1,720,955 research outputs found
A genome wide association study for diarrhea resistance in pre-weaned rabbits identified markersuseful to breed for increased animal welfare.
No full textAnimal welfare and reduction of antimicrobial agents are gaining more and more importance in defining sustainable livestock production systems. Adopting novel breeding and selection strategies that directly or indirectly address these aspects can also improve efficiency and farmers’ profitability. In commercial rabbitries, diarrhea of newborn rabbits represents one of the major sources of economic losses. Genetic resistance against diarrhea can be dissected using genomic approaches. In this study, we carried out a case-control genome-wide association study for identifying genomic regions affecting the sensitivity to pre-weaning diarrhea in a commercial rabbit population. Animals included in the study were from litters produced by crossing 7 bucks and 45 does. A total of 331 newborn rabbits (149 healthy and 182 with diarrhetic) were selected from litters presenting at least one case and one control animal. Genotyping of the selected rabbits was carried out with the Affymetrix Axiom OrcunSNP Array, which analyse a total of 199,692 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). PLINK v.1.9 was used for quality checks and data filtering whereas association was carried out with GEMMA v.0.98 via linear mixed models. A main peak of association was identified on rabbit chromosome 12. Results were further validated by genotyping the associated DNA markers in additional cases and controls from another cohort of the same rabbit population. Fine mapping of the region based on whole genome resequencing data obtained from a few cases and controls identified a few candidate causative mutations in genes involved in basic immunological functions. The genomic information here obtained will be useful for implementing a marker assisted selection program aimed at improving resistance against pre-weaning diarrhea and improving animal welfare and the sustainability of the rabbit production system
Investigating genetic factors affecting a production disease in meat rabbits: a genome-wide association study on susceptibility to diarrhea before weaning
No full textEnsuring animal welfare and reducing antimicrobial agents are becoming key aspects in the development of sustainable livestock production systems. The implementation and adoption of novel breeding and selection strategies that align with these aspects can enhance both production efficiency and farmers' profitability. As a result, sustainability and economic returns in livestock farming can be simultaneously improved, especially in the rabbit production system, where diseases like diarrhea in newborn rabbits represent a major source of economic losses. In this study, we aimed to genetically dissect the resistance against diarrhea by designing a case-control genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify genetic markers affecting the sensitivity to this disease in a commercial meat rabbit population. The study included rabbits from 133 litters produced by crossing 7 bucks and 45 does. A total of 332 suckling rabbits were selected from 45 different litters, with 151 rabbits with severe symptoms of diarrhea, 42 with mild symptoms and 129 without any symptoms until weaning. Genotyping of these animals was done using the Affymetrix Axiom OrcunSNP Array, which interrogates a total of 199,692 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The data obtained were quality checked and filtered using PLINK v.1.9 software. Genomic heritability (h2G) estimation of the trait was carried out with GEMMA v.0.98 software with linear mixed models. Genomic heritability estimates ranged from 0.19 to 0.21 (with standard error that ranged from 0.09 to 0.10). Three main peaks of SNPs were identified on rabbit chromosome 12 (OCU12), OCU13 and OCU16, with annotation of these genomic regions indicating genes involved in the innate immune system as potential candidates for this pathogenic condition. Results were validated by genotyping associated SNPs in additional cases and control animals from a different rabbit cohort of the same population. Fine mapping of these genomic regions was conducted by mining whole genome resequencing data obtained from several susceptible and resistant rabbits within the same litters, identifying a few candidate causative mutations. Overall, the results obtained in this genomic study demonstrate that resistance to enteropathy occurring in suckling rabbits is partially genetically determined and can be dissected at the genomic level. This information will be useful for implementing a marker assisted selection program aimed at improving resistance against pre-weaning diarrhea, animal welfare and the overall sustainability of the rabbit production system
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
- …
