177,508 research outputs found
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Letter from R. R. Zellick, Assistant Trust Officer, Anglo California National Bank of San Francisco, to Joseph R. Goodman, October 2, 1942
No full textLetter from R. R. Zellick, Assistant Trust Officer at The Anglo California National Bank of San Francisco, to Joseph R. Goodman, regarding property owned by Dave Tatsuno. Zellick mentions a dispute between current tenants and Tatsuno, and that Tatsuno has asked Goodman to help locate trustworthy tenants.Personal correspondence, organizational records, government documents, publications, and other papers created or collected by Joseph R. Goodman documenting the forced removal and incarceration of Japanese Americans during World War II, as well as organized resistance to incarceration. Included in the collection are records of the Japanese Young Men's Christian Association and the Japanese American Citizens' League in San Francisco, including papers of the Japanese YMCA's executive secretary Lincoln Kanai; Sakai family papers; Goodman's correspondence to and from Japanese American incarcerees, organizations opposing forced removal and incarceration of Japanese Americans, the War Relocation Authority, and others; publications, photographs, and ephemera from the Topaz Relocation Center, where Goodman taught high school; War Relocation Authority records and publications; and newspaper clippings, pamphlets, and reports about forced removal and incarceration created by various government, religious, and civic organizations, in California and nationwide
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Liftings for noncomplete probability spaces
No full textThe current state of knowledge concerning liftings for noncomplete probability spaces is discussed. This is a somewhat expanded version of the author's talk given at the 1991 Summer Conference on General Topology and Applications in Honor of Mary Ellen Rudin and Her Work.PT: S; CR: BURKE MR, IN PRESS P AM MATH S BURKE MR, 1991, ISRAEL J MATH, V73, P33 BURKE MR, 1992, ISRAEL J MATH, V79, P289 CARLSON T, THEOREM LIFTING CHRISTENSEN JPR, 1974, TOPOLOGY BOREL STRUC FREMLIN DH, 1989, HDB BOOLEAN ALGEBRAS, P877 INOESCUTULCEA A, 1966, 5TH P BERK S MATH ST, V2 IONESCUTULCEA A, 1967, CONTRIBUTIONS PROB 1, P63 IONESCUTULCEA A, 1969, TOPICS THEORY LIFTIN JECH TJ, 1978, SET THEORY JOHNSON RA, 1980, P AM MATH SOC, V80, P234 JUST W, IN PRESS T AM MATH S KUPKA J, 1983, INDIANA U MATH J, V32, P717 LOSERT V, 1983, LNM, V1080, P95 MAHARAM D, 1958, P AM MATH SOC, V9, P987 SHELAH S, 1983, ISRAEL J MATH, V45, P90 TALAGRAND M, 1982, P AM MATH SOC, V84, P379 VONNEUMANN J, 1931, CRELLES J MATH, V165, P109; NR: 18; TC: 0; J9: ANN N Y ACAD SCI; PG: 4; GA: BZ86BSource type: Electronic(1
Heavy ions optical potential at finite temperature calculated using a complex effective interaction
No full textHansen, Lee (Lee R.). Union, non-union, and managerial pay plan state employees, 2008-2019
No full text1 online resource (2 pages)"July 1, 2021."Provides the number of union and non-union state employees in each of the last 14 years. Also provides the number of state employees paid under the state's managerial pay plan during each of those years. Updates OLR research report 2019-R-011
Neutron- and neutrino-induced reactions : their physical description and influence on r-process calculations
No full textWhen I started this thesis my supervisors F. K. Thielemann and T. Rauscher
spoke to me enthusiastically about the exciting and interesting field of nuclear astrophysics
at our very first meeting. A field actually consisting of several branches
of physics: thermodynamics, quantum mechanics, hydrodynamics, astrophysics,
nuclear physics and numerics, just to mention some. During my thesis I had
the opportunity to get deeper insights in nuclear physics, and astrophysics. Nuclear
astrophysics and nuclear physics are inseparably connected. Astrophysical
simulations, such as the modelling of supernova explosions or nucleosynthesis calculations,
depend directly on nuclear physics information, like nuclear masses,
half-lives, or nuclear reaction rates which can impose some constraints on the
astrophysical parameter space. On the other side astrophysical simulations can
provide constraints on nuclear models, such as the prediction of nuclear masses.
Current accelerator facilities are able to provide this information for stable nuclei
and for a broad range of neutron-rich nuclei. However, extremely neutron-rich
nuclei still cannot be investigated due to their extremely small half-lives. Experimental
information for these nuclei will be available at the earliest from the
next generation of accelerators, which are currently under construction and will
provide experimental information for such neutron-rich nuclei starting in a couple
of years.
The first part of this thesis is dedicated to nuclear physics. The calculation
of reaction rates which enter nucleosynthesis calculations in astrophysical simulations
is an important ingredient. The way these rates are calculated depends,
among other things, on the projectile energy and the mass region where the reaction
takes place. For intermediate and heavy masses the reaction rate can
be described by the so-called compound nucleus picture. In this model the the
projectile and target nucleus form a compound state which de-excites by various
particle evaporation modes. The compound nucleus picture describes the
reaction mechanisms well if there are enough levels at the energy at which the
compound nucleus is formed so that an average over individual resonances can
be performed. This model is called the Hauser Feshbach or statistical model. In
the case of absence of the described levels at the formation energy, other reaction
mechanisms have to be utilized to calculate the reaction rates, like direct reactions
for example. The nuclear level density (NLD) is an important ingredient
in the calculation of nuclear cross sections. In Chapter 2 the derivation of the
NLD is reviewed. It will be shown that the NLD can be decomposed into three
parts: a spin-, an excitation-energy-, and a parity dependent part. It will be
assumed that the odd and even parity states are equally distributed. Chapter 3
is devoted to the calculation of the NLD - but this time without the assumption
of equally distributed parities. An energy dependent parity-distribution function
will be derived.
Nuclei heavier than iron are predominantly made by neutron-capture processes.
The solar system abundance pattern of heavy nuclei indicates that two
distinct neutron-capture processes occur in nature - one at low neutron density,
called s-process, and one at high neutron density, called r-process. The r-process,
or rapid neutron-capture process will be discussed in detail in the second part
of my thesis. General aspects of nucleosynthesis calculations are reviewed in
Chapter 4 including a discussion of the mathematical framework. A discussion of
possible r-process sites, observational informations and astrophysical parameters
are presented in Chapter 5. In Chapter 6 the focus will be set on the neutrino
driven wind as a possible site for the production of elements heavier than iron. For
the first time, neutrino-induced, neutron-induced, and beta-delayed fission are included
simultaneously in a r-process nucleosynthesis calculation. Possible effects
of all fission channels on the final abundance distribution and the discussion of
the relevant nuclear physics are presented in Chapter 6, too. The thesis concludes
with a short discussion of the results and an outlook on future improvements and
investigations
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