4,424 research outputs found
Histamine effects on conjunctival fibroblasts from patients with vernal conjunctivitis.
No full textHistamine, an important mast cell mediator in allergic disorders, may affect extracellular matrix production and cell growth in vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC). In the present study, the histamine reactivity of conjunctival fibroblasts derived from VKC patients was investigated in vitro. Conjunctival fibroblast cultures were derived from biopses of 8 tarsal VKC patients and 5 normal subjects. These cells were maintained in vitro and stimulated with different concentrations of histamine with and without H1 (clorpheniramine) and H2 (cimetidine) receptor antagonists. Comparisons were made to fibroblasts grown in the same media without histamine and to fibroblasts stimulated with just antihistamine. The effects of histamine were evaluated by: (1) the MTT test to assess cell proliferation; (2) an in vitro wound model for cell migration and (3) the measurement of procollagen I (PIP) and procollagen III (PIIIP) in supernatants for collagen production. Results showed: (1) While VKC-derived fibroblasts proliferated at a faster rate than normal cells in unstimulated media, after histamine stimulation, VKC and normal cells grew at a similar rate. Both H1 and H2 antagonists significantly inhibited (P<0.05) histamine-induced cell proliferation. (2) Histamine enhanced cell migration after wounding; this effect was inhibited only by H2 antagonism. (3) When stimulated with histamine, VKC fibroblasts produced significantly more PIP than those in control media. Furthermore, VKC-derived fibroblasts were more sensitive to histamine challenge, producing significantly more PIP than normal fibroblasts. H1 and H2 antagonists did not modify histamine-stimulated PIP production. The enhanced proliferative and productive capacity of VKC fibroblasts may be the result of a selective overgrowth of one or more fibroblast subpopulations in a chronically inflamed tissue. Histamine increased proliferation, migration and collagen production in both normal and VKC fibroblasts. Since H2 antagonism modulated both cell growth and migration, but not histamine-induced collagen production, the latter may be mediated by a different receptor. These results showed that histamine is at least partially responsible for fibroblast stimulation
Small fiber peripheral neuropathy in Wilson disease: an in vivo documentation by corneal confocal microscopy.
No full textDanza y Co-creatividad kinestésica Humano-IA
No full textHuman-machine interaction in dance is not a new phenomenon, however, the evolution of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in recent years allows new scenarios where novel methods of creative collaboration between human and artificial intelligence are proposed. From an interdisciplinary approach, this article provides an analysis of different software for choreographic creation and synthesises the findings from the creative collaboration between the author and an AI dancer, which were presented at the Leverhulme Centre for the Future of Intelligence at the University of Cambridge (UK). The author concludes that in order to co-create dance with an AI, it is not enough to simply use it, but it must enable an experience in which the human and machine can be exposed to a mutual influence that is not limited to logical reasoning, but is based on kinaesthetic intuition.La interacción humano-maquina en la danza no es un fenómeno nuevo, sin embargo, la evolución de la Inteligencia Artificial (IA) en los últimos años permite nuevos escenarios donde se plantean novedosos métodos de colaboración creativa entre la inteligencia humana y la artificial. Desde un enfoque interdisciplinario, este artículo provee un análisis de distintos softwares para la creación coreográfica y sintetiza los hallazgos provenientes de la colaboración creativa entre el autor y un bailarín de IA, los cuales fueron presentados en el Leverhulme Centre for the Future of Intelligence en la Universidad de Cambridge (Reino Unido). El autor concluye que para co-crear danza con una IA no basta con utilizarla, sino que es fundamental propiciar una experiencia donde el humano y la maquina puedan exponerse a una influencia mutua que no se limite al razonamiento lógico, sino que se base en la intuición kinestésica
First in the Nation in Education : Final Report,1984.
No full textThis report is one step in an ongoing process of change and is a plea for commitment for high standards in education in Iowa. Contains the final reports of the six subcommittees as adopted by the Excellence in Education Task Force, and the five recommendations made by the Task Force
Application of the IS-MP-IA model to the German economy and policy implications
No full textExtending the IS-MP-IA model developed by Romer (2000) and applying the GARCH (Engle, 1982, 2001) methodology, the author finds that equilibrium GDP in Germany is positively affected by stock market performance and real exchange rate appreciation, and negatively influenced by the expected inflation rate, the government deficit/GDP ratio, and the U.S. federal funds rate. The relatively low deficit/GDP ratio of 1.83% in 2003 indicates that its fiscal condition was healthy. However, some other EU members may need to exercise fiscal discipline. Because real appreciation has a positive impact on output, a stronger euro may not be a concern for Germany but may be worried by those EU member nations which depend upon exports to stimulate their economies.
IA Generativa pode ser coautora?
