1,721,067 research outputs found
Computational models of language diversity: a determination of social and individual benefits
No full textIn studying benefits and costs of language diversity the use of computer models is rare. There may be various reasons for this situation, e.g. a) the complexity of the interpretation of language diversity, b) the difficulty in operationalizing factors and dimensions of diversity, c) the absence of realistic actor models, that is to say of actors that can communicate in a realistic way and d) the underperformance or restrictedness of existing software programs. They may be only a few of the reasons to abstain from using computers models to analyze, explain and predict language diversity. How valid these arguments may be, it is strange that for weather analyses and forecasts and for tide and streaming conditions many computer models have been developed and are successfully applied. Tides and weather are also complex, many factors and dimensions are also applicable, and software programs and computational power can always be enhanced. The only big difference that we can think about in modeling and comparing natural (tide and weather) and artificial (language and communication) systems is the presence or absence of a realistic model of plausible cognitive actors and the interaction of these actors. It is also possible to defend the line of reasoning that by definition humans systems and their social structures cannot be modeled in software. The existence of cognitive science and social simulation since the 60s of the last century to our opinion shows that the rejection of this kind of modeling is not justified. In our presentation we will propose a pseudo specification of plausible cognitive actors that have a memory, have goals, have communication instruments, i.e., a language, and are able to exhibit social behavior (Helmhout, 2006; Wijermans, 2008).
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Learning environments for sustainable innovation
No full textKnowledge processes, such as knowledge sharing, knowledge use, knowledge creation or knowledge distribution are core components in sustainable innovation (Jorna, 2006), at both the individual and the group level. Knowledge creation refers to innovation and requires the possibility of learning (single loop, double loop or otherwise). A determinant for learning is the learning environment. The specific environment in which individuals and groups engage into the learning experience influences the effectiveness of knowledge use and knowledge transfer. 12 Strategic Inspiring Learning Opportunities (SILO), i.e., configurations of learning contexts, are distinguished, each triggering the learning experience of individuals and groups in a different manner. This article discusses the theoretical underpinnings of these 12 SILOs from a knowledge management perspective. The underlying dimensions of coordination mechanism (i.e. authority, standardization, and trust), direction of communication (uni-, bi-, and multi-directional), and knowledge type dominance (tacit or explicit knowledge, or sensory, coded, and theoretical knowledge) are identified for each of the SILOs. For instance, the \u93master class\u94 SILO concerns a traditional configuration, applying an authoritarian coordination mechanism. Knowledge transfer typically is uni-directional, and concerns dominantly theoretical knowledge. At the opposite end of the spectrum, the SILO labelled \u93entrepreneur café\u94 is based on trust and facilitates multi-directional knowledge transfer. Knowledge of the sensory type is dominantly transferred in this SILO. In between these two extreme forms, the ten other SILOs are positioned. Finally, implications for sustainable innovation and its effectiveness are provide
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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