112,632 research outputs found
Higher-order QCD corrections to associated VH production with H → bb ̄ decay at the LHC
No full textWe consider QCD radiative corrections to the production of a Standard Model Higgs boson H in association with a vector boson V (V = W/Z) at hadron colliders. We present a fully exclusive perturbative QCD calculation at next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) for the production of the VH pair, including the Higgs boson decay into a bottom-antibottom quark (bb ̄) pair up to nextto-leading order in QCD. We consider the selection cuts that are typically applied in the LHC experimental analysis, and we compare perturbative fixed-order results with NLO parton shower predictions
From a guaranteed Labour Makret to the « Flexible Worker » Model? The Transformation of Italian Unemployment Policy in the ‘90s
No full textThe Italian welfare state has often been described as a clear example of the Continentalwelfare state regime (Esping-Andersen, 1990 and 1999 and Pierson, 2001) and also, adoptingother conceptual lenses, an important member of the Southern European welfare state family(Ferrera, 1996). From the end of World War II, the institutions and policies adopted in Italyhave been clearly marked on the one hand by the predominance of a male bread-winnerlabour market model and on the other by the strong protection of workers (insiders) and weak(if existent) protection of the so called ‘outsiders’. The article is particularly focused on labour market regulation in Italy, trying to emphasise some key quantitative elements regarding the employment and unemployment dataover the years (§ 1), then the basic traits of the evolution of Italian labour market will bepresented (§ 2), the endogenous and exogenous pressures for change and the dynamics ofinstitutional change (§ 3) will be explored, whereas a discussion on the possible newinstitutional configuration with particular reference to a new Law (the so called Biagi2 Law,that might introduce further elements of change) will follow (§ 4). Some final remarks (§ 5)regarding the current debates in Italy will conclude the presentation of the Italian case.Italy; Europeanization; unemployment; employment policy; social policy
Alle radici del welfare all'italiana : origini e futuro di un modello sociale squilibrato
No full textLa spesa pensionistica più elevata d’Europa, limitate risorse destinate alla tutela delle famiglie, dei bambini e dei disoccupati, pochissime misure di contrasto alla povertà. Dopo due decenni di riforme lo sbilanciamento “funzionale” – verso il settore previdenziale – e la distorsione “distributiva” – a favore degli occupati/insider rappresentano ancora temi sensibili nell’attuale dibattito sulla riforma dello stato sociale in Italia. Ma quando è emerso l’assetto di welfare che è oggi sotto la lente dei policy-makers? Quali sono state le tappe fondamentali che hanno portato al consolidarsi del “welfare all’italiana”, e quali dinamiche e fattori ne hanno rappresentato la spinta propulsiva? A partire dagli anni Ottanta, un’articolata letteratura politologica e sociologica ha messo in luce le anomalie comparative del welfare “all’italiana”: manca però una sistematica ed analitica ricostruzione storica che chiarisca sia il timing preciso sia le ragioni genetiche di quella doppia distorsione che caratterizza il nucleo centrale del welfare all’italiana. In questa direzione, il volume mira a indagare, e successivamente interpretare, le radici del welfare state italiano tramite un’analisi storico-evolutiva dalla fine del XIX secolo agli anni Settanta del XX. Più in dettaglio, il presente lavoro si propone tre obiettivi: i) caratterizzare sulla base di dati quantitativi e qualitativi sia la natura che l’entità degli squilibri funzionali e distributivi; ii) tracciare la loro genesi nel tempo individuandone i fattori che ne sono stati responsabili; iii) formulare, sulla scorta di una discussione critica della letteratura comparata sullo sviluppo del welfare state, ipotesi esplicative, proponendo infine un’interpretazione in chiave storico-istituzionalista capace di rendere conto delle scelte effettuate dagli attori politici italiani negli snodi evolutivi in cui la doppia distorsione si è formata e consolidata. Il volume si articola su tre parti ed è composto da sette capitoli. Nella prima parte vengono poste le basi per l’analisi empirica sia mettendo a fuoco la peculiarità del welfare italiano in prospettiva comparata e tratteggiando il framework analitico (capitolo 1) sia illustrando le tappe di sviluppo della protezione sociale in Italia dalle origini alla II Guerra Mondiale (capitolo 2). La seconda e la terza parte sono invece dedicate allo studio del periodo che è considerato lo “snodo critico” per l’emersione del welfare all’italiana: gli anni Cinquanta (parte Due) e gli anni Sessanta (parte Tre). Entrambe le sezioni si aprono con l’analisi e l’interpretazione della traiettoria evolutiva del settore pensionistico e del Tfr (capitoli 3 e 5), per poi concentrarsi (cap. 4 e 6) sulla tutela della disoccupazione e i carichi famigliari, settori rimasti relativamente “atrofici”. Il capitolo 7 conclude. L’argomento centrale del volume è che, sullo sfondo di una policy legacy già favorevole all’emergere di squilibri funzionali e distributivi, fattori cognitivi e soprattutto le peculiari caratteristiche della competizione politica – nel contesto di “pluralismo polarizzato” e “democrazia bloccata” degli anni Cinquanta-Sessanta – abbiamo giocato un ruolo decisivo nell’orientare verso lo squilibrio il welfare state italiano
100 Gbps PON L-band downstream transmission using IQ-MZM CD digital pre-compensation and DD ONU receiver
No full textWe propose a downstream direct-detection 100G-PON solution aided by chromatic dispersion digital pre-compensation using an IQ-MZM, allowing L-band operation and 29 dB power budget with low ONU complexity and without requiring single-sideband modulation
Opioid plasma concentrations during a switch from transdermal fentanyl to methadone.
