1,720,991 research outputs found
Myocardial contractility and heart pharmacokinetics of adriamycin following a single administration in rat.
No full textA single administration of adriamycin (DXR) 6.0 mg/kg i.v. to rats brings about a biphasic impairment of the maximal myocardial contractile performance, measured as dF/dt of ex vivo isolated atria incubated in the presence of calcium concentrations varying up to 12 mM. The initial impairment of the contractile performance peaks 1 week after DXR administration and recovers within 3 weeks (acute phase of cardiotoxicity). After this time and up to the end of the observation period (8 weeks after treatment), delayed cardiotoxicity occurs, showing a progressive and irreversible impairment of the contractile performance of the atria. This behaviour parallels the previously shown ECG and morphological abnormalities. Tissue determinations of DXR showed that the drug is present in myocardium during the acute phase of cardiotoxicity, while the metabolite adriamycinol is not detectable 1 week after DXR administration. These data show that the presence of DXR and/or metabolites in heart muscle is not necessary for the delayed form of cardiotoxicity to become apparent and suggest that this form of cardiotoxicity is related to a mechanism different from that involved in acute cardiotoxicity
Role of the fast-exchanging calcium compartment in the early cardiotoxicity of anthracycline analogs.
No full textTwo new anthracycline analogs, 4'-epi-doxorubicin and 4'-deoxydoxorubicin, were tested for their cardiotoxicity and their activity on calcium turnover in guinea pig heart. The df/dt was used as an index of contractile force; calcium turnover was studied by means of a radioisotopic technique. 4'-Epi-doxorubicin was found less cardiotoxic than doxorubicin, whereas 4'-deoxydoxorubicin was found almost completely devoid of cardiotoxicity. The different cardiotoxic activity was found to be linearly correlated with the relative capacity to inhibit the fast-exchanging calcium compartment in cardiac muscle: doxorubicin greater than 4'-epi-doxorubicin greater than 4'-deoxydoxorubicin. This result supports that the inhibition of calcium exchange is involved in development of the early cardiotoxicity of anthracyclines
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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