1,721,546 research outputs found
Effects of bacterial endotoxin, interleukin-1 and prostaglandins on thermoregulation and cerebrospinal fluid-calcium concentration in rabbits
No full textCalcium changes in rabbit CSF during endotoxin, IL-1 beta, and PGE2 fever
No full textNew Zealand rabbits were chronically incannulated in the lateral ventricle and cisterna magna to assess the hypothesis that calcium concentration (Ca) of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) varies during fevers of diverse origin. In normothermic and febrile animals recovering from surgery, CSF Ca was positively and significantly correlated to rectal temperature (TR). IV injection of E. coli endotoxin and ICV injection of human recombinant interleukin 1beta (hrIL-1beta) induced a TR rise of 1.7 +/- 0.3-degrees-C (mean +/- SEM) and 1.45 +/- 0.25-degrees-C, respectively, accompanied by significant increases in CSF Ca. After endotoxin administration, maximal Ca increases ranged between 0.21 and 0.48 mM above basal values in individual animals (p < 0.01), whereas after administration of hrIL-1beta increases were 0.17 and 0.25 mM (p < 0.05). Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) countered the fever induced by both endotoxin and hrIL-1beta administrations and concomitantly antagonized the Ca increase in CSF. HrIL-1beta-derived nonapeptide was characteristically devoid of pyrogenic effect and did not modify CSF Ca. Although ICV injection of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) increased TR by 2.1 +/- 0.77-degrees-C, it failed to have any effect on CSF Ca. Differently from the other Ca enhancers, PGE2, however, increased CSF protein concentration (protein). These findings suggest that brain calcium metabolism plays a role in fever development and that prostaglandin involvement is only engaged once changes in CSF calcium concentration have taken place
Reasonableness as a Swinging Door to Convey New Values Through Constitutional Interpretation. A Case Study on Economic Transitions
No full textGoing Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Il secolo artusiano, a cura di Giovanna Frosini e Massimo Montanari, Firenze Accademia della Crusca, 2013
No full textIntervento mirante ad analizzare dal punto di vista linguistico e retorico le peculiarità del testo artusian
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The Protection of Human Rights in the Italian Legal System
No full textThe rules that are given by the Italian Constitution.
The impact on Italian domestic law that is given by international law.
The decisions of Italian Constitutional Court that, moving away from the traditional interpretation, stated that the violation of the European Convention on Human Rights is violation of the Constitution
Regional Autonomy, the Welfare State and Fiscal Devolution: a Recipe for Indigestion? The Experience of the United Kingdom
No full textThe chapter attempts to answer three questions by taking the United Kingdom and the devolution process started in 1998 as a case study. First, can a non-centralised State at the same time be a Welfare State? In other words, can social rights be adequately promoted and protected in composite or non-centralised States? Secondly, can a State really be autonomous if it lacks any form of fiscal federalism? And finally, in cases involving a devolved State that does not make provision for a de-centralised tax system, what will the effects be on public services
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