metal complexes of tetradentate mixed tertiary amine/alkoxide ligands
No full textSimple epoxide ring opening chemistry using the cyclic secondary amine 1,4-diazacycloheptane or the related linear species N,N'-dimethylethylenediamine, and racemic (+/-) -3,3-dimethyl-1,2-epoxybutane gives access to the pendant alcohol functionalised ditertiary amine pro-ligands [HOCH(Bu-t)CH2N(R)CH2](2) (H2L1:R-2=CH2CH2CH2; H2L2:R-2=Me-2). The contrasting reactions of H2L1 and H2L2 towards homoleptic group 4 alkoxides highlight the crucial role of ligand backbone flexibility in complex formation. Thus, the chemistry of the more conformationally rigid system (L-1)(2-) appears to be constrained by the cyclic ligand core, such that it adopts a bridging (mu(2):eta(2), eta(2)) mode of coordination towards Ti(IV), leading to dinuclear metal systems [e.g. (LTi2)-Ti-1((OPr)-Pr-i)(6)]. By contrast, the more flexible linear system (L-2)(2-) binds to both Ti(IV) and Zr(IV) in a chelating fashion leading, for example, to the synthesis of the C-2 symmetric mononuclear complex rac-(LTi)-Ti-2((OPr)-Pr-i)(2). Thus, a simple synthesis of diastereomerically pure, C-2 symmetric, geometrically cis octahedral Ti(IV) complexes from racemic precursors is presented
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