1,721,004 research outputs found
From Human-centered to More-than-Human Design. Exploring the transition
Full text linkThe environmental emergency of the last century, highlighted by the pandemic, has led to an urgent need to reformulate the predominant role of human beings on the planet by undertaking a less anthropocentric design approach. This urgency has been especially outlined by a re-evaluation of the concept of the Anthropocene, which can be defined as a geological era characterized by the significant human impact on the geology and ecosystems of the Earth. Within this theoretical framework, the book explores the role of Design as a multifaceted discipline capable of analyzing the complexity of a changing world and reconsiders the human being’s position in a pervasive relationship with the contemporary environments (physical and abstract) through a More-than-Human approach.
This volume illustrates reflections, analyses, and interventions guided by or intersected with the concept of the post-Anthropocene, and traces two different scales of observation. The first, explored in the two starting chapters, highlights how the complexity of the topic requires a large-scale analysis perspective to be fully understood. The concept of the post-Anthropocene does not exclude the human being as a fundamental component. Still, it takes the latter as a departure point to frame broader contemporary needs and issues and support a call for action to envision and shape the future. The second part of the book instead explores the possibility to include, within this broad discussion, the theme of More-than-Human applied to specific disciplines – linked to the culture of Design – analyzing different aspects that move from taxonomy, application, and creativity
The political and social need for a new design culture
No full textThe environmental emergency of the last century has led to an urgent need to reformulate the predominant role of human beings on the planet by undertaking a less anthropocentric design approach. Within this theoretical framework, the book explores the role of Design as a multifaceted discipline capable of exploring the complexity of a changing world, and reconsiders the human being’s position in a pervasive relationship with the contemporary environments through a More-than-Human approach
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Designing proximity with situated stakeholders
No full textNeighborhoods are becoming laboratories to test new ways to design the cities to solve social, environmental and cultural issues affecting global cities. The car-centered urban planning experienced in the 20th century has fostered researchers and practitioners to explore more the theme of livability and proximity. To trigger the blossoming of these models, a participatory process involving proactive networks of situated stakeholders is needed. This paper shows how competences from the academic realm can effectively boost civic awareness on the role that situated stakeholders have in producing solutions for their own wellbeing. It highlights a process enacted by the Polimi DESIS Lab with the community of Nolo (a neighborhood in Milan, Italy) with participatory design methods and tools. The research lab led two different activities to test a 3-phases strategy to explore the context and its feature, co-design new spatial (and social) solutions, and validate the results obtained
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Multiple narratives for multiple visions: engaging citizens in building future scenarios for their city through participatory design and storytelling
No full textThe paper presents a context-based and cross-disciplinary research, reflecting on how a participatory design (PD)-driven approach, embedded with narrative structures, could stimulate citizens’ ability to envision plural understandings of their own city. The project is focused on the city of Ivrea, recently named for its industrial past in the UNESCO World Heritage List as "Ivrea, industrial city of the 20th century", influenced mainly by Olivetti’s transformative action. The applied methodology demonstrates how the hybridization of PD processes with storytelling can trigger civic engagement and resilience within local communities, aimed at overcoming latent conflicts related to their past through PD-led activities. The co-creation of a common narrative dimension, shifting between real and fictional worlds and intended as an exploratory process, could engage citizens in envisioning future scenarios for their city, triggering their capability of analyzing and reframing past(s) and present(s) towards possible futures
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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