13 research outputs found
A Study on Users' Behaviour Towards Electric Vehicles in Immature Markets: The Argentina Case Study
No full textThe paper aims to investigate the different attributes that may influence the choosing decision on the purchase of an electric vehicle. In particular, the research focuses on the analysis of an “immature” market such the case of the Argentinean market context. From the methodological point of view, the main purpose relies on the survey data collection and data analysis and modelling. Furthermore, the results achieved from a specific Stated Preferences survey carried out on a sample of Argentinian university students are shown. Therefore, the research aims to quantify and discuss the main determinants of the choice phenomenon through the specification and calibration of a choice model based on the Random Utility Theory
CALIBRATION AND VALIDATION OF A MACROSCOPIC TRAFFIC FLOW MODEL BASED ON PLATOON DISPERSION AND QUEUE PROPAGATION
No full textThis paper proposes a preliminary calibration and validation of a macroscopic traffic flow model for signalised junctions. In fact, on the network signal setting design problem, a reliable modelling approach must be adopted to acknowledge the traffic flow effects, considering two phenomena: queue dispersion and spillback. The proposed model is an extension of the space-time discrete Cell Transmission Model (CTM), which can simulate dispersion and horizontal queue. This preliminary calibration and validation use real-world data collected on an arterial of the city of Salerno (south of Italy). Results showed that the estimated parameters are consistent with the literature
Analysis and comparison of traffic flow models: a new hybrid traffic flow model vs benchmark models
No full textBackground: This paper compares a hybrid traffic flow model with benchmark macroscopic and microscopic models. The proposed hybrid traffic flow model may be applied considering a mixed traffic flow and is based on the combination of the macroscopic cell transmission model and the microscopic cellular automata. Modelled variables: The hybrid model is compared against three microscopic models, namely the Krauß model, the intelligent driver model and the cellular automata, and against two macroscopic models, the Cell Transmission Model and the Cell Transmission Model with dispersion, respectively. To this end, three main applications were considered: (i) a link with a signalised junction at the end, (ii) a signalised artery, and (iii) a grid network with signalised junctions. Results: The numerical simulations show that the model provides acceptable results. Especially in terms of travel times, it has similar behaviour to the microscopic model. By contrast, it produces lower values of queue propagation than microscopic models (intrinsically dominated by stochastic phenomena), which are closer to the values shown by the enhanced macroscopic cell transmission model and the cell transmission model with dispersion. The validation of the model regards the analysis of the wave propagation at the boundary region
Hardware-in-the-Loop and Traffic-in-the-Loop for Testing Cooperative Intersection Management
No full textA simulation is a useful tool for evaluating the impacts of various changes in a transportation system, especially in the case of real-time traffic-adaptive control systems, which must undergo extensive laboratory testing before being implemented in a field environment. Various simulation environments are available, from software-only to hardware-in-the-loop simulations, each of which plays a specific role in implementing a traffic control system. This study applied a CA-MPC (Model Predictive Control based on a Cellular Automata model) for a real-time traffic-adaptive control framework as it progressed from a laboratory project to actual field implementation. The traditional software-only simulation environment and extensions to a hardware-in-the-loop simulation are presented, describing the migration of CA-MPC onto the traffic controller hardware itself. In addition, a new enhancement to the standard software-only simulation is described, which allows remote access such that the simulation and traffic control scheme are not required to reside locally
Traffic flow representation through hybrid approach: Model formulation and preliminary analyses
No full textA hybrid traffic flow model for traffic management with human-driven and connected vehicles
No full textThis paper proposes a hybrid traffic flow model able to support the implementation of traffic management strategies in the presence of human-driven and connected vehicles. The model is based on the combination of two models: an aggregate model (the cell transmission model) and a disaggregate model (the cellular automata model). The model was tested considering three main layouts, namely a ring-shaped arc, a signalised link, and a grid network with four origins and four destinations, and then calibrated on real data. The model was also applied in the presence of connected vehicles. Our results point out the model’s local consistency in terms of wave propagation and its suitability with respect to the benchmark models as well as in the presence of connected vehicles
Approaches for Modelling User’s Acceptance of Innovative Transportation Technologies and Systems
No full textThe gradual penetration of new transport modes and/or new technologies (advanced information systems, automotive technologies, etc.) requires effective theoretical paradigms able to interpret and model transportation system users’ propensity to purchase and use them. Along with the traditional approaches mainly based on random utility theory, it is a common opinion that numerous nonquantitative variables (such as psychological factors, attitudes, perceptions, etc.) may affect users’ behaviors. Different traditional approaches and more advanced ones (e.g. hybrid choice model (HCM) with latent variables, theory of planned behaviour, regret theory, prospect theory, etc.) may be identified and properly applied in the literature. In particular, the chapter will focus on the hybrid choice modeling with latent variables, aiming to incorporate users’ perceptions, attitudes and concerns in order to model the user’s propensity to use and the willingness to buy a new technology. The methodology overview and the results of the application at real data are discussed
Parameters Estimation of a Microscopic Traffic Flow Sub-Model Within a Multiscale Approach Using Experimental Data
No full textFuture traffic contexts will likely involve the coexistence of human-driven vehicles and connected and automated vehicles (CAVs). To assess the impact of CAVs, especially in large-scale applications, intermediate hybrid multi-scale models can be used. These models are easily adaptable to traffic control strategies by employing disaggregated modelling in regions where such strategies are implemented and macroscopic modelling in other regions indirectly affected by the controlled infrastructure. This paper focuses on a model previously established in the literature, the H -CA&CTM (Hybrid Cellular Automata -CA-Cell Transmission Model-CTM), with an emphasis on the micro model that can be implemented in the hybrid traffic flow model. The research has two primary aims: 1) Investigate the calibration of the CA model with respect to various cell lengths using two distinct approaches: simulating all vehicles together in a closed ring layout and simulating each vehicle using data obtained from its respective follower; 2) Utilize vehicle trajectory data for the calibration procedure, enabling a comprehensive comparison of methods. Two detailed approaches were considered:1. Measured Leader – Simulated Follower interaction approach.2. Simulated Leader – Simulated Follower interaction approach. The major finding of the paper is that the calibrated parameters obtained using the Simulated Leader approach display greater regularity across different cell lengths
Key Factors Influencing the Decision to Buy an Electric Vehicle in Emerging Markets: A Comparison Between University Students’ Behavior in Italy and Argentina
No full textThe transition from Internal Combustion Engine Vehicles (ICEVs) to electric vehicles (EVs) is a tricky issue, but particularly challenging in those markets that are characterized by high ICEVS ownership rates and that may be identified as emerging markets due to the small diffusion of the technology and of the related infrastructures. This study delves into modeling the willingness to buy an EV by young adults within the emerging Italian market, and to draw a comparison with the findings of a previous study carried out on the Argentinian market. To this aim a stated preferences survey was carried out at the University of Salerno (Italy), and then compared with the same survey designed and carried out at the University of Cordoba (Argentina). The Random Utility Paradigm was employed to model the preferences of the respondents, by focusing on the influence of instrumental attributes and psycho-attitudinal factors through a Mixed Binomial Logit formulation and Hybrid Choice model with Latent variables, respectively. The findings suggest that attitudes and perceptions play a substantial and similar role in emerging markets, with only slight differences across the two markets
