1,720,969 research outputs found
Data for: A Scan of Environmental Monitoring in Top Ports Around the Globe
No full textThis dataset contains the data and the R script of the analyses supporting the report "A Scan of Environmental Monitoring in Top Ports Around the Globe" published as a Technical Report of the Department of Fisheries and Oceans Canada.
The report provides an annotated scan of existing environmental monitoring activities occurring in selected Canadian and international ports
Replication Data for: A seascape approach for guiding effective habitat enhancement: Spatially explicit modeling of kelp-grazer interactions
No full textThe study investigated if seascape heterogeneity creates areas of lower grazing risk (i.e. refugia from green sea urchin Strognylochentrotus droebachiensis) for kelp transplanted onto artificial reef modules and characterized the properties that define them.
An area of heterogeneous bottom (mix of hard and soft substrate) of 256 meter square at a depth of 10 meter was identified and delimited using 4 permanent reference transects defining a grid of 64 2x2 meters cells. Each cell was divided in 4 equal parcels (i.e. total of 256 parcels). One individual plant of kelp Alaria esculenta was transplanted on each of 18 cement blocks randomly deployed in the grid.
The survival of kelp was followed at different times between August and October 2015.
The study area was mapped to describe the bottom composition of eac parcel at the beginning of the study, while biological variable were mapped at each kelp survival follow-up time.
A kelp frame was deployed nearby the studi site to control for kelp mortality related to transplantation techniques.
The study was conducted in the late summer 2015 at Baie-du-petit-Métis (48°40'37.30" N, 68° 0'41.24" W; Québec, Canada).
Please refer to the paper for further information on methods
Data for: Ecosystem-Based Quality Index at the bay scale: assessing the status of a heterogeneous system in a functional framework.
No full textThis dataset provides scripts and data used to produce the study "Ecosystem-Based Quality Index at the bay scale: assessing the status of a heterogeneous system in a functional framework." https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.108260 .
The Ecosystem-Based Quality Index (EBQI), developed for the Mediterranean Sea, may be adaptable to other ecosystems due to its functional approach being closer to a methodological framework than a specialized index.
This work implement the shGSL-EBQI (shallow heterogeneous Gulf of St. Lawrence-EBQI)
Data provided here include:
- field data on macro-epibenthic invertebrates, algal community, infauna, bioturbation, Organic matter and photosynthetic pigments content in sediment in the Baie des Sept Îles (Québec, Canada).
- potential environmental and anthropogenic drivers in the area
- Scoring criteria, box scores, weighting schemes and model description datasets used to caculate the shGSL-EBQI.
Methodological Information:
- Macro epibentic Invertebrates, Macroalgal and Bioturbation data have been ectracted from georeferenced photomosaics realized using underwater imagery acquired by Filippo Ferrario using SCUBA (see paper for details). Data have been gathered in 2018 in the Bay of Sept-Îles (Québec, Canada)
- Organic matter and Photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll-a and pheopigments) were quantified from sediment collected in SCUBA (see paper for details). Data have been gathered in 2018 in the Bay of Sept-Îles (Québec, Canada)
- Fishery data have been provided by David Beauchesne (CHONe). More information on data can be found in: Beauchesne et al 2020 (https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.00383)
- Infauna data have been provided by Elliot Dreujou (CHONe). More information on data can be found in: Dreujou et al 2020 (https://doi.org/10.3390/w12092424)
Chasing genetic structure in coralligenous reef invertebrates: patterns, criticalities and conservation issues
Get PDFConservation of coastal habitats is a global issue, yet biogenic reefs in temperate regions have received very little attention. They have a broad geographic distribution and are a key habitat in marine ecosystems impacted by human activities. In the Mediterranean Sea coralligenous reefs are biodiversity hot spots and are classified as sensitive habitats deserving conservation. Genetic diversity and structure influence demographic, ecological and evolutionary processes in populations and play a crucial role in conservation strategies. Nevertheless, a comprehensive view of population genetic structure of coralligenous species is lacking. Here, we reviewed the literature on the genetic structure of sessile and sedentary invertebrates of the Mediterranean coralligenous reefs. Linear regression models and meta-analytic approaches are used to assess the contributions of genetic markers, phylum, pelagic larval duration (PLD) and geographical distance to the population genetic structure. Our quantitative approach highlight that 1) most species show a significant genetic structure, 2) structuring differs between phyla, and 3) PLD does not appear to be a major driver of the structuring. We discuss the implication of these finding for the management and conservation, suggesting research areas that deserve attention, and providing recommendations for broad assessment and monitoring of genetic diversity in biogenic reefs specie
The overlooked role of biotic factors in controlling the ecological performance of artificial marine habitats
No full textArtificial structures are sprawling in marine seascapes as a result of burgeoning coastal populations, increasing development and energy demand, and greater risks from climate change, storm surges and sea level rise. Interest in designing marine developments that maintain vital ecosystems and critical services is growing, but progress requires understanding the factors that influence the ecological performance of these novel artificial habitats.
We combined field observations and experiments along 500 km of the North Adriatic coastline to analyse the performance of artificial substrata as habitats to support canopy-forming algae belonging to the genus Cystoseira, among the most ecologically relevant foundation species along rocky Mediterranean coastlines. We aimed to: clarify the underlying factors controlling the growth of Cystoseira in the artificial habitat; contrast the relative importance of these factors between artificial and natural habitats; and test the generality of the results across different sites and species of Cystoseira.
We found that: (i) the growth of canopy algae was significantly lower on artificial structures compared to rocky reefs; (ii) such lower growth of canopy algae was not related to less favourable abiotic conditions but to higher biotic disturbance from both consumptive and nonconsumptive interactions on the artificial structures compared to the natural reef; and iii) this was consistent across different study sites and canopy-forming species.
We conclude that biological factors influencing the growth of canopy algae, such as herbivory or other nonconsumptive disturbances, can differ substantially between artificial and natural habitats. The unusually large and previously unreported biotic pressure characterizing many artificial structures can negatively affect their performance as habitats to support ecologically relevant, foundation species.
Synthesis and applications. While nearly all considerations to improve the ecological performance of hard marine infrastructures focus on abiotic factors (e.g. construction materials, surface texture, habitat complexity or water quality), careful consideration of critical biotic factors is also needed to further progress the green engineering of sprawling marine infrastructures
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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