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Perencanaan Ulang Metode Perbaikan Tanah pada Tol Batang – Semarang Seksi III STA 419+700 – 424+000 dengan Menggunakan PVD, Geotekstil, Stone Column,dan Deep Mixing Cement
Get PDFPerkembangan dari suatu wilayah baik secara fisik maupun sosial dapat dilihat dari segi pesatnya pembangunan infrastukturnya; salah satunya adalah perkembangan infrastruktur transportasi. Salah satu dari perkembangan infrastruktur transportasi adalah pembangunan jalan tol dengan memberikan kemudahan mobilitas. Indonesia sedang mengembangkan jalan tol trans. Jalan tol trans Jawa salah satu yang dikembangkan dengan salah satu ruas jalan tol Batang – Semarang Seksi III. Dengan tinggi timbunan dan kedalaman tanah lunak berbeda beda tiap titiknya. Pada titik STA 419+700 – STA 424+000 dengan rata-rata tinggi timbunan setinggi 5 - 14 meter dan kedalaman tanah lunaknya 5 – 10,5 meter. Adapun metode perbaikan yang sudah direncanakan adalah pergantian tanah lunak dengan tanah padas sedalam 0,5 meter sampai 2 meter, preloading setinggi 2 meter, dan geotekstil yang dipasang dengan tinggi 2 meter dari tanah dasar. Pada tugas akhir ini akan dilakukan perencanaan ulang dalam metode perbaikan tanah. Metode yang digunakan yaitu untuk pekutan timbunannya menggunakan Geotekstil dan untuk perkuatan pada tanah dasarnya menggunakan PVD, Stone Column, dan Deep Mixing Cement (DMC). PVD ini ditujukan untuk mempercepat pemampatan yang terjadi. Sedangkan Deep soil mixing, Stone Column, dan Geotekstil digunakan untuk perkuatan tanah dasar dan timbunan. Metode Deep Mixing Cement dilakukan dengan cara mencampurkan bahan semen kedalam tanah berupa kolom-kolom. Metode Stone Column dibuat dengan membentuk kolom-kolom vertikal dari batu kerikil yang tidak diikat oleh bahan semen. Sedangkan Geotekstil dipasang pada tanah timbunan sebagai perkuatan lereng dan tanah dasarnya. Analisa alternatif yang terpilih nantinya ditinjau dai segi biaya material yang ekonomis. Hasil dari perencanaan yang telah dianalisa didapatkan grafik disetiap titik STA dengan pembagian tinggi timbunan menjadi 4 bagian yaitu 5 meter, 7 meter, 10 meter, dan 14 meter. Dari hasil yang didapat semakin tinggi timbunan maka kebutuhan akan perkuatan pun juga semakin banyak, akan tetapi untuk timbunan 5 meter dan 7 meter dari hasil analisa tidak memiliki banyak perbedaan untuk perencanaannya. Spesifikasi yang digunakan Geotextile Unwoven 250 (UW-250) dengan nilai Tensile strength sebesar 52 kNm. Pada kebutuhan PVD untuk tinggi timbunan 14 meter memiliki waktu konsolidasi berbeda dengan timbunan lainnya dan juga jarak pemasangan yang berbeda. Untuk metode Stone Column digunakan jarak pemasangan antar kolom 2 meter dan diameter kolom 0,5 meter, dan juga untuk Deep Mixing Cement diameter yang digunakan 1,2 meter, jarak pemasangan Scenter adalah 2 meter, dan jarak pemasangan Sshear 3 meter. Dari hasil perhitungan alternatif tersbut didapatkan alternatif PVD dan Stone Column karena memiliki biaya material yang lebih ekonomis dari alternatif yang lain.
