305,250 research outputs found
Cheiloneurus claviger Thomson 1876
No full text33. Cheiloneurus claviger Thomson, 1876 Host associations in Iran. Sphaerolecanium prunastri on prunaceous trees (Talebi et al. 2009; Fallahzadeh & Japoshvili 2010), Eulecanium tiliae on Prunus dulcis and E. rugulosum on Pistacia atlantica (Fallahzadeh et al. 2016). Distribution in Iran. Razavi Khorasan (Talebi et al. 2009), Fars (Fallahzadeh & Japoshvili 2010; Fallahzadeh et al. 2016). General distribution. Palaearctic and Oriental regions.Published as part of Fallahzadeh, Majid & Japoshvili, George, 2017, An updated checklist of Iranian Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea), pp. 1-46 in Zootaxa 4344 (1) on page 9, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4344.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/104221
Chrysura izadiae Strumia & Fallahzadeh, sp. nov.
No full textChrysura izadiae Strumia & Fallahzadeh sp. nov. (Figs 1 –2, 9– 17) Material examined. Holotype, ♂, IRAN, Fars Province, Kherameh (29 º 30 ' 51 "N, 53 ° 18 ' 40 "E), 27.04.2013; leg. E. Izadi (L = 6.9 mm) (Pisa University Natural History Museum collection, Italy). Paratypes: 2 ♂♂, the same label as holotype but 19.04. 2013 (L = 6.1 and 6.5 mm respectively) (F. Strumia collection); 1 ♂, the same label as holotype but 9.04. 2013 (L = 6.2 mm) (F. Strumia collection); 1 ♀, Kherameh (29 º 30 ' 42 "N, 53 ° 18 ' 55 "E), 31.05.2013; leg. E. Izadi (L = 7.1 mm) (F. Strumia collection); 1 ♂, Darab (28 º 51 'N, 54 ° 18 'E), 14.05.2013; leg. M. Khosroabadi (L = 6.8 mm) (Jahrom branch, Islamic Azad University collection, Department of Entomology, Fars, Iran). Diagnosis. Chrysura izadiae sp. nov. differs from all known species of Ch. dichroa species - group by the entirely green - blue body colour. The punctures on metasoma dorsum are as in Ch. laevigata. The interspaces are smooth and Ch. izadiae sp. nov. is more shining than other species of the group. In addition, the scutellar punctures are clearly double and the median carina on S 1 is evidenced as a stripe of very fine punctures (Fig. 17). Description. Head. Head transverse, larger than pronotum; L/w= 2.5 (2.3 in ♀ paratype); malar space 2.0 MOD long; subantennal space 1.1 MOD long (1.2 in ♀ paratype); mandible dark brown and metallic blue basally on external side, with additional tooth distally; face with uniform fine punctures and few sparse white setae about 2 MOD long; clypeus short with fine punctures and central hump (Fig 13, 14); angle between ocelli about 90 º; vertex with erect sparse black setae about 2.0 MOD long; antenna with relative length of P:F 1:F 2 = 1: 2: 1 (1: 2.2: 1 in ♀ paratype); F 1 L/w= 3.5 (3.4 in ♀ paratype); gena longer than wide with few long white setae (Fig. 14); F 2 –F 5 bulging ventrally in male (Fig. 1). Mesosoma. Pronotal anteromedial groove weak; propodeal angle triangular, backward directed; mesonotum dorsum closely punctate, PD= 0.4 MOD, PS = 0.2 PD; punctures double, sparser on scutellum; metanotum evenly rounded and shorter than scutellum; legs metallic blue; tarsus brown; wing hyaline, veins dark brown; radial cell close; tegula dark blue; in male pronotum deeply concave laterally, with anterior angle acute (Fig. 1). Metasoma. T 1 and T 2 closely punctate, PD= 0.2 MOD, on T 2 smaller and sparser distally, interpuncture intervals smooth and