No full textIn this essay, we argue that Generative Artificial Intelligence can be considered a co-author when it significantly contributes to the creative process of producing a work. We present the concept of human-AI hybrid authorship, which involves revising the concepts of work, author, and (co)authorship, moving beyond an anthropocentric perspective. To support this notion, we analyze legal, ethical, artistic, and historical aspects. We conclude that Generative AI can be recognized as a co-author from a pragmatic standpoint. The notion of hybrid authorship is then used to analyze reality, discussing emblematic cases of co-creation with generative technologies.En este ensayo, argumentamos que la Inteligencia Artificial Generativa puede ser considerada coautora cuando contribuye significativamente al proceso creativo de producción de una obra. Presentamos el concepto de autoría híbrida humano-IA, que implica revisar los conceptos de obra, autor y (co)autoría, superando una perspectiva antropocéntrica. Para fundamentar esta noción, analizamos aspectos legales, éticos, artísticos e históricos. Concluimos que la IA Generativa puede ser reconocida como coautora desde un punto de vista pragmático. La noción de autoría híbrida se moviliza entonces para analizar la realidad, discutiendo casos emblemáticos de cocreación con tecnologías generativas.No presente artigo ensaístico, defende-se que a Inteligência Artificial Generativa pode ser considerada coautora quando contribui significativamente para o processo criativo de produção de uma obra. É apresentada a noção de autoria híbrida humano-IA, que implica em revisões dos conceitos de obra, autor e (co)autoria que superem a perspectiva antropocêntrica. Para fundamentar essa noção, são analisados aspectos legais, éticos, artísticos e históricos. Conclui-se que a IA Generativa pode ser reconhecida como coautora do ponto de vista pragmático. A noção de autoria híbrida é então mobilizada para analisar a realidade, discutindo casos emblemáticos sobre a cocriação com as tecnologias generativas
A Minimal History of the Cuban Revolution (Historia mínima de Ia Revolución Cubana), Book Presentation by Author Rafael Rojas
No full textThis flyer promotes the event A Minimal History of the Cuban Revolution (Historia mínima de Ia Revolución Cubana), Book Presentation by Author Rafael Rojas , part at the SIPA at Books & Books series. This event held at Books & Books in Coral Gables.https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/cri_events/1096/thumbnail.jp
Quelle éthique pour quelle IA ?
No full textInternational audienceThis study proposes an analysis of the different types of ethical approaches involved in the ethics of AI, and situates their interests and limits. First, the author introduces to the contemporary need for and meaning of ethics. He distinguishes it from other registers of normativities and underlines its inadequacy to formalization. He then presents a cartography of the landscape of ethical theories covered by moral philosophy, taking care to distinguish meta-ethics, normative ethics and applied ethics. In drawing up this overview, the author questions the relationship between ethics and artificial intelligence. The analysis focuses in particular on the main ethical currents that have imposed themselves in the ways of doing digital ethics and AI in our Western democracies. The author asks whether these practices of ethics, as they seem to crystallize today in a precise pattern, constitute a sufficient and sufficiently satisfactory response to our needs for ethics in AI. The study concludes with a reflection on the reasons why a human ethics of AI based on a pragmatic practice of contextual ethics remains necessary and irreducible to any formalization or automated treatment of the ethical questions that arise for humans.Cette étude propose une analyse des formes d'éthiques impliquées en éthique de l'IA, et en situe les intérêts et les limites. Dans un premier temps, l'auteur introduit au besoin contemporain et au sens de l'éthique. Il la distingue d'autres registres de normativités et en souligne le caractère impropre à la formalisation. Il présente ensuite une cartographie du paysage des théories éthiques que recouvre la philosophie morale, en prenant soin de distinguer la méta-éthique, l'éthique normative et l'éthique appliquée. En dressant ce panorama, l'auteur interroge les relations entre l'éthique et l'intelligence artificielle. L'analyse porte en particulier sur les grands courants de l'éthique qui se sont imposés dans les façons de faire de l'éthique du numérique et de l'IA dans nos démocraties occidentales. L'auteur se demande si ces pratiques, telles qu'elles semblent aujourd'hui cristallisées en une configuration précise, constituent une réponse suffisante et suffisamment satisfaisante à nos besoins d'éthique en matière d'IA. L'étude s'achève par une réflexion sur les raisons pour lesquelles une éthique humaine de l'IA, fondée dans une pratique pragmatiste de l'éthique en situation, reste nécessaire et irréductible à toute entreprise de formalisation ou de traitement automatisé des questions éthiques qui se posent aux humains
Quelle éthique pour quelle IA ?
No full textInternational audienceThis study proposes an analysis of the different types of ethical approaches involved in the ethics of AI, and situates their interests and limits. First, the author introduces to the contemporary need for and meaning of ethics. He distinguishes it from other registers of normativities and underlines its inadequacy to formalization. He then presents a cartography of the landscape of ethical theories covered by moral philosophy, taking care to distinguish meta-ethics, normative ethics and applied ethics. In drawing up this overview, the author questions the relationship between ethics and artificial intelligence. The analysis focuses in particular on the main ethical currents that have imposed themselves in the ways of doing digital ethics and AI in our Western democracies. The author asks whether these practices of ethics, as they seem to crystallize today in a precise pattern, constitute a sufficient and sufficiently satisfactory response to our needs for ethics in AI. The study concludes with a reflection on the reasons why a human ethics of AI based on a pragmatic practice of contextual ethics remains necessary and irreducible to any formalization or automated treatment of the ethical questions that arise for humans.Cette étude propose une analyse des formes d'éthiques impliquées en éthique de l'IA, et en situe les intérêts et les limites. Dans un premier temps, l'auteur introduit au besoin contemporain et au sens de l'éthique. Il la distingue d'autres registres de normativités et en souligne le caractère impropre à la formalisation. Il présente ensuite une cartographie du paysage des théories éthiques que recouvre la philosophie morale, en prenant soin de distinguer la méta-éthique, l'éthique normative et l'éthique appliquée. En dressant ce panorama, l'auteur interroge les relations entre l'éthique et l'intelligence artificielle. L'analyse porte en particulier sur les grands courants de l'éthique qui se sont imposés dans les façons de faire de l'éthique du numérique et de l'IA dans nos démocraties occidentales. L'auteur se demande si ces pratiques, telles qu'elles semblent aujourd'hui cristallisées en une configuration précise, constituent une réponse suffisante et suffisamment satisfaisante à nos besoins d'éthique en matière d'IA. L'étude s'achève par une réflexion sur les raisons pour lesquelles une éthique humaine de l'IA, fondée dans une pratique pragmatiste de l'éthique en situation, reste nécessaire et irréductible à toute entreprise de formalisation ou de traitement automatisé des questions éthiques qui se posent aux humains
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