1,720,989 research outputs found
Insegnare la simultanea dal francese all’italiano. La prosodia come rivelatore dell'apprendimento
Get PDFEnglish: Prosody is an essential element of oral discourse and exerts linguistic and paralinguistic functions both in the production and comprehension phase. Therefore, it is necessary that students in simultaneous interpreting acquire a sound competence in understanding the prosodic traits of the source-language speech and their interaction with the syntactic and semantic level. In the production phase, the appropriateness of prosody will determine, together with other factors, the adequacy, acceptability and usability of the interpreted speech. Drawing upon my teaching experience, I will try to show how the teacher can focus on the prosodic traits characterizing the information units which make up the interpreted speech and discuss them with students in order to get to the attitude (psychological and cognitive level) students adopt in tackling the challenging aspects of simultaneous interpreting. - Italian: La prosodia, elemento fondamentale del discorso orale, assolve a funzioni linguistiche e paralinguistiche sia nella fase di produzione sia in quella di comprensione. È pertanto necessario che gli studenti di interpretazione acquisiscano una buona competenza nella comprensione dei tratti prosodici del discorso in lingua di partenza e diventino consapevoli dell’interazione tra prosodia, sintassi e semantica. Nella fase di produzione, l’appropriatezza prosodica determinerà, insieme ad altri fattori, l’adeguatezza, l’accettabilità e la fruibilità del discorso interpretato. Attingendo all’esperienza didattica personale, tenterò di mostrare come il docente possa attirare l’attenzione degli studenti sui tratti prosodici che caratterizzano le diverse unità informative che costituiscono il discorso interpretato, perseguendo nel contempo l’obiettivo di far emergere l’atteggiamento (psicologico e cognitivo) che essi assumono durante l’esercizio di interpretazione simultanea
La voix de l’interprète, la parole des sans-voix
Get PDFAs in other countries, in Italy people suspected or accused of crime and witnesses are entitled to the assistance of an interpreter if they
do not speak or understand the language of the proceedings. The right to interpretation and translation is acknowledged as a “meta-right”,
i.e. a right which allows suspects, defendants and witnesses to exercise their fundamental rights, including the right to defence. The interpreter-mediated interaction taking place in the courtroom is the core of a series of actions which have an impact on the lives of those foreign-language speakers. The paper argues that, on one hand, the rules governing tape recording and the transcription of proceedings contribute to hiding the voice of foreign-language speakers, whereas, on the other, the quality of interpreting services may result in a discrepancy between what the participants in the interaction say and what is actually conveyed through interpreting. Under those circumstances, the dialogue between foreign-language speakers and the judicial institutions sounds like a verbal exchange between “voiceless” and “earless” interlocutors and leads to a fundamental question: what is the value of the "truth" established in the courtroom through interpreter- mediated interaction
Interprètes, contextes, situations : l’interprétation comme acte politique
No full textL’interprétation répond à des besoins de compréhension mutuelle qui surgissent au sein d’une communauté au niveau national ou international. Elle s’inscrit dans les différents contextes et situations qui caractérisent la vie des individus et donc de la société, ce qui implique un lien strict avec l’organisation et la vie de la « polis », de l’État. En ce sens l’interprétation se place dans le politique et le social, acquérant de cette manière une valeur d’acte politique. L’observation des conditions qui déterminent la nécessité de recourir à l’interprétation permet de distinguer entre un niveau supra-ordonné et un niveau subordonné. Le premier est le cadre historico-politique et spatio-temporel où naissent les besoins de communication interlinguistique et qui influence et oriente les services d’interprétation; le deuxième est le niveau de l’interprète, en tant qu’individu qui « choisit » quoi et pour qui traduire et dont l’engagement personnel permet de satisfaire ces mêmes besoins. Pour montrer l’imbrication de ces deux niveaux et mettre au jour la valeur politique de l’acte d’interprétation, nous nous pencherons sur l’interprétation dans le domaine judiciaire – en nous bornant à la situation en Italie – et sur l’interprétation en situation de conflit armé. Ces deux contextes s’avèrent emblématiques et capables de faire ressortir de manière percutante le caractère politique de la fonction d’interprète et de l’acte d’interprétation, à cause des conséquences qu’ils ont sur la vie des individus, de la société et de l’interprète lui-même.Interpreting is meant to meet the needs for mutual understanding arising within a community at a national or international level. These needs derive from the various settings and situations that characterize society, as well as people’s lives, and are closely linked to the life and organization of the polis (the State). Interpreting therefore belongs to the political and social spheres; as such it is a political act. In order to analyze the conditions underlying the recourse to interpreting, a superordinate and a subordinate level may be identified. The former refers to the political, historical, and spatio-temporal situation in which interlingual communication needs arise and its impact on interpreting services. The latter refers to the interpreter as an individual who “chooses” what to interpret and for whom, and whose activity enables those communication needs to be met. In order to highlight the intertwined features of the two levels, as well as the political value of the interpreting act, this paper focuses on two areas: the legal field (with exclusive reference to Italy) and interpreting in conflict zones. Given their contexts and the impact they have on society and people’s lives, including the interpreter’s, these two areas can be seen as emblematic insofar as they forcefully reveal the political nature of both the interpreter’s role and the interpreting act
La parole des sans-voix. Questionnements linguistiques et enjeux sociétaux
Get PDFThe articles making up this issue of mediAzioni focus on those people who are unable to make their voice heard and, as a consequence, are supposed to have no agency. In various studies, they are referred to as the inaudible, the invisible, the subaltern, the vulnerable or the voiceless. Starting from Benveniste’s idea that language is inseparable from the notion of human being itself, the authors of the articles gathered here focus on the voiceless and question the relation between absence of voice and lack of agency. By observing the voiceless in interaction in different institutional contexts, it is possible to highlight that the voiceless addressed here are not destined to silence
La didactique de l’interprétation : quels développements ?
