1,721,175 research outputs found
Rethinking Sustainable Development in the Age of Artificial Intelligence
Full text linkToday, artificial intelligence is being applied in areas ranging from public institutions to people’s everyday lives. Its pervasiveness makes it a protagonist of essential changes in society. In recent years, sustainable development has moved to the centre of public discourse and national and international planning. The UN defines sustainability as “meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs” and has developed the 2030 Agenda to achieve this objective (UN, 2015). AI’s ubiquity and relevance mean it can be either a facilitator or a barrier to sustainable development. In a paper published in Nature, Vinuesa and colleagues (2020) highlighted how AI can facilitate the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals but also pose a threat to their attainment. The importance of AI today requires a redefinition of the concept of sustainable development in order to protect areas that have become particularly sensitive to its proliferation. Therefore, reflection on how AI can contribute to achieving sustainable development should be in parallel with how AI redefines the dimensions of sustainable development. The dimensions worthy of attention identified in this work are Transparency, Autonomy, Democracy and Privacy
Natural Disasters and Preferences for the Environment: Evidence from the Impressionable Years
Full text linkDo generations affected by natural disasters during the critical years of adolescence and
early adulthood form different preferences towards the environment than generations who are
not? Consistent with the theories of social psychology, we show that an environmental shock
experienced during the impressionable years (18-25 years old) help shape positive environmental
preferences. Individuals tend not to change beliefs in response to natural disasters experienced
in other age ranges. Using information from the General Social Survey and World Values Survey,
we exploit yearly natural disasters variation both within the US and across countries to identify
these effects
Natural Disasters and Preferences for the Environment: Evidence from the Impressionable Years
Full text linkDo generations a ̇ected by natural disasters during the critical years of adolescence and early adulthood form di ̇erent preferences towards the environment than generations who are not? Consistent with the theories of social psychology, we show that an environmental shock experienced during the impressionable years (18-25 years old) help shape positive environmental preferences. Individuals tend not to change beliefs in response to natural disasters experienced in other age ranges. Using information from the General Social Survey and World Values Survey, we exploit yearly natural disasters variation both within the US and across countries to identify these effects
When Taekwondo Referees See Red, but It Is an Electronic System That Gives the Points
No full textPrevious studies in taekwondo have considered the use of the manual scoring system or the electronic system with only the use of the electronic body protector. The objective of this study was to analyze the relationship between the color protectors and success in 1,327 taekwondo matches from six World Grand Prix Series of two 4-year Olympic periods when electronic body and head protectors are used. In the total sample, the results did not show a relationship between the match outcome and the color of the protectors (p = 0.97, C = 0.001). For the individual six editions, the results showed a positive and strong relationship between wearing blue protectors and winning matches and one between wearing red protectors and winning matches (p = 0.001, C = 0.19; p = 0.001; C = 0.19). Regarding the weight categories, 8 and 5 of 48 showed higher percentages of blue and red winners, respectively. Regarding sex, male competitors showed a positive relationship between blue color and winning the match in 6 of 24 weight categories, and wearing red and winning the match was shown in 2 of 24 weight categories. Female competitors showed a positive relationship between blue color and winning the match in 2 of 24 weight categories, and wearing red and winning the match was shown in 3 of 24 weight categories. When it comes to the influence of being a seeded athlete, the results did show a significant confounding effect on the color of the protectors worn by the winner of the match in 2 of 13 weight categories in which a color effect was observed (p = 0.02, C = 0.28; p = 0.02, C = 0.28). In conclusion, wearing red does not provide a higher chance of winning the match. It seems that seeing red has a stronger effect than wearing red, especially in male contenders. Moreover, being a seeded athlete does not explain the result of the match. It seems that the introduction of the electronic helmet protector, in addition to the electronic body protector, made the scoring system more objective, decreasing the advantage of wearing red in winning matches
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Does the desire to remit foster integration? Evidence from migrants in Spain
Full text linkWe enquire empirically how migrants' desire to send remittances back home fosters integration at destination. Starting from a model by Stark and Dorn (2013) in which the aspiration to remit is shown to induce migrants to acquire costly host-country specific social and human capital in order to obtain higher income, we measure migrants' integration effort by social participation. Our results confirm the theoretical model
Political Islam, Internet Use and Willingness to Migrate: Evidence from the Arab Barometer
Full text linkThis paper investigates the relationship between political Islam, willingness to migrate and Internet use by exploiting the second (2010-2011) and the third (2012-2014) waves of the Arab Barometer. In an effort to explain individual-level willingness to migrate from the Arab world, it investigates the channel through which the more people support political Islam the less they are willing to migrate. At the same time, it explores the fact that the Internet could potentially act as a vehicle of political Islam. Indeed, our findings indicate that there exists a positive relationship between Internet use and individual-level willingness to migrate, while there exists a negative relationship between political Islam and individual-level willingness to migrate. The findings indicate also that there is no significant effect of Internet use on political Islam
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
- …
