1,720,986 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Post-Mortem Investigation Through Virtual Autopsy Techniques: Proposal of a New Diagnostic Approach to Reduce the Risks of Operators During Emergencies
Full text linkNatural outbreaks of biological agents, causing local and global emergencies, have impacted human safety, social/political/economical activities, and the security of critical infrastructures. Lessons learned by previous emergencies have been used by decision-makers not only to improve the phases of prevention, intervention, and recovery of normality but also to facilitate the dual-use of methods, instruments, and technologies. A crucial phase of emergency management is the investigation that in the past was based on questioning, suspicions, witnesses, and often unreliable evidence. Nowadays investigation is supported by technology and various types of forensics that are deeply involved. The authors in this paper consider the pandemic outbreak of SARS-COV-2 as a case study and propose virtual autopsy by postmortem CT (PMCT) as a technique to facilitate post-mortem examinations on ascertained or suspected SARS-COV-2 cases. This method reduces the risk of infection for the operators that have to conduct the particular investigations during the emergencies
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Health Technology Assessment (HTA) of virtual autopsy through PMCT with particular focus on Italy
No full textObjectives: Over the last decades interest has grown in the use of virtual autopsy through PMCT as an adjunct or alternative to the invasive autopsy. Health technology assessment (HTA) is currently one of the major challenges in assessing medical innovations and healthcare systems. This paper is focused on HTA applied to unenhanced PMCT with the aim to evaluate the impact of this tech-nology in forensic investigations with particular focus on Italy. Materials and methods: In this paper EUnetHTA Core Model individual domains were applied to unenhanced PMCT virtual autopsy.Results: This is the first pilot HTA report using the HTA Core Model regarding virtual autopsy. Virtual autopsy provides many advantages in comparison to traditional autopsy such as the reduction of infection risk, guidance for subsequent autopsy, and moreover allows archiving of data that can be viewed and analyzed in the future by various experts. PMCT can add important information to traditional autopsy and in selected cases, has been proposed as a replacement for classical autopsy, the current gold standard. Conclusions: Unenhanced PMCT is a valuable technique in terms of advantages provided, also considering added costs. Based on the results of our analysis, we recommend a larger introduction of this technology in forensic investigations. The greatest benefits are expected after the implementation of dedicated CT scans for post-mortem examinations, that would simplify workflow and the management of cadavers. Thus, we recommend a significant inclusion of PMCT in forensic investigations
Potentials of post-mortem CT investigations during SARS-COV-2 pandemic: a narrative review
No full textIn December 2019, a new coronavirus, SARS-COV-2, caused a cluster of cases of pneumonia in China, and rapidly spread across the globe. It was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11th, 2020. Virtual autopsy by post-mortem CT (PMCT) and its ancillary techniques are currently applied in post-mortem examinations as minimally or non-invasive techniques with promising results. In this narrative review, we speculate on the potentials of PMCT and its ancillary techniques, as a viable investigation technique for analysis of suspected or confirmed SARS-COV-2 deaths. An online literature search was performed by using three prefix search terms (postmortem, post-mortem, post mortem) individually combined with the suffix radiology, imaging, computed tomography, CT and with the search terms 'SARS-CoV-2' and 'COVID-19' to identify papers about PMCT and its ancillary techniques in SARS-COV-2 positive cadavers. PMCT findings suggestive for pulmonary COVID-19 in deceased positive SARS-COV-2 infection are reported in the literature. PMCT ancillary techniques were never applied in such cases. PMCT imaging of the lungs has been proposed as a pre-autopsy screening method for SARS-COV-2 infection. Further studies are needed to ascertain the value of PMCT in determining COVID-19 as the cause of death without autopsy histopathological confirmation. We advocate the application of PMCT techniques in the study of ascertained or suspected SARS-COV-2 infected deceased individuals as a screening technique and as a method of post-mortem investigation, to augment the numbers of case examined and significantly reducing infection risk for the operators
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