8,283 research outputs found
Third Annual Conference on Privacy, Security and Trust
No full textThis pre-print appears as a courtesy only. Please see the conference proceedings for the definitive version. Ching-Lung Fu is the corresponding author
Neutrosophic combinatorics and its applications
Get PDFBased on the combined method in Chinese ancient I-Ching and theory of Taiji,
this paper presents the Neutrosophic combinatorics by means of the combinations of the truth, the falsehood, and the indeterminacy in Smarandache’s Neutrosophy. For the Neutrosophic combinatorics we can say that “Changes originate in the Taiji; from the Taiji come the 3 spheres
The nomenclature of the lycophyte species Phlegmariurus mingcheensis Ching (Huperziaceae)
No full textIn 1982, Ren Chang Ching twice described the same lycophyte species under the names Lycopodium mingcheense (published in April; the original "minchegense" spelling being a correctable error) and Phlegmariurus mingcheensis Ching (published in May). Phlegmariurus mingcheensis cannot be taken as a combination based on Lycopodium mingcheense because in the original publication a different holotype was indicated and the name Lycopodium mingcheense was not mentioned. The correct names for this species in Huperzia, Lycopodium, and Phlegmariurus are Huperzia mingcheensis (Ching) Holub (basionym: Phlegmariurus mingcheensis), Lycopodium mingcheense Ching, and Phlegmariurus mingcheensis Ching, respectively. The recent lectotypification of the name Lycopodium mingcheense using P.S. Chiu 2069 (PE) was redundant since this specimen was clearly indicated as the holotype in Ching's original publication. The recent new name Phlegmariurus mingjoui X.C. Zhang is an illegitimate superfluous name
The Forced Migration of Wealthy People Fu-hu 富戸 to Pei-ching in the Early Ming Dynasty
Get PDFIn 1430, after the usurpation of the throne during the civil war of Ching-nan 靖難, Ch’eng-tsu 成祖 changed the name of the former capital to “Pei-ching” in order to take the first step towards transferring the capital to Pei-ching. Immediately after that, the Ming Dynasty started to force wealthy people mainly from all parts of the Chiang-nan region to move to Pei-ching. Past studies of this migration have been mainly based on the fu-hu sections in the 19th volume of the Ming-hui-tien 明会典. These studies concluded that the migrants and their descendants had been in large reduced to ruin by state expropriation. However, from the list of successful applicants in the highest examination and from inscriptions on tombs, we find that some of the migrants and their descendants succeeded in the imperial examinations and became bureaucrats. This paper identifies the individual migrants from these biographical materials and tries to present a concrete picture of the migration. The following conclusions were made.The migrants were selected out of the large landowners engaged in agricultural engagement. They were not forced to migrate with their clan and relatives. Migrants went to the northern parts of Pei-ching-ch’eng either single or with their families. After migration they engaged in agriculture or commerce. The Ming Dynasty intended to impose the corvee and the responsibility for providing government offices with food and materials in kind as well as include them in the lowest units of the administrative organization by appointing them as hsiang-chang 廂長 to manage the corvee. However, from the second generation of the migrants, severe state exploitation gave rise to desertion and the ruin of the fu-hu. In order to cope with this problem the Ming Dynasty devised the various counterplans for the security of the fu-hu. But in these plans the initial accent on the aforesaid location of fu-hu had become weaker, and the direct exploitation more severe. Especially since the silver commutation of fu-hu corvee which was introduced in 1492, the population of fu-hu residents in Pei-ching had decreased sharply. However, in the limited period of one hundred years since the migration, the fu-hu who passed the imperial examinations became bureaucrats. Through this period the process of “polarization” of the successful and the unsuccessful progressed.journal articl
Marilyn and Shen Fu : Studies in Connoisseurship, Chinese Paintings from the Arthur M. Sackler Collection in New York and Princeton
No full textChing-lang Hou. Marilyn and Shen Fu : Studies in Connoisseurship, Chinese Paintings from the Arthur M. Sackler Collection in New York and Princeton. In: Bulletin de l'Ecole française d'Extrême-Orient. Tome 64, 1977. pp. 332-334
Neutrosophic Interpretation of Tao Te Ching
No full textThe purpose of this book is to extend the foundation and application range of \u27Tao Te Ching\u27. The reasons for this are as follows. Firstly, we are willing to point out that \u27Tao Te Ching\u27 already has some limitation, because many questions we are interested in cannot be answered within \u27Tao Te Ching\u27. For example, \u27Tao Te Ching\u27 basically discussed the matters in China, however considering all possible situations it should matter in foreign countries as well, i.e. the “global village”. This was impossible in Lao Tzu’s time. Secondly, if the original “Tao Te Ching” is regarded as “Positive Tao Te Ching”, its opposite is “Negative Tao Te Ching”, while the intermediate or compound state is “Neutral Tao Te Ching”. Thus, our book presents the way to extend the original “Tao Te Ching” in various neutrosophic interpretations
The concept of peace in the Tao Te Ching
Get PDFThis thesis represents a first attempt to analyze Lao Tzu's main method of resolving the social and political problems in Ch'un Ch'iu and Warring States Periods. Lao Tzu, the founder of Taoism, suggested many solutions that could bring an end to the conflicts and to the ending of the disunity of China. Examples of these include the reform or abolishment of some ancient Chinese institutions as well as new principles for the enhancement and preservation of life. All these ideas were to become crystallised in Tao Te Ch'ing, which became an important religious text. In particular, the aspect of Lao Tzu's methods for solving the social and political problems of China in the Warring States Period needs more attention. In each chapter of the Tao Te Ch'ing there was a main emphasis on peace as the main method of developing social cohesion and as a cure to all fundamental human problems. Therefore, Lao Tzu's ideas about peace and his methods of solving the problems of the Warring States period are significant and from the main focus of the thesis
Notes on two rare conger eel species (Anguilliformes: Congridae) found in Taiwanese waters
No full textHo, Hsuan-Ching, Smith, David G., Huang, Jian-Fu (2018): Notes on two rare conger eel species (Anguilliformes: Congridae) found in Taiwanese waters. Zootaxa 4454 (1): 233-237, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4454.1.1
FIGURE 6 in Note on rare snake eels (Anguilliformes: Ophichthidae) and additional data on three Neenchelys recently described from Taiwan
No full textFIGURE 6. Neenchelys gracilis Ho & Loh, 2015. NMMB-P26438, 393 mm TL. A. lateral view. B. close view of head.Published as part of Ho, Hsuan-Ching, Hibino, Yusuke & Huang, Jian-Fu, 2018, Note on rare snake eels (Anguilliformes: Ophichthidae) and additional data on three Neenchelys recently described from Taiwan, pp. 200-214 in Zootaxa 4454 (1) on page 211, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4454.1.16, http://zenodo.org/record/144663
Mapping the Discipline of the Olympic Games An Author-Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFThe authors conducted an author cocitation analysis on prominent authors writing about the Olympics during the 1990s. Author cocitation is an established bibliometric technique that can be used to measure the relative similarities of topics written about by the cited authors. This enables a visual representation of the “intellectual space” of the discipline, in this case the Olympics, to be created for the period under review. So core and peripheral research areas are identified, along with their major contributors. The representation appears as a two-dimensional cluster-enhanced map. Subject expertise was then applied to the results to place labels on the generated clusters of authors and their topics
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