8 research outputs found
Farmaci, giovani e social network
No full textGià nel 2010 le Nazioni Unite tramite il documento World Drug Report (WDR) hanno riferito che l’uso non medico di farmaci da prescrizione è particolarmente ricorrente nei giovani. Ancora prima negli Stati Uniti notiamo la presenza di questi cocktail già negli anni sessanta del secolo scorso.
Le ragioni che portano i ragazzi ad acquistare e utilizzare farmaci sono disparate, alcune ricerche concentrano l’attenzione sull’idea che ragazzi fanno uso di medicinali perché si tratta in ogni caso di sostanze legali, pertanto non possono essere dannose come le comuni droghe da strada, la seconda ragione consiste nel fatto che si tratta di materiali che se intercettate dalle forze dell’Ordine non comportano conseguenze come la detenzione di sostanze classiche, la terza consiste nel fatto che sono di facile reperibilità
Il graffitismo vandalico
No full textIl graffitismo vandalico ormai aggredisce sempre più spesso le nostre strade, i nostri quartieri, le nostre città. I suoi effetti sono sotto gli occhi di tutti e creano un danno estetico, economico e ambientale, contribuendo ad aumentare il degrado urbano aumentando la percezione d’insicurezza dei cittadini. La mancanza di riguardo per gli spazi condivisi, che rappresentano l’immagine dell’identità collettiva, fa perdere, nel tempo di ‘smalto’ ai quartieri: la città si degrada allontanando psicologicamente i propri abitanti dal proprio vicinato, dalla propria via non più percepita come espansione dello spazio condiviso. Meccanismo psicologico di identificazione che porta con se un aumento di piccoli gesti di quotidiana inciviltà facendo sprofondare le città nell’incuria e di conseguenza nel degrado generalizzato. Necessario si fa, quindi, sia un focus sugli indicatori di tale evoluzione che sull’identificazione del graffitista vandalico, nonché sulle possibili azioni di contrasto e di contenimento del fenomeno stesso
The two genes generating RET/PTC3 are localized in chromosomal band 10q11.2
No full textPCR analysis of DNA from a selected panel of human‐rodent somatic cell hybrids and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis allowed us to localize the human ELEI gene. This previously uncharacterized gene is fused with the tyrosine kinase (tk) domain of the RET proto‐oncogene to generate the oncogenic sequence RET/PTC3, thus providing a third example of RET oncogenic activation in papillary thyroid carcinomas. ELEI was localized to band 10q11.2, the subband where RET also maps, at a minimum distance of more than 500 kb from the proto‐oncogene. The fusion event corresponding to the rearrangement reciprocal to that leading to the formation of RET/PTC3 was also identified and characterized. The karyotype of two RET/PTC3 positive tumors did not show any evidence of chromosome 10 abnormalities. The data indicate that a cytogenetically undetectable paracentric inversion within 10q11.2 generates RET/PTC3
Isolation from a multigene family of the active human gene of the metastasis-associated multifunctional protein 37LRP/p40 at chromosome 3p21.3.
No full textpeer reviewedThe 37 kD precursor of the 67 kD laminin receptor (37LRP) is a polypeptide whose expression is consistently upregulated in aggressive carcinoma. Interestingly, the 37LRP appears to be a multifunctional protein involved in the translational machinery and has also been identified as p40 ribosome-associated protein. Although highly conserved cDNAs corresponding to this polypeptide have been isolated from several species including vertebrates, invertebrates, plants and prokaryotes, characterization of any of the corresponding active genes has never been reported. In this study, we have cloned an intron-containing fragment which permitted us to isolate the active 37LRP/p40 human gene. This gene contains seven exons and six introns. Ribonuclease protection experiments suggest multiple transcription start sites. The promoter area does not bear a TATA box but contains four Sp1 sites. The first intron is also GC rich containing five Sp1 sites. Intron 4 contains the full sequence of the small nuclear RNA E2 and two Alu sequences are found in intron 3. Fluorescent in situ hybridization localized the 37LRP/p40 active gene on chromosome 3 in the locus 3p21.3 which, interestingly, is a hot spot for genetic alterations in several cancers and particularly in small cell lung carcinoma."Etude de la famille mutigénique codant pour la protéine PRL37/p40
The human 37kDa laminin receptor precursor/p40 ribosomal associated protein multigene family : structure of the active gene and chromosomal location at 3p21.3
No full textLimited Role of TP53 and TP53-Related Genes in Myxoid Liposarcoma