shining dorsally; distal border and central carina of T 1 finely punctate (Fig. 17); punctures on T 3 double; pit row of about 10 pits. Male genital capsule (Figs 9–11) with general shape of Ch. dichroa species - group (Figs 3–8). Also S 8 in agreement with genus Chrysura (Fig. 11). Colour. Head uniform blue (Fig. 1); antenna black with scape, pedicel and F 1 metallic blue - green (Figs 1, 14); leg metallic blue; tarsus brown; wing hyaline, veins black; tegula dark blue; ventrally metallic green; black spots of S 2 rectangular and well separated, touching lateral border. Sexual dimorphism. Male and female of Ch. izadiae sp. nov. differ for following features: pronotum of male is deeply concaved laterally (Fig. 1); apical margin of T 3 of male is weakly incised to an obtuse angle and of the same green colour of T 1 and T 2; distal margin of T 3 of female evenly round and with metallic pink - red colour, contrasting with the rest of terga (Figs 12, 17); female paratype more greenish in colour on anterior part of mesosoma and metasoma dorsally (Figs 1–2). Distribution and phenology. Iran (Fars). Five specimens were collected in a Punica granatum (Lythraceae) garden, located on northern border of Kherameh town. Male paratype was found in a Citrus spp. (Rutaceae) garden from Darab. Both sites have an altitude of about 1600 m above sea level. Chrysura izadiae sp. nov. was captured in spring: males in middle April and female at the end of May. Average body length: ♂♂: L= 6.5 mm (SD= 0.16 mm); ♀ paratype: L= 7.1 mm; average body length of all ♂ and ♀: L= 6.6 mm (SD= 0.4 mm). Males are smaller than female for about 3 standard deviations. Etymology. The species is named after Elaheh Izadi, who collected the holotype. Comments. Chrysura izadiae sp. nov., is not the only species from Iran with a uniform blue - green body colour. Chrysura genalis (Mocsáry, 1887) and the recently described Ch. baiocchii (Rosa, 2013) are also entirely metallic green. Male genital capsule of the new species is similar to that of Ch. laevigata and quite different from Ch. genalis and Ch. baiocchii as illustrated by Radoszkowski (1889) and Rosa and Lotfalizadeh (2013). Rosa and Lotfalizadeh (2013) proposed a new species - group for Ch. baiocchii based on modified metasomal internal segments, in particular sclerotized T 4–6. In addition, punctation of metasoma of Ch. izadiae sp. nov. differs, being larger and sparser in Ch. baiocchii, as shown in Rosa & Lotfalizadeh (2013: Fig. 2) and in Figs 2, 16 of present paper. Additional material studied. Chrysura filiformis (Mocsáry, 1889), ♂♂, ♀♀ from Italy and Syria, Ch. dichroa (Dahlbom, 1854) from Italy and Greece, Ch. laconiae (Arens, 2001) from Greece, Ch. lydiae (Mocsáry, 1889) from Italy and Greece, Ch. laevigata (Abeille de Perrin, 1879) from Italy and Syria, Ch. pseudodichroa (Linsenmaier, 1959) from Greece and Turkey, and Ch. genalis (Mocsáry, 1887), ♂, ♀ from Iran (Fars).Published as part of Strumia, Franco, Fallahzadeh, Majid & Izadi, Elaheh, 2016, Chrysura izadiae sp. nov., a new cuckoo wasp (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae) from Southern Iran, pp. 281-285 in Zootaxa 4061 (3) on pages 282-285, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4061.3.7, http://zenodo.org/record/25716
Pterocheilus persicus Gusenleitner & Fallahzadeh & Haghighi & Dousti 2013, nov.sp.
