745 research outputs found
What Do Quarterly Workforce Dynamics Tell Us About Wal-Mart? Evidence from New Stores in Pennsylvania
No full textIn this paper I seek to better inform debate regarding Wal-Mart’s local impact on wages, and employment dynamics by combining data on Wal-Mart stores with the recently release Quarterly Workforce Indicators provided by the US Census. Use a panel of Pennsylvania counties, who saw entrance of a Wal-Mart in 2002, I find a new store has no effect on existing employee wages in the retail sector. However, new retail sector hires experience a roughly 1,500 purchases of diapers annual since 1999 I have no financial relationship with Wal-Mart or any affiliate that I am aware of.Wal-Mart, Pennsylvania, Quarterly Workforce Indicators
Transportation and Infrastructure, Retail Clustering, and Local Public Finance: Evidence from Wal-Mart's Expansion
No full textThe author examines the role highway infrastructure and local property tax rate variability play in retail agglomeration in Indiana from 1988 through 2003. To account for data errors and the potential endogeneity of taxes and infrastructure on retail agglomeration, he introduces a unique identification strategy that exploits the entrance timing and location of Wal-Mart stores in Indiana. Using a time-series cross-sectional model of Indiana’s 92 counties from 1988 through 2003, he estimates the impact highway infrastructure, property taxes, and big-box competition have in creating regional agglomerations. Among two separate specifications and a full and rural-only set of the data, the author finds considerable agreement in the results. In the full sample, he finds no relationship between property tax rates or highway infrastructure and retail agglomeration. Within the non-metropolitan statistical area (MSA) counties, this relationship is very modest, though it possesses considerable statistical certainty. Highway impacts within the non-MSA counties are significant and positively related to retail agglomeration, with the presence of highways explaining about 10 percent of total agglomeration variability. (JEL R11, R53)Infrastructure; endogeneity; taxation; Wal-Mart
An ecophysiological approach to crop losses exemplified in the system wheat, leaf rust, and glume blotch
No full textThe motive of the author to embark upon the research reported here was the need to develop new concepts to approach the problem of crop losses, and eventually the problem of their prevention by means of disease control and plant breeding. The introduction of ecophysiology as an approach, explained above, was the first result. An ecophysiological treatment of processes like growth and development of plants in health and disease necessitates adjustments of current thoughts on experimental techniques and on organization in research (Van der Wal and Cowan, 1974).In order to measure plant or aegricorpus responses concurrently with environmental factors in climate chamber and field experiments during periods Of months, a great variety of instruments had to be bought, modified, or devised. The climate chamber had to be adjusted to allow for high light intensities with a view to growing wheat under conditions approximating those of early summer in the Netherlands; the yield of the spring wheat 'Kolibri' was c. 0.5 kg.m -2, which is nearly equivalent to the average field production of the country. Regulations for the prevention and control of contamination by aphids and mildew without any use of chemicals were issued after detailed experimentation (Van der Wal, unpubl.). Several instruments have been developed, usually with the help of others; this has led to two publications (Schurer and Van der Wal, 1972; Tegelaar and Van der Wal, 1974). These efforts resulted in the experimental designs described in the appendix. Field experiments, conducted in the same period as the climate chamber experiments reported here, will be published later. It is felt that the techniques to record growth of pathogens are still inadequate.The results reported in the appendix show that the 'state' of the plant at the time of infection is a major determinant of the plant's future behaviour, which plant breeders and pathologists can express in terms of resistance and tolerance. The conceptual framework presented above may contribute to a future revision of crop husbandry and crop protection practices
Język w sprzedaży transakcyjnej i relacyjnej (na podstawie modelu SPIN)
No full textThis text focuses on language comparation between transactional selling and relationship selling, including the SPIN model. Author gathers the real-life examples and analyzes the structure of the whole communication process in both selling strategies. Wal claims that SPIN model puts emphasis on the specific use of language: asking questions, uncovering needs and coaxing the wary customer, what is significant for building customer satisfaction and loyalty
The Biggest “Have” of Them All: Wal-Mart and Its Litigation Outcomes in Slip-and-Fall Cases
