1,355,558 research outputs found
A typology of basic comparative issues
No full textComparative studies do not deal with objects, but with relations. Relations do not exist, they have to be established. On the basis of the four elementary forms of relation – unity, separation, dialogue and determination – there have been distinguished four basic forms of comparative studies. Semantic comparison is immanent to the literary system and mutual; functional comparison is also mutual but goes beyond the literary system; cultural transfer goes beyond the literary system but is unilateral; and literary influence is unilateral but immanent to the literary system. Two of these relations examine cultural or literary systems immanently – one traces the wandering of tropes and motives, the other reconstructs cultural interrelations. The other two forms of comparative studies go beyond literary and cultural systems, one in the direction of the social functions of literature, the other in the direction of facts and objects. The unilateral relations are based on succession in time, while the mutual forms imply simultaneity – either they are contrasted to one another with respect to their function, or they are put into a typological equivalence. Against this background, the article discusses Wacław Borowy’s description of different forms of comparative literature. While Borowy distinguishes “valid” and “invalid” forms of comparative studies, this article tries to demonstrate their equal epistemological value and to systematically arrange the different answers which can be expected from them.</p
Simplified optical configuration for a sloshing-speedmeter-enhanced gravitational wave detector
No full textWe propose a new optical configuration for an interferometric gravitational wave detector based on the speedmeter concept using a sloshing cavity. Speedmeters provide an inherently better quantum-noise-limited sensitivity at low frequencies than the currently used Michelson interferometers. We show that a practical sloshing cavity can be added relatively simply to an existing dual-recycled Michelson interferometer such as Advanced LIGO.Andreas Freise, Haixing Miao and Daniel D Brow
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
No full text“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Die anthropologische Bedeutung und der poetische Aufbau Cechovscher Erzählungen am Beispiel von "Nescast'e"
No full text
Die anthropologische Bedeutung und der poetische Aufbau Cechovscher Erzählungen am Beispiel von "Nescast'e"
No full textDispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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