889 research outputs found
Self-reported ill health in male UK Gulf War veterans: a retrospective cohort study.
No full textBACKGROUND: Forces deployed to the first Gulf War report more ill health than veterans who did not serve there. Many studies of post-Gulf morbidity are based on relatively small sample sizes and selection bias is often a concern. In a setting where selection bias relating to the ill health of veterans may be reduced, we: i) examined self-reported adult ill health in a large sample of male UK Gulf War veterans and a demographically similar non-deployed comparison group; and ii) explored self-reported ill health among veterans who believed that they had Gulf War syndrome. METHODS: This study uses data from a retrospective cohort study of reproduction and child health in which a validated postal questionnaire was sent to all UK Gulf War veterans (GWV) and a comparison cohort of Armed Service personnel who were not deployed to the Gulf (NGWV). The cohort for analysis comprises 42,818 males who responded to the questionnaire. RESULTS: We confirmed that GWV report higher rates of general ill health. GWV were significantly more likely to have reported at least one new medical symptom or disease since 1990 than NGWV (61% versus 37%, OR 2.7, 95% CI 2.5-2.8). They were also more likely to report higher numbers of symptoms. The strongest associations were for mood swings (OR 20.9, 95%CI 16.2-27.0), memory loss/lack of concentration (OR 19.6, 95% CI 15.5-24.8), night sweats (OR 9.9, 95% CI 6.5-15.2), general fatigue (OR 9.6, 95% CI 8.3-11.1) and sexual dysfunction (OR 4.6, 95%CI 3.2-6.6). 6% of GWV believed they had Gulf War syndrome (GWS), and this was associated with the highest symptom reporting. CONCLUSIONS: Increased levels of reported ill health among GWV were confirmed. This study was the first to use a questionnaire which did not focus specifically on the veterans' symptoms themselves. Nevertheless, the results are consistent with those of other studies of post-Gulf war illness and thus strengthen overall findings in this area of research. Further examination of the mechanisms underlying the reporting of ill health is required
Dramatic reduction in triplet and higher order births in England and Wales.
No full textThe proportion of multiple births has increased markedly since 1980 in England and Wales. A major contribution to this trend is thought to be the widespread introduction of assisted reproductive technologies. Despite a continuing (but slower) upward trend in twin maternities, analysis of recent data shows that the rate of triplet and higher order births in England and Wales has declined by one-quarter since 1998. This probably reflects both voluntary and statutory regulation of treatment regimes. This downward trend will help alleviate the high burden of perinatal morbidity and mortality associated with multiple births
Experience of miscarriage in the UK: qualitative findings from the National Women's Health Study.
No full textMiscarriage is the most common adverse outcome in pregnancy. For many women it is a traumatic experience. Previous research has identified shortcomings in the emotional and social support provided for miscarriage sufferers but personal accounts of pregnancy loss remain relatively under-explored. The UK National Women's Health Study (NWHS) is a nationally representative survey of women's reproductive histories. It provided an opportunity to study accounts of miscarriage written in response to an invitation for further comments on the survey questionnaire. In conjunction with quantitative findings from the NWHS, we thematically analysed 172 detailed narratives that facilitated qualitative exploration of a characteristically private event. Analysis of the narratives suggested that few women who had planned their pregnancy were satisfied with fatalistic explanations of miscarriage. Those who were not given medical explanations for their loss engaged in complex searches for meaning, often linked to accounts of their moral deservedness as mothers. The narratives highlighted tensions between biomedical and lay understandings of pregnancy loss. There were reports of inappropriate medicalisation and a perceived lack of emotional support, but also a desire for medical validation of the reality of miscarriage and investigations to identify medical causes. Professionals' reported behaviour played a key role in women's accounts. These findings remind providers that: women do not experience miscarriage as a routine complication; medicalisation is both resisted and desired; and, for some women, more support and information is needed to assist their search for meaning
Diurnal patterns of salivary cortisol and cortisone output in chronic fatigue syndrome
No full textBackground
The aim of the present study was to obtain a naturalistic measure of diurnal hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis output in CFS patients unaffected by medication or comorbid psychiatric disorder likely to influence the axis.Method
Cortisol and cortisone levels were measured in saliva samples collected from 0600 h to 2100 h at 3-h intervals in CFS patients and healthy controls.Results
Mean cortisol and cortisone concentrations were significantly lower in patients than controls across the whole day, as were levels at each individual time point except 2100 h. Cosinor analysis showed a significant diurnal rhythm of cortisol and cortisone that was not phase-shifted in CFS compared to controls. However, there was a lower rhythm-adjusted mean and a lower amplitude in CFS patients. The cortisol/cortisone ratio showed no diurnal rhythm and did not differ between CFS subjects and controls.Limitations
The sample size was relatively small, and drawn from specialist referral patients who had been ill for some time; generalisation of these results to other populations is therefore unwarranted.Conclusion
The main findings of this study are to provide further evidence for reduced basal HPA axis function in at least some patients with CFS and to show for the first time that salivary cortisone is also reduced in CFS and has a diurnal rhythm similar to that of cortisol. We have also demonstrated that the cortisol/cortisone ratio remains unchanged in CFS, suggesting that increased conversion of cortisol to cortisone cannot account for the observed lowering of salivary cortisol. <br/
Lieder ohne Worte für die Violine mit Begleitung des Pianoforte von M. Hauser.
No full textscore and part. 30 cm.
