1,720,971 research outputs found
resin and oil of tupentine: multifactorial analysis of risk factors based on data of the IVDK network
No full textFragrances are among the most common contact sensitizers. Changes in exposure lead to subsequent changes of sensitization incidence; patterns of exposure may be reflected in certain surrogate markers such as affected anatomical site or occupation. The objective of this study was to provide current results on sensitization prevalences to the fragrance allergy screening markers of the patch test baseline series, on time trends and on risk factors associated with sensitization. Data of all patients tested between 1999 and 2012 with fragrance mix I (8% petrolatum (pet.) n=130325), fragrance mix II (14% pet., since 2005, n=81290), Myroxylon pereirae resin (25% pet., n=130258) and oil of turpentine (10% pet., n=131595), respectively, in the Information Network of Departments of Dermatology (IVDK, ) were subject to descriptive and log-binomial regression analysis. Overall, 16.31% of patients had a positive patch test reaction to at least one of the four markers. The prevalence to each of the four single markers was 8.71, 4.87, 8.36 and 1.95%. A peculiar downward trend of FM I until around 2006/2007 with subsequent increase, both significant, was noted. Mostly, sensitization risk was higher in older patients and females, and was to a varying extent associated with certain anatomical sites. The mostly stable or even increasing time trends warrant further in-depth research into causative exposures, addressing the effectiveness of (self-) regulation, aggregate exposure and cocktail effect'. Copyright (c) 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Exposition gegenüber ultravioletter Strahlung in der frühen Kindheit: Auswirkungen und Prävention
Get PDFHintergrund und Ziele
Ultraviolette (UV) Strahlung ist ein bekannter Risikofaktor bei der Entstehung von Hauttumoren wie dem malignen Melanom, das seit Jahren steigende Inzidenzzahlen verzeichnet. Die Haut von Kindern gilt als empfindlicher gegenüber UV-Strahlung als die Haut von Erwachsenen. In dieser Arbeit soll untersucht werden, wie sich die Exposition gegenüber UV-Strahlung in der frühen Kindheit auf das Melanomrisiko auswirkt und wie die Hautkrebsprävention speziell in dieser Phase aussieht.
Methoden
Mit Daten des bayerischen Krebsregisters sowie Daten des bayerischen Landesamtes für Statistik zur Geburtenverteilung wurde die Hypothese untersucht, ob Melanompatienten häufiger im Frühjahr geboren sind als die Allgemeinbevölkerung und somit in den ersten Lebensmonaten im Sommer einer höheren UV-Strahlung ausgesetzt sind.
Die Hautkrebsprävention im Kindesalter wurde anhand einer Querschnittsstudie in 246 Kindertagesseinrichtungen in Bayern untersucht, in der das praktizierte Sonnenschutzverhalten und die Beschattungssituation im Außenbereich der Einrichtungen untersucht wurde.
Ergebnisse
Eine deskriptive Auswertung der Daten des bayerischen Krebsregisters zeigte, dass Melanompatienten am häufigsten in den Frühjahrsmonaten (März – Mai) geboren waren. Adjustiert auf die Geburtenverteilung der Allgemeinbevölkerung ergab sich im Regressionsmodell kein signifikanter saisonaler Unterschied mehr.
Sonnenschutzmaßnahmen zur Prävention von Hautkrebs in Kindertageseinrichtungen umfassten häufig das Tragen von Kopfbedeckungen und die Verwendung von Sonnencreme, während das Meiden der Mittagssonne selten als Maßnahme genannt wurde. Einrichtungen, die mehr Kinder betreuten, wiesen in ihrem Außenbereich auch einen prozentual größeren beschatteten Bereich auf.
Schlussfolgerungen
Personen, die im Frühjahr geboren waren, hatten kein signifikant höheres Melanomrisiko. Die Hypothese einer erhöhten Empfindlichkeit gegenüber UV-Strahlung speziell in den ersten Lebensmonaten konnte somit entgegen den Ergebnissen früherer Studien nicht bestätigt werden. Dennoch gilt die Exposition gegenüber UV-Strahlung als einer der wichtigsten Risikofaktoren bei der Entstehung von Hautkrebs und sollte im Rahmen der Prävention reduziert werden. In den befragten Kindertageseinrichtungen konnten Defizite in der Beschattung des Außenbereichs und der Umsetzung von Sonnenschutzmaßnahmen zur Vermeidung von UV-Exposition aufgedeckt werden. Diese Erkenntnisse können sowohl für weiterführende Studien als auch zukünftige Präventionskampagnen in Kindertageseinrichtungen von Nutzen sein
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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