No full textThis issue is devoted to the teaching of dialogue interpreting (DI). The aspects addressed concern: basic and non-professional training in DI within BA courses in which such training runs parallel to the teaching of French as a foreign language; the approach to training based on a stage play analysis that highlights interactional aspects; the recourse to role-plays within a broader approach that also takes into account the examination of interpreter-mediated interactions by means of the Conversation Analytic Role-play Method and the analysis of the literature in a professionalising perspective; raising students' awareness of the interactional aspects characterising highly sensitive contexts
Interprétation de dialogue : approches et expériences didactiques
No full textThis editorial presents and discusses in the framework of the international literature the research subjects dealt with in the papers which make up issue n. 2 of A Tradire, a new online journal of Rennes 2 University. The aspects addressed concern:
- basic and non-professional training in DI within BA courses in which such training runs parallel to the teaching of French as a foreign language;
- the approach to training based on a stage play analysis that highlights interactional aspects;
- the recourse to role-plays within a broader approach that also takes into account the examination of interpreter-mediated interactions by means of the Conversation Analytic Role-play Method and the analysis of the literature in a professionalising perspective;
- raising students' awareness of the interactional aspects characterising highly sensitive contexts
Politeness in interpreter-mediated interactions. Views, approaches and perspectives
No full textPoliteness in interpreter-mediated interactions has attracted the attention of a number of scholars in Interpreting Studies. The most well known model used for the analysis of politeness strategies and their linguistic manifestations is the one developed by Penelope Brown and Stephen C. Levinson. This paper looks at the re- flections conducted and the model developed by Catherine Kerbrat-Orecchioni in the early 1990s. Here a number of examples of interactions in a medical context are analysed firstly in terms of the Brown/Levinson model and then in terms of the Ker- brat-Orecchioni model, allowing a comparison of the two from a practical and – more limitedly – theoretical point of view
Project-Based Learning through Simulation: How to Run a Training Session Using Role Plays as Learning Tool
No full textThe chapter deals with project-based learning through simulation. In particular, it focuses on how to design, organise, conduct and evaluate simulations of real-life assignments in the classroom in order to make dialogue interpreting training closer to the real world. The chapter is divided into three sections. The first is devoted to a brief review of the literature on role-play as a training tool and to the identification of their potential and limits. In the second sec- tion, two main issues are dealt with. The first sub-section concentrates on the Conversation Analytic Role-play Method (CARM) developed by Stokoe and other strategies that can be used to tackle problems deriving from the fiction- al nature of role-play. In the second sub-section, all stages – from planning to conducting to evaluating – are considered, taking into account different degrees of complexity reflecting specific training goals. Finally, the last sec- tion addresses assessment objectives and methodology, with special attention being paid to the importance of finding ways to involve the whole group of trainees, not just those playing roles, as it is the only way for role-play exercises to be really useful
L’interprète comme traducteur, comme médiateur, comme coordinateur : différentes facettes d’une même activité
No full textL'articolo problematizza il rapporto esistente fra mediazione e operazione traduttiva, mettendo in evidenza che tale attività, spesso ridotta a un passaggio quasi automatico dalle parole di una lingua a quelle di un'altra, in realtà è molto più complessa e interessa la dimensione cognitiva, culturale e creativa
Non-Close Renditions: Ways and Consequences of Saying Something Different in Interpreter-Mediated Healthcare Interactions
No full textIn interpreter-mediated interactions the interpreter’s translational activity constitutes the core of mutual understanding. Translating other participants’ verbal productions implies various interactional moves on the part of the interpreter, which reveal his/her coordinating role within the interaction. These two activities originate from the interpreter’s knowledge of the languages and cultures involved as well as of
his/her expertise in interpreting, which, in turn, result in his/her power to promote, modify, or block the interaction. Of course, interpreters do not act in a vacuum: it is through the interplay of all interlocutors that interpreters fully participate in the co-construction of the interaction. In this contribution we consider all those cases in which interpreters’ translations depart from the corresponding primary speakers’ turns. These cases are identified here as non-close renditions, a new analytical category integrating Wadensjö’s (1998) classification. We investigate how non-closeness may affect the interpreter’s translation and what repercussions it may have on the unfolding interaction. We specifically focus on the interactional efforts – or the lack thereof – made by the interpreter his-/herself and by other speakers in order to try to retrace their steps back to what was originally said
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