1,721,267 research outputs found
MADFORWATER. WP2 Adaptation of wastewater treatment technologies for agricultural reuse. Task2.3 Agro-industrial wastewater treatment. Subtask2.3.1 Treatment of olive mill wastewater. Anaerobic co-digestion of olive mill wastewater with municipal sludge
No full textThe goal of this study was to develop a mesophilic anaerobic co-digestion (co-AD) process of olive mill wastewater (OMW) and sewage sludge (SwS) from municipal wastewater treatment. Different volumetric OMW:SwS ratios up to 100% OMW were fed in continuous 1.7-L bioreactors. The reactors fed with raw OMW (rOMW) performed better than those fed with OMW dephenolized by adsorption (dOMW). At a 23-day hydraulic retention time (HRT) the best performances were obtained in the reactor fed with 25% rOMW, with a 105% increase in methane yield in comparison to the 100% SwS test. At a 40-day HRT, the reactor fed with 40% rOMW attained a 268 NLCH4/kgVS methane yield (144% increase in comparison to 100% SwS). These results prove the feasibility of co-digesting with SwS the entire OMW production in regions characterized by intense olive oil production, with a strong increase in methane production
MADFORWATER. WP2. Adaptation of wastewater treatment technologies for agricultural reuse. Task2.3. Agro-industrial wastewater treatment. Subtask2.3.1. Treatment of olive mill wastewater. Phenolic compounds adsorption - process optimization, life cycle assessment and cost-benefit analysis
No full textOlive mill wastewaters (OMWs) represent a major environmental concern due to their high organic load and phytotoxic activity. The selective recovery of phenolic compounds (PCs) from OMW represents a promising technology, thanks to the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of PCs. The goal of this work was to optimize a process of PC adsorption / desorption on resin XAD16N, and to perform the life cycle assessment (LCA) and cost-benefit analysis (CBA) of the process. Adsorption tests were conducted at different velocities in a 1.8-m column packed with resin XAD16N. The optimal superficial velocity and retention time (2.78 m/h and 0.56 h) allowed the attainment of satisfactory performances in terms of resin operating capacity, PC adsorption yield, PC mass fraction in the sorbed product and specific antioxidant activity of the final product. Six consecutive adsorption / desorption cycles, operated with the same resin load, resulted in stable process performances. The LCA indicated that the environmental impact of the process could be markedly decreased through the addition of an anaerobic digestion step for the production of irrigation-quality water and fertilizers from the dephenolized OMW. The PC market price required for the generation of a positive business case resulted reasonable. The results indicate that the proposed PC adsorption/desorption technology, if integrated with an anaerobic digestion step, represents a promising solution for the treatment and valorisation of OMW, a major agro-industrial waste in Mediterranean countries. This dataset contains the data underlying the following publication: Continuous flow adsorption of phenolic compounds from olive mill wastewater with resin XAD16N: process optimization, life cycle assessment and cost-benefit analysis
MAR2PROTECT. Data about Development and validation of an adsorption process for phosphate removal and recovery from municipal wastewater based on hydrotalcite-related materials
No full textIn the current international context characterized by the tendency to stricter limits for phosphorous (P) concentration in treated wastewater and a strong drive towards phosphate recovery, it is crucial to develop cost-effective technologies to remove and recover phosphate from municipal wastewater (MWW). This dataset, produced in the framework of the Horizon Europe “MAR2PROTECT” project, contains data related to the screening of the phosphate adsorption performances of 9 sorbents including several hydrotalcites. The studied sorbents were: “Pural 70” and “Pural 50”, provided by Sasol, in their commercial form and after calcination at 500 °C for 5 h (“calcined Pural 70” and “calcined Pural 50”); “calcined Pural 70” after impregnation with Fe2O3 (“Calcined Pural 70 + Fe2O3”); “FerroSorp® Plus”; the commercial “HAIX LayneRT”; “Pyroaurite”, a hydrotalcite that has iron as constituent synthesized internally at the University of Bologna, before and after calcination (“calcined Pyroaurite”). The screening was conducted with actual MWW and with a saline MWW deriving from a hotspot of seawater intrusion and led to the selection of calcined Pyroaurite - an innovative material composed of mixed Mg/Fe oxides - as the best-performing sorbent. In particular, the dataset includes data about the physical-chemical properties of the effluents and sorbents used in the tests and data about isotherms and continuous-flow adsorption/desorption tests conducted with the studied sorbents, including the outcomes of some model simulations of the proposed process
MADFORWATER – WP2: Adaptation of wastewater treatment technologies for agricultural reuse – Task 2.3: Agro-industrial wastewater treatment – Subtask 2.3.1: Treatment of olive mill wastewater – Olive mill wastewater treatment by polyphenol separation and anaerobic digestion
