1,720,961 research outputs found
[Reappearance of esophageal peristalsis after treatment of achalasia. Reality or artifact?].
No full textThe authors discuss the question of the reappearance of esophageal peristalsis following surgical or dilating treatment in patients with a diagnosis of cardiospasm. On the basis of their experience and an extensive review of the literature, the authors affirm that the reappearance of motor activity should not be attributed to a condition of pure achalasia but rather to an intermediate motor disorder with pseudo-achalasic characteristics which are difficult to discriminate
[Dilatation versus surgery in the treatment of cardial achalasia].
No full textBoth surgery and dilatation are useful for the treatment of cardial achalasia. The authors make a wide review of the literature with particular attention to reports comparing results of these procedures. This review evidences that surgery gives better results than dilatations (84.4% of good results with surgery against 71.4% with repeated dilatations) and is certainly more stable over the years. Mini-invasive surgery points out even more strongly that surgery is nowadays to be preferred. Laparoscopy makes it possible to avoid postoperative pain, to discharge the patient in a couple of days and finally to eliminate surgical scars. Complications, even more frequent after surgery (5.5% against 2.1% of dilatation) are still acceptable in number and not heavy in quality
[Current diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease: learning experience].
No full textThe authors report their study on gastro-esophageal reflux disease, a pathology that has become increasingly common over the past years reflecting both a real increase and the use of new and more sophisticated and reliable diagnostic methods and tests. It can be included in the group of pathologies absorbing the largest proportion of financial resources, even exceeding biliary lithiasic disease according to American studies. The authors start by analysing the symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease, drawing a distinction between typical (heartburn, epigastric pain and postprandial regurgitation) and atypical symptoms (laryngotracheal symptoms, bronchopulmonary symptoms and esophageal motor incoordination). They outline the diagnostic iter and tests most widely used today to achieve a correct diagnosis. Lastly, they report their experience of 160 patients attending their esophageal diagnostic unit since January 1999 who underwent a number of different instrumental tests, the results of which are compared. Three different aspects are compared: the presence of symptoms, 24-hour pH-metry and endoscopic tests. All these are necessary for a correct diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease and to evaluate the possibility and efficacy of surgery. They emphasise the diagnostic importance of 24-hour pH-measurement as the only test that can directly reveal gastroesophageal reflux. Positive pH results represent a discriminating element in deciding whether the patient should undergo surgery
[Prosthetic materials in surgery of esophageal cancer. Personal experience].
No full textEven if the incidence of esophageal carcinoma is low (25% in comparison to rectal cancer) the total mortality of this disease is very high (superior to rectal cancer itself according to Am.Ca.SO. data). That's because of the high number of non resectable patients when they are first seen by the physician for dysphagia. The aim of the treatment in such cases is to permit a sufficiently good intake to the patient avoiding non-acceptable gastrostomy. The authors report their experience using esophageal prosthesis (27 cases). Mortality rate was 3.7% distal migration 7.4%. They report 3 cases of "minor" complication (11.1%). The mean survival was 5.3 months, the quality of life was satisfactory in all treated cases
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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