Sibley Music Library has nos. 11-14 only
A comparative approach to understanding tissue-specific expression of uncoupling protein 1 expression in adipose tissue
No full textThe thermoregulatory function of brown adipose tissue (BAT) is due to the tissue-specific expression of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) which is thought to have evolved in early mammals. We report that a CpG island close to the UCP1 transcription start site is highly conserved in all 29 vertebrates examined apart from the mouse and xenopus. Using methylation sensitive restriction digest and bisulfite mapping we show that the CpG island in both the bovine and human is largely un-methylated and is not related to differences in UCP1 expression between white and BAT. Tissue-specific expression of UCP1 has been proposed to be regulated by a conserved 5' distal enhancer which has been reported to be absent in marsupials. We demonstrate that the enhancer, is also absent in five eutherians as well as marsupials, monotremes, amphibians, and fish, is present in pigs despite UCP1 having become a pseudogene, and that absence of the enhancer element does not relate to BAT-specific UCP1 expression. We identify an additional putative 5' regulatory unit which is conserved in 14 eutherian species but absent in other eutherians and vertebrates, but again unrelated to UCP1 expression. We conclude that despite clear evidence of conservation of regulatory elements in the UCP1 5' untranslated region, this does not appear to be related to species or tissues-specific expression of UCP
Entweder!-oder! Polka
No full textcomponirt von Louis KatzauPreisangabe: Pr. 50 kr. / 10 Ngr.Vorlageform des Erscheinungsvermerks: Pest, Táborszky & Parsch. Wien, F. Wessely. Leipzig, Fr. Hofmeiste
Bruderherz : Polka-Mazur für Pianoforte; op. 19
No full textcomponirt von Louis KatzauPreisangabe: Pr. 27 kr.Vorlageform des Erscheinungsvermerks: Frankfurt a/M, bei Th. Henkel. Leipzig, B, Hermann. Wien, F. Wessely. Hamburg, E. Beren
The Impact of the Bohemian Spur on the Cooling and Exhumation Pattern of the Eastern Alpine Wedge of the European Alps
No full textAbstract
Fold and thrust belt architecture may be influenced by basement geometry of the downgoing plate. This influence is notoriously difficult to assess due to a common lack of subsurface constraints and low resolution of exhumation estimates in space and time. The Bohemian Spur is a basement high at the transition from the Alps to the Carpathians. It coincides with narrowing of the foreland basin and an orogen‐scale change of strike. Its location in one of the best‐studied orogens in the world makes it an ideal case for understanding how basement topography influences fold and thrust belt tectonics. However, since thermochronological studies were mainly focused on the core of the Alps, timing and amount of exhumation remain poorly constrained in these peripheral parts of the orogen. We present new apatite (U‐Th)/He and fission track data from the wedge above the Bohemian Spur. Thermally reset ages monitor a so far un(der)appreciated phase of prominent Late Oligocene to Miocene cooling, associated with crustal thickening, uplift and erosion during wedge propagation. Pronounced exhumation on the order of 3–4.5 km can be related to basement steps beneath the advancing wedge. The spur acted as a buttress for foreland‐propagating thrusting, pinning deformation and nucleating antiformal stacking and duplexing and thus exhumation above it. We illustrate how along‐ and across‐strike changes of sub‐detachment topography impact wedge propagation and control fold and thrust belt geometries. The buttressing effect accounts for most of the exhumation, while deep‐seated slab dynamics are of subordinate importance for wedge uplift.Key Points
New thermochronology data from the easternmost Eastern Alps capture a Late Oligocene to Miocene cooling and exhumation pulse
The cooling and exhumation pattern is influenced by the downgoing basement buttress of the Bohemian Spur
The buttressing effect more strongly impacts the exhumation pattern of the wedge than the recently proposed Eastern Alpine slab break‐offAbstract
Fold and thrust belt architecture may be influenced by basement geometry of the downgoing plate. This influence is notoriously difficult to assess due to a common lack of subsurface constraints and low resolution of exhumation estimates in space and time. The Bohemian Spur is a basement high at the transition from the Alps to the Carpathians. It coincides with narrowing of the foreland basin and an orogen‐scale change of strike. Its location in one of the best‐studied orogens in the world makes it an ideal case for understanding how basement topography influences fold and thrust belt tectonics. However, since thermochronological studies were mainly focused on the core of the Alps, timing and amount of exhumation remain poorly constrained in these peripheral parts of the orogen. We present new apatite (U‐Th)/He and fission track data from the wedge above the Bohemian Spur. Thermally reset ages monitor a so far un(der)appreciated phase of prominent Late Oligocene to Miocene cooling, associated with crustal thickening, uplift and erosion during wedge propagation. Pronounced exhumation on the order of 3–4.5 km can be related to basement steps beneath the advancing wedge. The spur acted as a buttress for foreland‐propagating thrusting, pinning deformation and nucleating antiformal stacking and duplexing and thus exhumation above it. We illustrate how along‐ and across‐strike changes of sub‐detachment topography impact wedge propagation and control fold and thrust belt geometries. The buttressing effect accounts for most of the exhumation, while deep‐seated slab dynamics are of subordinate importance for wedge uplift.Key Points
New thermochronology data from the easternmost Eastern Alps capture a Late Oligocene to Miocene cooling and exhumation pulse
The cooling and exhumation pattern is influenced by the downgoing basement buttress of the Bohemian Spur
The buttressing effect more strongly impacts the exhumation pattern of the wedge than the recently proposed Eastern Alpine slab break‐offÖsterreichische Forschungsförderungsgesellschaft https://doi.org/10.13039/50110000495
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