No full textThis dataset reports the data relative to a study of polyuphenol separation from olive mill wastewater. The goals of this study were (i) to compare two anion ion exchange resins (IRA958 Cl and IRA67) and a non-ionic resin (XAD16) in terms of phenolic compounds adsorption capacity from olive mill wastewater, and (ii) to compare the adsorption capacity of the best resin on columns of different length. The ion exchange resins proved less performant than non-ionic XAD16 in terms of resin utilization efficiency (20% versus 43%) and phenolic compounds/COD enrichment factor (1.0 versus 2.5). The addition of volatile fatty acids did not hinder phenolic compounds adsorption on either resin, suggesting a non-competitive adsorption mechanism. A pH increase from 4.9 to 7.2 did not affect the result of this comparison. For the best performing resin (XAD16), an increase in column length from 0.5 to 1.8 m determined an increase in resin utilization efficiency (from 12% to 43%), resin productivity (from 3.4 to 7.6 gsorbed phenolics/kgresin) and phenolics/COD enrichment factor (from 1.2 to 2.5). An axial dispersion model with non-equilibrium adsorption accurately interpreted the phenolic compounds and COD experimental curves
FIT4REUSE. WP3. Regeneration and modelling of a phosphorous removal and recovery hybrid ion exchange resin after long term operation with municipal wastewater
No full textAdsorption represents one of the most promising process for phosphorous (P) removal and recovery from municipal wastewater, but questions about its long-term stability remain. The goals of this work were (i) to assess changes in morphology and adsorption performances of hybrid anion exchanger (HAIX) LayneRT after 2.5 years of operation in a 10 m3 d-1 demonstration plant fed with secondary-treated municipal wastewater, (ii) to optimize the LayneRT regeneration procedure, and (iii) to evaluate the suitability of the ion exchange model to describe P adsorption on LayneRT. LayneRT is composed of hydrated ferric nanoparticles dispersed in a strong base anion exchange resin. Batch and continuous flow adsorption/desorption tests were conducted with the resin used for 2.5 years, regenerated with two alternative solutions: NaOH, reactivating mainly the iron nanoparticles active sites, and NaOH + NaCl, also regenerating the active sites of the ion exchange media. The physicochemical characterization by Scanning Electron Microscope indicated that regeneration by NaOH significantly reduced the deterioration of the resin surface, even after 59 adsorption/desorption cycles. Lab-scale continuous flow tests showed that the resin regenerated with either solution featured P adsorption performances very close to that of the virgin resin. The isotherm tests showed that P adsorption by LayneRT was effectively simulated with the ion exchange model. This study confirms that LayneRT is a durable, resistant and promising media for P recovery from wastewater
MADFORWATER: WP2: Adaptation of wastewater treatment technologies for agricultural reuse: Task2.3: Agro-industrial wastewater treatment: Subtask2.3.1: Treatment of olive mill wastewater: procedure for the selection of the optimal sorbent for phenolic compounds recovery
No full textA procedure for the selection of the optimal adsorbent for phenolic compounds (PC) recovery from PC-rich wastes and wastewaters was innovatively proposed and applied to compare 4 neutral resins (Amberlite XAD 16, Optipore SD-2, Amberlite FPX66, Amberlite XAD761) and 1 ion-exchange resin (IRA958 Cl) for PC recovery from a Tunisian olive mill wastewater (OMW)
Ammonium recovery from municipal wastewater by ion exchange
No full textIon exchange represents one of the most promising processes for ammonium recovery from municipal wastewater (MWW). However, most previous studies on ammonium ion exchange did not optimize the process or evaluate its robustness under real operational conditions. This experimental study aimed at (i) developing a procedure for the selection of a sorbent for selective ammonium removal/recovery from MWW, (ii) validating the procedure by applying it to several sorbents, (iii) performing a preliminary optimization and robustness assessment of ammonium removal/recovery with the selected sorbent. The application of the procedure to natural and synthetic zeolites and a cation exchange resin confirmed that batch isotherm tests need to be integrated by continuous-flow tests. The selected sorbent, a natural mixture of Chabazite and Phillipsite, resulted in high performances in terms of cation exchange capacity (33 mgN gdry resin-1), ammonium operating capacity (5.2 mgN gdry resin-1), ammonium recovery yield (78-91%) and selectivity towards ammonium. The process performances resulted stable during 7 adsorption/desorption cycles conducted with MWW treatment plant effluents in a 60-cm column. The switch to a highly saline effluent produced in a hotspot of seawater intrusion did not determine significant changes in performances. Contact time was reduced to 6 min without any decrease in performances. Potassium – well tolerated by crops – was selected as the regenerating agent, in the perspective to produce a desorbed product to be re-used as fertilizer. The study shows that Chabazite/Phillipsite has a high capacity to recover ammonium from MWW in a circular economy approach
MADFORWATER. WP2-Adaptation of wastewater treatment technologies for agricultural reuse. Task2.2-Municipal wastewater and drainage canal water treatment. Subtask2.2.1.b1-Municipal wastewater, canalized aerobic/anoxic lagoons and Subtask2.2.2-Drainage canal water treatment by means of canalized facultative lagoons