No full textAims Circumstantial evidence suggests that genetic changes may lead to tumor progression within the myxoid liposarcoma tumors (MLTs) carrying non-random chromosomal translocation t(12;16). Methods To address this subject an immunophenotypic analysis, applying antibodies against proteins encoded by TP53, MDM2 and CDK4 genes, complemented by molecular analysis of eight suitable cases, was performed on 104 consecutive cases. Chromosomal translocations were assessed either by cytogenetic analysis or by RT-PCR in 9 suitable cases and chimeric transcripts were found in all cases but two pleomorphic liposarcomas. Results Based on immunophenotyping and tumor site, the case material consisted of three groups. The first one was made up of 92 non-retroperitoneal cases carrying a null p53, mdm2, cdk4 immunophenotype, which remained unchanged over the time of recurrences and along the gamut of histologic subtypes. The second group was represented by five p53+, mdm2-, cdk4- non-retroperitoneal cases, 4 of which were further analysed by PCR-SSCP for p53 mutation. The im-munophenotipic profile of these cases, complemented by the molecular findings, supported a role of TP53 in tumor progression in three high-grade MLTs. The third group, consisting of 7 retroperitoneal cases, showed a heterogeneous immunophenotype, sharing immunophenotypic and molecular features with the well-differentiated/evoluted (dedifferentiated) liposarcoma group. Conclusions TP53 mutations seem to play a role in tumor progression in a few cases of MLTs (2.8%) showing more aggressive histologic characteristics. The unexpected finding that a number of retroperitoneal LMTs display the immunophenotypic profile of the well differentiated/evoluted (dedifferentiated) liposarcomas, deserves further investigation. </jats:sec
Participation of people with psychosocial disability in mental health policy development in South Africa
No full textThis study addressed the following question: What are the barriers and strategies to support the participation of South Africans with psychosocial disability in mental health policy development in South Africa? A systematic literature review (objective 1) addressed the question: ""What supports people with psychosocial disability to participate in national mental health policy development?"" The WHO Checklist for Mental Health Legislation, the WHO Checklist for Mental Health Policy and Plan, and domain 4 of the World Health Organisation Assessment Instrument for Mental Health Systems (WHO-AIMS) were completed, and 96 semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders were conducted, to assess current stakeholder, mental health legislation and policy support for the participation of people with psychosocial disability in South Africa (Objective 2). Nvivo-7 software was used to analysis qualitative data, using a framework analysis approach to data analysis and interpretation. These interviews were also used to ascertain the views of 56 of the 96 South African stakeholders' involved in mental health services, on environmental barriers to the participation of people with psychosocial disability in mental health policy development in South Africa (objective 3). The remaining 40 interviews with people with psychosocial disability documented their lived experience of barriers to their participation in policy development, and highlighted their priorities for policy development (Objective 4). Eleven key informants involved in leadership roles in peer led organisations for people with psychosocial disability in Africa were interviewed to inform understanding of opportunities for supporting people with psychosocial disability to participate in mental health policy development (Objective 5). The findings of objectives 1-5 were triangulated to inform the development of a conceptual framework for supporting South Africans with psychosocial disability to participate in mental health policy development (objective 6). The framework proposes the need for social transformation to overcome barriers to the inclusion of people with psychosocial disability in society, including as policy participants, support for self-directed agency, and opportunity for meaningful participation in policy development
Deregulation of the platelet-derived growth factor β-chain gene via fusion with collagen gene COL1A1 in dermatof ibrosarcoma protuberans and giant-cell fibroblastoma
No full textDermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DP), an infiltrative skin tumour of intermediate malignancy, presents specific features such as reciprocal translocations t(17;22)(q22;q13) and supernumerary ring chromosomes derived from the t(17;22). In this report, the breakpoints from translocations and rings in DP and its juvenile form, giant cell fibroblastoma (GCF), were characterised on the genomic and RNA level. These rearrangements fuse the platelet-derived growth factor B-chain (PDGFB, c-sis proto-oncogene) and the collagen type I alpha 1 (COL1A1) genes. PDGFB has transforming activity and is a potent mitogen for a number of cell types, but its role in oncogenic processes is not fully understood. COL1A1 is a major constituent of the connective tissue matrix. Neither PDGFB nor COL1A1 have so far been implicated in any tumour translocations. These gene fusions delete exon 1 of PDGFB, and release this growth factor from its normal regulation.</p
