1,721,010 research outputs found
DOSSIER / ZOOTECNIA DI PRECISIONE
No full textIn questo contributo discuteremo le dotazioni relative alla zootecnia di precisione presenti in una stalla sperimentale universitaria. Questa stalla si trova ad Ozzano nell’Emilia (Bo), sede dell’ex Facoltà di Veterinaria di Bologna, ora Scuola di Agraria e Veterinaria - Dipartimento di Scienze mediche veterinarie (Dimevet), e ha una finalità sia di sperimentazione che didattica, sia per quanto riguarda l’alimentazione e le patologie, sia per quanto riguarda il comportamento e, più in generale, il benessere animale. La stalla sperimentale fa parte dell’Azienda agraria dell’Università di Bologna (Aub) e ospita 80 capi in lattazione, con un intervallo parto-concepimento medio di circa 120 giorni. Le bovine sono trasferite nel settore delle asciutte 60 giorni prima della data prevista per il parto; gli ultimi 20 giorni le passano nel box parto, su lettiera, dove partoriscono. Successivamente, le puerpere sono spostate in un’area a lettiera per un certo periodo di tempo variabile (mediamente 10 giorni) in funzione dello stato di salute della bovina (ad esempio capi a rischio chetosi, ecc.). In questo periodo si applica il seguente protocollo di monitoraggio: rilevamento quotidiano della temperatura corporea (rettale); a 3, 5 e 10 giorni si controlla il livello ematico dei corpi chetonici, lo stato uterino e la consistenza delle feci. Per le vacche in lattazione sono presenti anche tre stazioni di auto alimentatori con la possibilità di erogare tre diversi mangimi
Effects of a completely pelleted diet on growing performance of Holstein heifers.
Full text linkForage neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content and
particle size are important factors that affect rumen
function. The aim of the current study was to evaluate
the effects on rumen health, NDF digestibility, and animal
performance of pelleting a forage-based diet. Eight
Holstein heifers (age 336 ± 30 d, body weight 346 ±
35 kg) were randomly assigned to a repeated crossover
design. Animals were housed in tie-stalls and fed for ad
libitum intake. The study included 4 periods of 3 wk,
the first 2 wk for adaptation to the diet and the last
wk for data collection. Diets had the same ingredients
but had a different physical form: total mixed ration
(TMR) and pellet (diameter = 8 mm). The physically
effective NDF (peNDF) differed between the 2 treatments
(39.8 and 11.8% of NDF in the TMR and pellet
diets, respectively). During the trial, dry matter intake
(DMI), water intake, rumination time, rumen temperature,
and pH were evaluated daily. Fecal samples were
collected in wk 3 of each period to determine total-tract
digestibility of the potential digestible (pd)NDF. Average
daily gain and feed conversion ratio were calculated
at the end of each period. With the pellet diet, DMI,
DMI/body weight, and water consumption were higher.
We observed no significant difference in average daily
gain or feed conversion ratio. Rumination time was
lower for the pellet diet than for the TMR diet (241 vs.
507 min/d, respectively). Diet had no effect on rumen
temperature or rumen pH. The total-tract digestibility
of the pdNDF was greater with the TMR diet than
with the pellet diet (90.25 vs. 86.82% pdNDF, respectively).
The results of the current study suggest that
a complete-feed pellet diet was well accepted by the
animals, as demonstrated by higher DMI. Rumination
time was reduced with the pellet diet, but rumen pH
was not different. The pdNDF digestibility was high for
both diets, but significantly higher for the TMR diet.
Given that animal performance was similar between
the 2 diets, although they differed with respect to DMI
and fiber digestion, we hypothesize that the 2 diets
had different retention times, related to their physical
form. A complete-feed pellet diet formulated to provide
a sufficient level of NDF from forages could be fed to
growing ruminants without apparent negative effects
on rumen health and animal productivity, at least for
a short period. More research over a longer growing
period is needed before recommending this feeding
strategy for growing heife
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Formaggi del territorio: aspetti produttivi e di salubrità. Atti del Convegno conclusivo del Progetto “Biodiversità, Territorio e Nutrizione: la sostenibilità dell’agro-alimentare italiano_ TERRAVITA”
No full textVariations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Survey on antimicrobial residues in raw milk and antimicrobial use in dairy farms in the Emilia-Romagna Region, Italy
Full text linkThis survey investigated the antimicrobials most commonly used in dairy herds and t antimicrobial residues most frequently detected in milk to evaluate the suitability of rapid screening tests to determine antimicrobial residues in milk. The investigation was carried out in 45 dairy herds consulting the farm administration records and in a national dairy industry collecting milk from almost all the dairy farms studied. Data were recorded on: i) treatments with drugs containing antimicrobials during the 12 months prior to the visit; ii) antimicrobial active substances present in the drugs; iii) data from routine controls to detect antimicrobial residues (52,771 samples). The antimicrobial classes most commonly used were penicillins, cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, macrolides, sulphonamides, tetracyclines, aminoglycosides and lyncosamides; the most frequently used antimicrobial not belonging to any of the previous groups was riphaximin. Sixty-four samples collected from milk trucks yielded antimicrobial residues exceeding the detection limit of the screening test used: sulphonamide residues were the most prevalent (3.4%), followed by tetracycline (0.3%) and penicillins and cephalosporins (0.03%). The antimicrobial classes most commonly used on dairy farms are the same as the residues most frequently detected in milk. The association of several commercially available rapid test kits proved satisfactory for determination of the veterinary antimicrobial drugs most used on dairy farms but at least five kits are required. Therefore knowledge of the most frequently used veterinary drugs and periodic monitoring are required for the dairy industry to develop a targeted and effective control pla
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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