1,720,958 research outputs found
Investigating the acoustics of ancient theatres by means of a modular scale model
No full textThe study of the sound field inside ancient theatres is one of the targets of the EU project ERATO. Within this project several campaigns of acoustical measurements were done both inside existing ancient theatres and on a scale model of an ancient theatre expressly build for the scope. The scale model was conceived to trace the evolution of theatre acoustics throughout the centuries. The theatre of Siracusa in Italy was selected to build a wooden 1:20 scale model. In fact substantial architectural changes were implemented in this theatre in its passage from Greek to Hellenistic and finally to Roman style. The cavea was enlarged and an ambulacre with columns was added in its upper part. The orchestra was also enlarged and a big stage building was built. The model has a modular structure that can be adjusted to the different periods so that the evolution of acoustics can be investigated. For the acoustical measurements two types of sources were used: a miniaturised dodecahedron made of p..
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Investigating classroom acoustics by means of advanced reproduction techniques
No full textA research was undertaken to investigate the loss of Italian language word intelligibility in classrooms caused by low signal to noise ratio and too high reverberation. In the first part of the work, impulse responses and background noises were measured in two primary schools using different mono, binaural and B-format probes. A dummy head with child morphology was also used for the first time in this context. It was thus possible to compare the performance of a child head to the conventional adult one. Then the restitution of the recorded sound fields in a dedicated listening room was accomplished, using stereo dipole and ambisonics technologies.A research was undertaken to investigate the loss of Italian language word intelligibility in classrooms caused by low signal to noise ratio and too high reverberation. In the first part of the work, impulse responses and background noises were measured in two primary schools using different mono, binaural and B-format probes. A dummy head with child morphology was also used for the first time in this context. It was thus possible to compare the performance of a child head to the conventional adult one. Then the restitution of the recorded sound fields in a dedicated listening room was accomplished, using stereo dipole and ambisonics technologies
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
On the acoustics of ancient Greek and Roman theaters
No full textThe interplay of architecture and acoustics is remarkable in ancient Greek and Roman theatres. These spaces of performance are the ancestors of modern theatres both for their architectural design and for their acoustics. Despite their antiquity, in many cases they are nowadays lively performance spaces and the knowledge of the sound field inside them is in many respects still an issue of relevant importance. Even if the transition from Greek to Roman theatres can be described with a great architectural detail, a comprehensive and objective approach to the two types of spaces from the acoustical point of view is unfortunately not available yet. The present work addresses this point and has the aim of providing experimental basis to the acoustical evolution from Greek to Roman theatre design. Firstly, by means of in situ and scale model measurements, the most important features of the sound field in ancient theatres are clarified and discussed. Then it has been possible to match quantitatively the role of some remarkable architectural design variables with acoustics, and it is seen how this criteria can be used effectively to define different groups of ancient theatres. Finally some more specific wave phenomena are addressed and discussed
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