1,720,961 research outputs found
Study of some epidemiological models : a case study of the hepatitis B's virus transmission in sub-Saharan Africa (Senegal)
No full textL'objectif de cette étude est la modélisation, la validation, l'analyse mathématique et la simulation de modèles de transmission de l'hépatite B en Afrique en général et au Sénégal en particulier. Nous proposons de nouveaux modèles bases sur les connaissances actuelles de l'histoire naturelle de la transmission du virus de l'hépatite B. Ainsi, nous présentons deux modèles de la transmission du VHB1, un modèle sans transmission verticale et un autre ou la transmission verticale de la maladie est prise en compte. Ce second modèle est justifié par la controverse, en ce qui concerne l'incidence des transmissions verticale ou périnatale au niveau de la zone Afrique ; entre d'une part, l'Organisation Mondiale de la Santé et d'autre part les spécialistes de l'hépatite B au Sénégal. Ces modèles, nous ont conduit à étudier des modèles épidémiologiques avec une diérentiabilitée, au niveau des susceptibles, et progression de stade pour les infectieux. Nous obtenons une analyse complète de la stabilité de ces modèles à l'aide des techniques de Lyapunov suivant la valeur du taux de reproduction de base R0. Ce qui nous conduit à l'étude d'un modèle épidémiologique beaucoup plus général qui englobe ceux proposés pour la modélisation de la transmission du virus de l'hépatite B. Nous illustrons à la fin de ce travail ces modèles par des simulations numériques. Ces dernières sont faites à partir de nos modèles confrontés aux données recueillies du programme de lutte contre l'épidémie de l'hépatite B au Sénégal et dans la littérature. Elles permettrons l'effet de la transmission verticale/périnatale du virus de l'hépatite B sur les politiques de Santé PubliqueWe propose new models based on the state of art and the epidemiology currently known from the transmission of the hepatitis B virus. Thus, we present two models of the transmission of Hepatitis Bvirus, a model without vertical transmission and another in which the vertical transmission of the disease is taken into account, This second model is justified by the controversy, with regard to the incidence of the vertical and perinatal transmission of the virus in some parts of Africa ; between the World Health Organization on one hand and hepatitis B's specialists in Senegal on the other hand. These models helped us to analyse epidemiological models with a differential susceptibility of the population, and stagged progression of infectious. We present a thorough analysis of the stability of the models using the Lyapunov techniques and obtain the basic reproduction ratio, R0 which allows into the study of general epidemiological models including those proposed for the transmission of the hepatitis B virus. Numerical simulations are done to illustrate the behaviour of the model, using data collected during the campaign against epidemic hepatitis B in Senegal and from published literature. These models enable the evaluation of the incidence of the vertical and perinatal transmission of the hepatitis B virus on the policies of Public Healt
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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