No full textPterocheilus persicus GUSENLEITNER & FALLAHZADEH nov.sp. (Figs 1-4) H o l o t y p e: Iran, Fars, Larestan, 870m, 27°32’N 54°22’E, ♀, 5.7.201 2, leg. A. Falahatpishe, coll. OLM. P a r a t y p e s: Iran, Fars, Niriz, 1795m, 29°16’N 54°19’E, ♀, 16.9.201 2, leg. M. Khosroabadi; Fars, Darab-Fathol Mobin, 1511m, 28°40’N 54°50’E, ♀, 8.7.291 2, leg. A. Haghighi; both coll. Dept. Entom., Jahrom Branch, Islamic Azad Univ., Jahrom, Iran. D i a g n o s i s: Pterocheilius persicus (fig. 1) is similar to Pterocheilus dives RADOSZKOWSKI 1876 (fig. 5), but differs in colouration; the pronotum is longer, the first tergite is stronger and the second sternite is more densely punctured than in P. dives. The occipital carina is lamellated in P. persicus. D e s c r i p t i o n: Primary colour black, with yellow colouring distributed as follows: mandibles nearly completely, labrum, clypeus (except for translucent anterior margin), and orbital bands from sinus to clypeus; one small dot above the antennae; antennal scape except for apical end; big dots present on the temples and the dorsal surface of the pronotum; patches on the upper part of the mesopleurae; tegulae except for the translucent margins and the disk; two dots on scutellum; a transverse band on postscutellum; claps on the sides of the scutellum and postscutellum present to tegulae; two patches on the metanotum; legs (the base of femora III and the trochanters black except for small yellow dots); broad, laterally enlarged apical bands on first and second tergites; a bisinuate narrow band on third tergite; tergites 4 to 6 totally, and the first sternite and other sternites almost completely yellow. Three red spots present in the middle of second sternite (fig. 4). Wings pale, with dusky radial cells. Clypeus (fig. 2) much broader than long (5,0: 3,0) and the straight „emargination“ is longer than distance between the antennal grooves. Disc of clypeus strongly punctured; spaces between the dots are glossy and similar in size to the punctures. Clypeus covered with microscopical white pubescence. Frons very densely punctured with small spots. Vertex and temples slightly punctured. On pronotum, mesonotum, mesopleurae and scutellum the dots are coarser and fewer than on the face. The posterior part of postscutellum has no punctures. Lateral edges of pronotum with spikes. Mesonotum has a prescutal furrow (extending from scutellum to close to middle of mesonotum). Propodeum sides rounded and uniformly punctured; only the lower part of each side is finely cross-striped. Discs of tegulae and legs glossy, without punctures. Dots on the first tergite (fig. 3) not as coarse as those on mesonotum; the intervals between the dots have microscopical dots. Second tergite has a few, not very coarse, microscopical dots. Tergites 3 to 6 also have fine microsopical dots. Sternites 2 to 6 glossy, with scattered punctures (fig. 4). Head and thorax with long, wavy, white hairs; abdomen with only microscopical pubescence. Body length: 9 mm. Male unknown. Etymology: The name is derived from Persia, the area of origin.Published as part of Gusenleitner, J., Fallahzadeh, M., Haghighi, A. & Dousti, A. F., 2013, Two new species of Eumeninae from Iran (Hymenoptera: Vespidae), pp. 109-116 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 45 (1) on pages 109-110, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.452608
Holotachysphex iraniensis Schmid-Egger & Fallahzadeh, sp. nov.