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The development of a region both physically and socially can be seen in terms of the rapid development of its infrastructure; one of them is the development of transportation infrastructure. One of the developments in transportation infrastructure is the construction of toll roads by providing easy mobility. Indonesia is developing a trans toll road. The Trans Java toll road is one of which was developed with one of the Section III toll road segments of the Batang - Semarang toll road. With the height of the embankment and the depth of the soft soil different from each point. At point STA 419 + 700 - STA 424 + 000 with an average heap height of 5-14 meters and soft soil depth of 5 - 10.5 meters. The repair method that has been planned is the replacement of soft soil with padas soil as deep as 0.5 meters to 2 meters, preloading as high as 2 meters, and geotextiles that are installed 2 meters high from the subgrade. In this final project a re-planning will be carried out in the method of soil improvement. The method used is to load the embankment using geotextiles and to reinforce the ground using PVD, Stone Column, and Deep Mixing Cement (DMC). PVD is intended to accelerate the compression that occurs. While Deep soil mixing, Stone Column, and Geotextile are used for reinforcement of subgrade and heaps. The Deep Mixing Cement method is done by mixing cement material into the soil in the form of columns. Stone Column method is created by forming vertical columns of gravel that are not bound by cement material. Whereas the geotextile was installed on the land of the embankment as a reinforcement of the slope and the ground. Analysis of selected alternatives will be reviewed in terms of economic material costs. The results of the planning that have been analyzed are graphed at each STA point by dividing the heap height into 4 parts, namely 5 meters, 7 meters, 10 meters, and 14 meters. From the results obtained, the higher the heap, the more the demand for reinforcement will be increased, but for the 5 meters and 7 meters embankment the results of the analysis do not have much difference for the planning. The specifications used are Unwoven Geotextile 250 (UW-250) with a Tensile strength value of 52 kNm. The PVD requirement for 14 meters embankment has a different consolidation time with other embankments and also different mounting distances. For the Stone Column method, the installation distance between 2 meters and 0.5 meter column diameter is used, and also for the Deep Mixing Cement used diameter of 1.2 meters, Scenter's mounting distance is 2 meters, and the Sshear installation distance is 3 meters. From the results of the alternative calculations obtained alternative PVD and Stone Column because it has a more economical material cost than other alternatives
Model Penilaian Keberlanjutan Sosial Pada Pekerja Lapangan Proyek Konstruksi
No full textPrinsip pembangunan berkelanjutan untuk memberikan manfaat dari segi aspek ekonomi, sosial, dan lingkungan. Karakteristik aspek sosial suatu proyek memiliki tingkat ketidakpastian yang tinggi. Keterlibatan dalam implementasi keberlanjutan sosial bengantung pada interaksi disetiap pemangku kepentingan (Stakeholder). Salah satu stakeholder yang terlibat adalah kontraktor, dimana terdapat pekerja lapangan ikut berperan penting dalam tercapainya kesuksesan proyek untuk mendapatkan kebermanfaatan secara maksimal. Persepsi yang diharapkan adalah dari sisi pekerja lapangan proyek konstruksi untuk aspek keberlanjutan sosial. Persepsi pekerja lapangan sendiri mengenai sudut pandang harapan dan realita yang dirasakan oleh pekerja. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk membangun model penilaian keberlanjutan sosial pada pekerja lapangan proyek konstruksi. Pada penelitian ini membentuk model penilaian keberlanjutan sosial pekerja diaplikasikan pada proyek konstruksi. Untuk membangun model penilaian keberlanjutan sosial pekerja, penelitian ini menggunakan metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) dan Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation (FCE). Metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) digunakan untuk melakukan pembobotan pada kriteria keberlanjutan sosial. Dimana akan membentuk urutan bobot dari kriteria penilaian secara hierarki dan dapat mengetahui kriteria yang memiliki bobot terbesar. Metode Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation (FCE) melakukan evaluasi penilaian keberlanjutan sosial dari pekerja lapangan yang didapatkan melalui penilaian harapan dan realita yang dinilai oleh pekerja. Dengan pembobotan yang telah didapat mengunakan metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), hasil dari penilaian tersebut dapat mengakomodasi nilai keberlanjutan sosial pada pekerja lapangan secara keseluruhan, dengan membandingkan nilai harapan dan realita. Melalui model penilaian ini dapat melihat kriteria yang ingin dipenuhi untuk mencapai keberlanjutan sosial pada pekerja. Pada penerapannya hasil akhir dari model penilaian melalui studi kasus didapatkan nilai keberlanjutan sosial pada pekerja lapangan konstruksi sebesar 0.948. Sehingga nilai tersebut dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan evaluasi dalam meningkatkan keberlanjutan sosial pada pekerja lapangan
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The principle of sustainable development is to provide benefits in terms of economic, social and environmental aspects. Characteristics of social aspects of a project have a high degree of uncertainty. Involvement in implementation of social sustainability depends on interaction of each stakeholder. One of stakeholders involved is contractor, where there are field workers who play an important role in achieving project success to get maximum benefit. Expected perception is from side of construction project field workers in social sustainability aspect. Perception of field workers themselves regarding point of view of expectations and reality felt by workers. Purpose of this study is to build a model of social sustainability assessment for construction project field workers. In this study, a model for assessing social sustainability of workers is applied to construction projects. To build a model for assessing social sustainability of workers, this study uses Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation (FCE) methods. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method is used to weight social sustainability criteria. Where will form a sequence of weights from assessment criteria in a hierarchical manner and can find out which criteria have greatest weight. Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation (FCE) method evaluates social sustainability assessments from field workers obtained through an assessment of expectations and realities assessed by workers. With weighting that has been obtained using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method, results of assessment can accommodate social sustainability value of field workers as a whole, by comparing values of expectations and reality. Through this assessment model, it is possible to see criteria to be met to achieve social sustainability for workers. In the application of final result of assessment model through a case study, value of social sustainability for construction field workers is 0.948. So that this value can be used as an evaluation material in improving social sustainability for field worker
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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