No full textOpioid switching is often used to improve the opioid response in patients with cancer experiencing poor analgesia or adverse effects. When switching between drugs with delayed effect because of pharmacokinetics or type of delivery, concerns exist about the correct timing of introducing the second drug after stopping the previous one. The aim of this study was to assess plasmatic changes of fentanyl and methadone underlying the clinical events occurring during opioid switching. Eighteen patients with cancer receiving transdermal fentanyl with uncontrolled pain and/or moderate to severe opioid adverse effects, were switched to oral methadone using an initial fixed ratio of 1:20. Fentanyl patches were removed and the first of three daily doses of methadone was started concurrently. Blood samples were obtained at intervals after removing the fentanyl patch, and at 5-hour intervals for the first 25 hours. The intensity of pain and the adverse effects were assessed before switching, the day after, and then daily up to dose stabilization. A successful switch was considered when the intensity of pain and distress score decreased at least of 33% of the basal value recorded before the switch, within a reasonable period of time. Complete blood samples were obtained in 16 patients. Methadone plasma concentration increased from 2 to 245 ng/mL, and fentanyl plasma concentration decreased from 15 to 8 ng/mL, 25 hours after. A successful switch was determined the day after in 7 patients, while 4 patients did not respond favorably (effective switching, 63%). Five patients were considered too terminal for an appropriate evaluation. No differences in plasma concentration pattern of the two opioids were found between patients considered responders and nonresponders. Conversion ratios between opioids at time of stabilization did not significantly change in comparison with the initial conversion ratio chosen. Starting methadone soon after removing fentanyl patches results in a rapid increase of methadone concentration, while the half-life of transdermal fentanyl is reached after 25 hours. As a result, the rapid achievement of a clinical effect is obtained avoiding distressing therapeutic holes in patients with a clinical condition, mainly characterized by poor pain control and severe adverse effects, requiring an immediate intervention
author-bios-SRD-19-0063.R1 – Supplemental material for The Network Structure of Police Misconduct
No full textSupplemental material, author-bios-SRD-19-0063.R1 for The Network Structure of Police Misconduct by George Wood, Daria Roithmayr and Andrew V. Papachristos in Socius</p
Experimental Demonstration of DSP-Assisted Electrical Duobinary Optimization for High Speed PON 25+ Gbps Using 10 Gbps APD Receiver
No full textWe compare experimentally two variants of electrical duobinary using adaptive equalization for 25-40Gbps high-speed PON, showing the advantageous of designing an automatic digital signal processing receiver selecting the more appropriate adaptive equalization depending on available bandwidth and link dispersio
The anoctamin family: TMEM16A and TMEM16B as calcium-activated chloride channels
No full textThe Ca(2+)-activated Cl(-) channels (CaCCs) are involved in a variety of physiological functions, such as transepithelial anion transport, smooth muscle contraction and olfaction. Recently, the question of the molecular identity of CaCCs has apparently been resolved with the identification of TMEM16A protein (also known as anoctamin-1). Expression of TMEM16A is associated with the appearance of Ca(2+)- and voltage-dependent Cl(-) currents with properties similar to those of native CaCCs. The putative structure of TMEM16A consists of eight transmembrane domains, with both the amino- and the carboxy-terminus protruding in the cytosol. TMEM16A is also characterized by the existence of different protein variants generated by alternative splicing. A close paralogue of TMEM16A, TMEM16B (anoctamin-2), is also associated with CaCC activity, although with different properties. The TMEM16B-dependent channels require higher intracellular Ca(2+) concentrations and have faster activation and deactivation kinetics. Expression of other anoctamins is devoid of detectable channel activity. These proteins, such as TMEM16F (anoctamin-6), may have different function
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Experimental study on 25 Gbps C-band PON over up to 25 km SMF using a 10G-class DML + APD IM-DD system
No full textIn this paper we present an experimental analysis of several modulation formats (pulse amplitude modulation (PAM-2), quaternary pulse amplitude modulation (PAM-4) and electrical duobinary (EDB)) for passive optical network (PON) applications at 25 Gbps bit rate in a C-band 10G-class directly modulated lasers (DML) and avalanche photodiode (APD) intensity modulation and direct detection (IM-DD) system over a single mode fiber (SMF) of up to 25 km, optimizing DML operations and demonstrating that PAM-2 is a promising choice. We also theoretically and experimentally analyzed the channel frequency response of DML and SMF affected by DML chirp and SMF chromatic dispersion
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