No full textHolotachysphex iraniensis Schmid-Egger & Fallahzadeh sp. nov. (figs 1–4) Holotype: IRAN, 1 female 19.vii.2012 Fars Province, Darab, 1126 m, 28°42’N 54°34’E leg. A. Haghigi (CSE). — Paratypes: IRAN 1 female, 4.vi.2010 Kerman Province, Raziabad 1160 m 28°52’N 57°42’E, leg. M. Halada (OLL). 1 female 25.iv.2013 Fars Province, Jahrom 28°30'04"N 53°35'16"E 1053m NN, B. Majnon Jahromi leg. — 5 females 1.vii.2013, 9.vii.2013, 16.vi.2013, 16.vi.2013, 18.vi.2013, 1 male 9.VII.2013 Hormozgan Province, Sar Kahnan 27º24'N 57º07'E,T.Tavakoli leg., (CSE, Jahrom Branch, Islamic Azad University). Diagnosis. H. iraniensis is characterized by the triangular and narrow clypeal process apically pointed in 60° angle, in combination with depressions on terga I–III ivory-white. Otherwise it closely resembles H. holognathus by erect setae on the frons and tergum I, by the form of the apical portion of the clypeal lobe and by a simple mandible, without notch or emargination. It differs from the remaining species also by a sparser punctation with large impunctate interspaces on the scutellum and the hypoepimeral area. The clypeal lobe is narrower than in the remaining species. Annother difference is the hindtibial pubescens, short and sparse in H. iraniensis, and much longer and denser in H. holognatus (fig. 4 versus fig. 7) Description of female, holotype: Body length 8.5 mm. Colour: Black, with dark red to yellowish red on are: apical half of mandible except black apex, spot on scape apically below, apex of femora, outer surface of tibiae (mainly basally), tarsi. Tegula and wing base yellowish-transparent; wing venation yellowish except dark costa and brown in apical part of wing. Wing transparent. Apical depressions of terga I–III ivory-white, as long as 0.25–0.33 × tergal length, medially longer than laterally. Terga IV and V with transparent, somewhat pale apical portion. Pilosity silvery white: lower face with long and dense pilosity, setae as long as flagellar diameter, directed downwards. Vertex with erect setae, less dense but as long as or somewhat shorter than setae on lower face. Area around and below ocelli with sparser erect setae only. Mesosoma with more or less dense pilosity, similar to that of lower face. Legs with a few erect setae, mostly on femora below. Inner surface of tibae with fine and very short, velvet-like pubescence. Tergum I basolaterally with erect long pilosity, base of terga II–III and sternum II with denser pilosity, remaining abdominal segments with scattered and short setae. Morphology: Lower margin of mandible medially with obtuse angle. Clypeal process narrow, apex at about 60°. Frons with large and dense punctation, and some larger interspaces (punctures 1–2 diameters apart). Swelling between hindocellus and midocellus impunctate, space inbetween with small and dense punctation. All interspaces shiny. Vertex with dense punctation. Mesoscutum, scutellum and mesopleuron with same large punctation as frons, interspaces irregular (most punctures contiguous, some interspaces on mesoscutum and most interspaces on scutellum larger). Lower half of hypoepimeral area impunctate, with fine microsculpture. Propodeal dorsum reticulate, propodeum laterally with coarse horizontal ridges. Metasomal terga I–V with the same punctation as frons, punctures 0.2–2.0 × diameter apart. Apical tergal portions impunctate (half length of yellow band). Tergum VI smooth and shiny, impunctate. Foretarsal segments with short apical spines, shorter than tarsus width. Legs shiny and impunctate, only outer surface of mid- and hindtibiae with short and sparse spinulation. Paratypes agree with the holotype. Male. Body length 7.5 mm. Similar to female and differs by the following characters (other than sexual features): sterna II–VI entirely concave and with yellowish, short and velvet-like pubescence. Sternum VIII apically truncate, with lateral tooth, surface with triangular impression. Distribution. Southern Iran: Fars, Hormozgan and Kerman Provinces. Etymology. The name is derived from the country of origin, Iran.Published as part of Schmid-Egger, Christian, Fallahzadeh, Majid, Khosroabadi, Mahdi & Ljubomirov, Toshko, 2016, A new species of Holotachysphex de Beaumont, 1940 (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Crabronidae) from Iran with identification key to species, pp. 187-193 in Zootaxa 4169 (1) on page 189, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4169.1.11, http://zenodo.org/record/25641
Microterys hortulanus Erdos 1956
No full text114. Microterys hortulanus Erdös, 1956 Host associations in Iran. Sphaerolecanium prunastri on plum tree, Didesmococcus unifasciatus on Amygdalus, Eulecanium coryli [E. tiliae] on plum tree (Davoodi et al. 2002, 2004d), Coccidae on prune and almond (Lotfalizadeh, 2010b), E. tiliae on P. divaricate (Jalilvand et al. 2013), E. tiliae on Prunus dulcis (Fallahzadeh et al. 2016). Distribution in Iran. East Azarbaijan and Tehran (Davoodi et al. 2002, 2004d; Ebrahimi 2014), Tehran and Markazi (Lotfalizadeh 2010b), Kermanshah (Jalilvand et al. 2013), Fars (Fallahzadeh et al. 2016). General distribution. Palaearctic region.Published as part of Fallahzadeh, Majid & Japoshvili, George, 2017, An updated checklist of Iranian Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea), pp. 1-46 in Zootaxa 4344 (1) on page 22, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4344.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/104221
Solierella farsica Schmid-Egger & Fallahzadeh & Sadeghi 2021, sp. nov.