No full textIn the Nile Delta, a complex network of canals collects drainage water from surface-irrigated fields, but also municipal wastewater. The goal of this work was to assess the technical, environmental and financial feasibility of the upgrade of a drainage canal (DC) into either an in-stream constructed wetland (ICW) or a canalized facultative lagoon (CFL), in order to produce a water re-usable in agriculture according to the Egyptian law. The model-based design of the proposed technologies was derived from field experimental data for the ICW and laboratory data for the CFL. Both technologies, integrated by a sedimentation pond and a disinfection canal, led to the attainment of the water quality standards imposed by Egyptian Law 92/2013 for the reuse of drainage water. The life cycle assessment indicated that the proposed upgrade of an existing DC resulted in a decrease of environmental burden for the ICW, or in an environmental impact equal to 0.3% of that of a traditional activated sludge process for the CFL. The cost/benefit analysis (CBA) was based on the assumptions that (i) farmers currently irrigate a non-food crop (cotton) with the low quality drainage water present in the DC, and (ii) thanks to the upgrade to a ICW or CFL, farmers will irrigate a food crop characterized by a higher market price (rice). The CBA indicated that the DC upgrade to an ICW represents an attractive investment, as it leads to a financial rate of return > 10% over a wide range of cotton market prices. Conversely, the upgrade to a CFL is less attractive due to high investment costs. In conclusion, the upgrade of DCs to ICWs appears a promising option for the treatment of drainage canal water in the Nile Delta, thanks to the high pollutant removal performances, low cost and negligible environmental burden
Kinetics of aerobic cometabolic biodegradation of chlorinated and brominated aliphatic hydrocarbons: A review
No full textThis review analyses kinetic studies of aerobic cometabolism (AC) of halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons (HAHs) from 2001 - 2015 in order to (i) compare the different kinetic models proposed, (ii) analyse the estimated model parameters with a focus on novel HAHs and the identification of general trends, and (iii) identify further research needs. The results of this analysis show that AC can biodegrade a wide range of HAHs, including HAHs that were not previously tested such as chlorinated propanes, highly chlorinated ethanes and brominated methanes and ethanes. The degree of chlorine mineralization, was very high for the chlorinated HAHs. Bromine mineralization was not determined for studies with brominated aliphatics. The examined research period led to the identification of novel growth substrates of potentially high interest. Decreasing performance of AC were found with increasing chlorination, indicating the high potential of AC in the presence of medium- and low-halogenated HAHs. Further research is needed for the AC of brominated aliphatic hydrocarbons, the potential for biofilm AC processes, HAH-HAH mutual inhibition and the identification of the enzymes responsible for each AC process. Lastly, some indications for a possible standardization of future kinetic studies of HAH AC are provided
Effect of oxygen mass transfer rate on the production of 2,3-butanediol from glucose and agro-industrial byproducts by Bacillus licheniformis ATCC9789
Full text linkAbstract Background 2,3-Butanediol (BD) is a largely used fossil-based platform chemical. The yield and productivity of bio-based BD fermentative production must be increased and cheaper substrates need to be identified, to make bio-based BD production more competitive. As BD bioproduction occurs under microaerobic conditions, a fine tuning and control of the oxygen transfer rate (OTR) is crucial to maximize BD yield and productivity. Very few studies on BD bioproduction focused on the use of non-pathogenic microorganisms and of byproducts as substrate. The goal of this work was to optimize BD bioproduction by the non-pathogenic strain Bacillus licheniformis ATCC9789 by (i) identifying the ranges of volumetric and biomass-specific OTR that maximize BD yield and productivity using standard sugar and protein sources, and (ii) performing a preliminary evaluation of the variation in process performances and cost resulting from the replacement of glucose with molasses, and beef extract/peptone with chicken meat and bone meal, a byproduct of the meat production industry. Results OTR optimization with an expensive, standard medium containing glucose, beef extract and peptone revealed that OTRs in the 7–15 mmol/L/h range lead to an optimal BD yield (0.43 ± 0.03 g/g) and productivity (0.91 ± 0.05 g/L/h). The corresponding optimal range of biomass-specific OTR was equal to 1.4–7.9 mmolO2/gCDW/h , whereas the respiratory quotient ranged from 1.8 to 2.5. The switch to an agro-industrial byproduct-based medium containing chicken meat and bone meal and molasses led to a 50% decrease in both BD yield and productivity. A preliminary economic analysis indicated that the use of the byproduct-based medium can reduce by about 45% the BD production cost. Conclusions A procedure for OTR optimization was developed and implemented, leading to the identification of a range of biomass-specific OTR and respiratory quotient to be used for the scale-up and control of BD bioproduction by Bacillus licheniformis. The switch to a byproduct-based medium led to a relevant decrease in BD production cost. Further research is needed to optimize the process of BD bioproduction from the tested byproduct-based medium
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