No full textScholars have theorized that resource-rich litigants known as the “haves” tend to succeed disproportionately in litigation when the adverse party is a “have-not.” The traditional theory suggests that haves are able to use their wealth to secure better attorney representation and can use their frequent experience in litigation to tip the scales of justice in their favor, particularly when faced with “one-shotters” whose involvement in litigation is infrequent. A remaining question, however, is whether some haves fare better than other similarly situated haves. Specifically, this article posits that the litigation strategy used by the defendant may also play a role in litigation outcomes. Companies that tenaciously fight claims that, in the short term, would be cheaper to settle might discourage otherwise valid claims in the future from being filed out of fear that the litigation will be a protracted battle. This article examines Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. (Wal-Mart)—the largest revenue-generating company in the United States—to explore whether it fares better than other resource-rich defendants. Wal-Mart in particular has a reputation against settling cases and thus is an excellent vehicle to investigate this hypothesis. Appellate cases in an eleven-year period involving slip-and-fall litigation were compiled, and the results show that Wal-Mart did win at a higher rate than other defendants. Although more research is needed to explore fully the effect of litigation strategy on win–loss rates, this sample of cases demonstrates that Wal-Mart is a more effective and victorious litigant.Journal ArticlePublishe
Wzmacnianie efektywnej konwersacji na linii uczeń – uczeń. Problemy – rozwiązania – modele
No full textThe overall purpose of this article is help teachers prepare students to have in-depth conversations about content area concepts and topics. Alina Cybulska-Wal claims that interaction is fundamental to learning and identity. In authentic interaction work, students use the facts, grammar, and vocabulary in connected sentences to clarify, fortify, and negotiate complex ideas. In this article author shares ways to model and scaffold classroom conversations. Furthermore, she shows how to manage the most frequent issues
Nauka argumentacji – kształcenie krytycznego myślenia
No full textIn this article, Alina Cybulska-Wal addresses the role of argumentation and language in learning.
She examine how generate insights about students’ abilities and needs related to argumentation.
Author claims that teaching argumentation is teaching critical thinking. She also provides key ingredients necessary to strenghten argumentation in classroom, the features of argumentation (claims,
evidence/grounds, reasoning/justification) and criteria helpful to assess a certian argument
Learning argumentation – teaching critical thinking
No full textIn this article, Alina Cybulska-Wal addresses the role of argumentation and language in learning. She examine how generate insights about students’ abilities and needs related to argumentation. Author claims that teaching argumentation is teaching critical thinking. She also provides key ingredients necessary to strenghten argumentation in classroom, the features of argumentation (claims, evidence/grounds, reasoning/justification) and criteria helpful to assess a certian argument
Tussen wal en schip: Stedenbouwkundige en architectonische karakteristieken van de Heesterbuurt in Den Haag
No full textIn publicaties over de architectuur van Den Haag wordt de tussen 1915 en 1927gebouwde Heesterbuurt nauwelijks besproken. Als gevolg van de hoorn desovervloeds in andere Haagse gebieden kwam ze vooralsnog tussen de wal enhet schip terecht kwam en is ze daarmee volledig onderbelicht gebleven. Doorvoortschrijdende inzichten en nieuw onderzoek naar de stedenbouwkundige enarchitectonische kenmerken beoogt dit artikel een lans te breken voor waarderingvoor deze ten oosten van de Laan van Meerdervoort gesitueerde buurt.Teachers of Practice /
Data warehousing using the Wal-Mart model
No full textAt 70 terabytes and growing, Wal-Mart's data warehouse is still the world's largest, most ambitious, and arguably most successful commercial database. Written by one of the key figures in its design and construction, Data Warehousing: Using the Wal-Mart Model gives you an insider's view of this enormous project. Continuously drawing from this example, the author teaches you the general principles and specific techniques you need to understand to be a valuable part of your organization's own data warehouse project, however large or small. You'll emerge with a practical understanding of both the business and technical aspects of building a data warehouse for storing and accessing data in a strategically useful way. What further sets this book apart is its focus on the informational needs of retail companies-including both market and organizational issues that affect the data's collection and use. If retail is your field, this book will prove especially valuable as you develop and implement your company's ideal data warehouse solution. * Written by a member of the team of four engineers who designed and built the Wal-Mart Data Warehouse database, a team whose database design was recognized internally in 1991 by Wal-Mart with the company's Team Innovational Technical award. * Provides essential information for project managers, consultants, data warehouse managers, and data architects. * Takes an in-depth look at a wide range of technical issues, including architecture, construction approaches, tool selection, database system selection, and maintenance. * Addresses issues specific to retail business: vendors, inventory, sales analysis, geography, article categories, and more. * Explains how to determine business requirements at the outset of the project-and how to develop return on investment analyses after the warehouse has been brought onlin
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