No full textSolierella farsica Schmid-Egger sp. nov. (Figs 2–4) Holotype: ♀ Iran, Fars prov., Kherameh (Dodej), 29º34’23’’N 52º59’42’’E, 1673 m, 14.–26.vii.2015, M. Sadeghi leg., in malaise trap (coll. ZSM) (as S. verhoeffi in Sadeghi et al. (2018). Diagnosis. Solierella farsica sp. nov. is characterized by a densely punctured episcrobal area in combination with small apical spots on the femora and a dull propodeal enclosure with only a few irregular striae. The species is also larger that most other species in the area. Description of female, holotype: Body length 6 mm. Colour: Black with the following parts whitish: Mandible except narrow black zone near base and red apex, band of pronotum (medially shortly interrupted), pronotal lobe, tegula, parts of basal sclerite of fore wing, metanotum, upper side of tibae, apex of femora, large bands on underside of fore- and midfemora, half as long as femoral length. Tarsi reddish, wing venation black, basally pale. Antenna black, AS 6 below with some red. Wings transparent. Apical tergal margins I–V with some red. Morphology: ACM widely rounded. Frons with dense punctation, interspaces dull. Vertex around ocelli with shiny interspaces, punctures 1–2 diameters apart. Mesonotum and scutellum with dense punctation, punctures 0.5–1 diameter apart. Mesopleuron with dense punctation, similar to that of mesonotum, episcrobal area with small impunctate and shiny area, as large as 4x size of midocellus. Foretarsus without spines. Propodeal enclosure in basal half with some longitudinal striae, in apical half with few irregular, but prominent striae, interspace grainlike, dull. Propodeum laterally with about 10 striae, interspaces shiny. Tergites with very fine and dense punctation. Male: Unknown. Distribution. Fars province in southern Iran. Etymology. The name is derived from the province of origin, Fars in Iran.Published as part of Schmid-Egger, Christian, Fallahzadeh, Majid & Sadeghi, Maryam, 2021, A review of Solierella Spinola, 1851 (Hymenoptera, Crabronidae) from Iran with description of four new species, pp. 101-113 in Zootaxa 4920 (1) on pages 105-106, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4920.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/447165
Pterocheilus persicus GUSENLEITNER & FALLAHZADEH 2013
No full text<i>Pterocheilus persicus</i> GUSENLEITNER 2013 <p> <i>Pterocheilus persicus</i> GUSENLEITNER & FALLAHZADEH 2013 - Linzer biol. Beitr. <b>45</b> (1): 109.</p> <p>V e r b r e i t u n g: Iran.</p>Published as part of <i>Gusenleitner, J., 2013, Die Gattungen der Eumeninae im Nahen Osten, in Nordafrika und in Arabien (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae), pp. 5-107 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 45 (1)</i> on page 74, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/4526087">10.5281/zenodo.4526087</a>
Eustenancistrocerus (Parastenancistrocerus) iranicus Gusenleitner & Fallahzadeh & Haghighi & Dousti 2013, nov.sp.
