1,721,005 research outputs found
A structural magnetic resonance imaging studyof the parietal lobe in bipolar disorder
No full textTitolo: Un studio di risonanza magnetica strutturale del lobo parietale nel disturbo bipolare
Introduzione: Il lobo parietale (PL) ha ricevuto poca attenzione nella letteratura di imaging cerebrale rispetto ad altre regioni del cervello. Ciò Nonostante, il PL ha dimostrato di essere coinvolto in diversi processi neurocognitivi (ad esempio l’attenzione, la pianificazione e il controllo motorio, la regolazione emotiva), che sembrano essere alterati nella schizofrenia e, in misura minore, nel disturbo bipolare (BD). Inoltre, alcuni studi hanno evidenziato la presenza di alterazioni strutturali del PL in queste patologie, suggerendo così che il PL possa rappresentare una regione di interesse, per una migliore comprensione del BD.
Obiettivi: L'obiettivo di questo studio è di valutare la volumetria del PL in pazienti con BD rispetto a soggetti sani e di esplorare possibili cambiamenti di volume nel tempo, con l’utilizzo di immagini di risonanza magnetica strutturale (SMRI). Inoltre, il nostro obiettivo è quello di indagare le possibili relazioni tra anatomia del PL e le variabili socio-demografiche e cliniche, al fine di chiarire il ruolo del PL, come parte di una rete cerebrale più estesa, che possa sostenere la sintomatologia del BD. Questo progetto è incluso in uno studio intitolato FIRST (Following Imaging Resilience features in Schizophrenia and affecTive disorder)
Metodi: Un campione di pazienti con diagnosi di BD (DSM-IV) è stato selezionato attraverso il Registro Psichiatrico dei Casi di Verona Sud. E’ stato inoltre reclutato un gruppo di volontari sani. Tutti i soggetti che hanno soddisfatto i criteri di inclusione per lo studio sono stati sottoposti a SMRI, insieme a una valutazione clinica composta da scale di valutazione, atte a misurare il funzionamento globale e le dimensioni psicopatologiche. Le variabili socio-demografiche e cliniche (cioè l'età d’esordio, il numero di ricoveri, il trattamento psicofarmacologico) sono stati raccolti durante un'intervista ai pazienti e con l’utilizzo delle cartelle cliniche.
Risultati: Quarantasei pazienti con BD e 47 controlli sani (HC) (paragonabili per sesso ed età) sono stati sottoposti a SMRI. Ventidue pazienti con BD e 16 HC hanno ripetuto l’esame di MRI ad 1 anno, per la fase follow up. Il PL bilaterale è stato tracciato manualmente nel piano sagittale (Brains2 software) e sono stati calcolati i volumi della sostanza grigia (GM) e della sostanza bianca (WM). Dai risultati delle analisi cross sectional è emersa una riduzione statisticamente significativa della GM e della WM del PL destro e sinistro (a sinistra GM p = 0,019; diritto GM p = 0,034; lasciato WM p = 0.000, giusto WM p = 0.001) nei pazienti con BD, rispetto al soggetti sani. Nell'analisi longitudinale, è stato osservato un effetto significativo del gruppo sulla WM bilaterale del PL (sinistra WM p = 0,007, destra WM P = 0,026), e un effetto del tempo sulla GM del PL bilaterale (GM sinistra p = 0,023; destra GM p = 0,017). Non è stata osservata un’ interazione di gruppo x tempo statisticamente significativa (p> 0,05). Le analisi di correlazione hanno mostrato una correlazione inversa e significativa tra la WM e la GM del PL bilaterali e la durata della malattia (a sinistra PL WM p = 0,001, a destra PL WM p = 0,002, sinistra PL GM p = 0,001, a destra PL GM p = 0,001) e tra la WM del PL bilaterale e i punteggi alla Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) (a sinistra PL WM p = 0,002, a destra PL WM p = 0,004) nel gruppo dei pazienti. Inoltre, è emersa una correlazione positiva tra la WM del PL del e i punteggi la Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) (p = 0,004).
Conclusione: I risultati hanno mostrato una riduzione significativa dei volumi del PL (GM, WM) in pazienti con BD, rispetto ai HC. Nessuna interazione gruppo x tempo è stata osservata nell'analisi longitudinale. Inoltre, la riduzione dei volumi del PL sembra essere associata con la gravità della depressione (HDRS), e con la cronicità e il funzionamento globale.Title: A structural magnetic resonance imaging study of the parietal lobe in bipolar disorder
Background: Little attention has been given to the parietal lobe (PL) in brain imaging literature, compared to other brain regions. Despite that, PL has been shown to be involved in several neurocognitive processes (i.e. attention, motor planning and control, emotion regulation), which seem to be impaired in schizophrenia and, with a minor extent, in bipolar disorder (BD). Also, some studies highlighted the presence of structural PL abnormalities in these disorders, thus suggesting PL as a region of interest for a better understanding of BD.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess PL volumes in BD and to explore volumes change over time, by means of structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging (sMRI). Also, our aim was to investigate the relationships between PL anatomy and socio-demographic and clinical variables, in order to clarify the role of PL as part of a more extended brain network possibly sustaining BD symptomathology. This research was part of the FIRST study (Following Imaging Resilience features in Schizophrenia and affecTive disorder).
Methods: A sample of patients with a DSM-IV diagnosis of BD was selected through the South Verona Psychiatric Case Register. A group of healthy volunteers was also recruited. All subjects who met criteria for the study underwent sMRI, along with a clinical assessment composed by rating scales measuring global functioning and psychopathological dimensions. Socio-demographic and clinical variables (i.e. age of onset, number of hospitalization, psychopharmacological treatment) were also collected from patients’ interview and medical records.
Results: Forty-six BD patients and 47 healthy controls (HC) (comparable for gender and age) underwent sMRI. Twenty-two BD patients and 16 HC repeated MRI at 1-year follow up. PL was manually traced bilaterally in the sagittal plane (Brains2 software), and grey (GM) and white matter (WM) volumes were calculated. Cross sectional comparison of BD patients and controls showed a statistically significant reduction on bilateral PL GM and WM (left GM p=0.019; right GM p=0.034; left WM p=0.000, right WM p=0.001) in BD patients, compared to healthy subjects. In the longitudinal analysis, a significant group effect on bilateral WM PL (left WM p=0.007, right WM P=0.026) was observed, along with a time effect on bilateral PL GM (left GM p=0.023; right GM p=0.017. No significant interaction effect of time x group was observed (p>0.05). Correlation analyses showed an inverse and significant correlation between bilateral PL WM and GM and length of illness (left PL WM p= 0.001, right PL WM p= 0.002, left PL GM p= 0.001, right PL GM p= 0.001) and between left and right PL WM and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) scores (left PL WM p= 0.002, right PL WM p=0.004) in patients’ group. Moreover, left PL WM positively correlated with Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) score (p=0.004).
Conclusion: Results showed a significant reduction in PL volumes (GM, WM) in patients with BD, compared to HC. No group x time interaction was observed in the longitudinal analysis. Furthermore, PL volumes reduction appears to be associated with severity of depression (HDRS) but also with chronicity and global functioning
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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