No full textEustenancistrocerus (Parastenancistrocerus) iranicus GUSENLEITNER nov.sp. (Figs 6-9) H o l o t y p e: Iran, Fars, Larestan, 870m, 27°32’N 54°22’E, 3, 30.11.201 2, leg. A. Falahatpishe, coll. OLM. P a r a t y p e s: Same data as holotype, 13; Iran, Fars, Darab, 1124m, 28°42’N 54°34’E, 233, leg. A. Haghighi; all in coll. Dept. Entom., Jahrom Branch, Islamic Azad Univ., Jahrom, Iran. D i a g n o s i s: This species belongs to the group of Eustenancistrocerus (Parastenancistrocerus) amadanensis (DE SAUSSURE 1863) and is very similar to Eustenancistrocerus (Parastenancistrocerus) khuzestanicus GIORDANI SOIKA 1970. But the species described here differs in the form of the last segments of the antennae (Giordani Soika 1970, p. 98) and the second tergite is simply truncate and not extendedly rounded (fig. 10). The occipital carina narrowly lamellated but in P. kuzhestanicus not lamellated. D e s c r i p t i o n: E. iranicus (fig. 6) is black with nearly white markings, distributed as follows: mandibles except for black teeth; labrum; clypeus; top part of face up to the ocelli; antennal scape; first and last segments of the flagellum; temples and pronotum completely; a dot on mesonotum in front of scutellum; mesopleurae nearly completely; tegulae except for two translucent dots and a translucent margin; parategulae; scutellum and postscutellum completely; two large and two small patches on each side of propodeum; legs; first tergite except for the front; an apical band on second tergite, attached to big patches at the sides; bisinuate apical bands on tergites 3 to 6; first and second sternites completely, and sternites 3 to 6 with bisinuate apical bands. Wings pale, without dusky parts. Clypeus (fig. 7) wider than long (2,2: 1,7), emargination flat (length: depth = 1,5: 0,3), and broader than distance between antennal grooves (length: depth = 1,5: 1,2). Clypeus coarse and densely punctured, except for a sparsely punctured, narrow band at the base. Puncturation of frons, vertex and temples similar to that of clypeus. Antennal scapes glossy, with only a few microscopical punctures. Last segment of flagellum long and narrow (fig. 1). Pronotum, mesonotum, scutellum and mesopleurae much more coarsely punctured than face. Frontal border between horizontal and vertical part of pronotum lamellated like occipital carina. Postscutellum very finely sculptured. Propodeum with coarse punctures, only the concavity shows microscopical striation. Tegulae and legs glossy, without punctures. Puncturation of first tergite very similar to that of scutellum; transverse carina with a central depression. Second tergite uniform and densely punctured. Third tergite densely punctured and indented in the middle (fig. 8, 10); other tergites more finely but not as densely punctured. In profile, second sternite flat, sloping steeply to the basal furrow, with dense, deep puncturation similar to that on second tergite. Tergites 3 to 7 more finely punctured than second tergite, with glossier intervals. The whole insect has a microscopical pubescense that is difficult to see. Body length: 5 mm. F e m a l e: unknown. E t y m o l o g y: The name is derived from the country of origin, Iran.Published as part of Gusenleitner, J., Fallahzadeh, M., Haghighi, A. & Dousti, A. F., 2013, Two new species of Eumeninae from Iran (Hymenoptera: Vespidae), pp. 109-116 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 45 (1) on pages 110-111, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.452608
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Isolation and characterization of metarhizium isolates from the soil of Afghanistan and their mycoinsecticide effects against subterranean termite (anacanthotermes vagans)
Get PDFThe entomopathogenic fungi are widely used as a biocontrol agent against many insect pests. In the present study, strains of Metarhizium were isolated and identified from Badakhshan province of Afghanistan. The taxonomic identity of the isolates was confirmed by molecular data, using (ITS) rDNA gene sequence, and morphology: Metarhizium robertsii and Metarhizium anisopliae. The virulence and the mass conidial production of these strains were compared with two Iranian isolates of Beauveria (B. bassiana and B. varroae) using four different raw substrates (broken rice, broken wheat, green gram, and saw dust) by solid-state fermentation. The M. robertsii strain had the highest total conidial yields obtained after 18 days on broken rice and the least conidial growth was observed on saw dust. For B. bassiana, the highest conidial yields were obtained after 18 days on green gram, and also like to M. robertsii, the least conidial growth was observed on saw dust. The conidia suspension was applied against subterranean termite, Anacanthotermes vagans, at four different concentrations (1×105, 1×106, 1×107, 1×108 conidia/ml-1). The highest mortality rate was obtained from 1×108 conidia/ml-1 for both M. robertsii and B. bassiana. In general, the indigenous isolate of M. robertsii was more virulent than B. bassiana while B. varroae had not effect on termites
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