1,721,022 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Salicylate attenuates gentamicin-induced ototoxicity in the papilla basilaris of the lizard Podarcis sicula
No full textIt’s known that ototoxic side effects of gentamicin are caused by an iron-gentamicin complex that produces free radicals. Antioxidants attenuate gentamicin-induced free radical formation. We have previously demonstrated hair cell regeneration in both the crista ampullaris (organ involved in dynamic balance) and the saccule (organ involved in static balance) of gentamicintreated P. sicula. We now examine the fate of papilla basilaris (organ involved in hearing) hair cells after exposure to three doses of gentamicin. We want to determine whether there is any recovery and whether this is due to repair of damaged hair cells, to regeneration or, most likely, to both. In addition, we investigate whether antioxidants can effectively inhibit gentamicin-induced hair cell loss by SEM analysis using salicylate to protect against gentamicin ototoxic effects. Moreover, using BrdU, we tested whether or not there is hair cell regeneration following somministration of gentamicin. A BrdU immuno-fluorescence protocol was followed to detect BrdU-labelled cells. It was found that Gentamicin induced damage in the hair cells. Three days after the end of gentamicin treatment the hair cells of papilla showed fused or disarrayed stereovilli and there was widespread loss of hair cell bundles from the hair cells. Subsequently, numerous hair cells were lost. Conversely, when salicylate was co-administered with gentamicin the damage was moderated. The results suggest that administration of salicylate facilitates the recovery and reduces damage to hair cells after gentamicin treatment. Finally, we found evidence of bromodeoxyuridine incorporation initially in supporting cell nuclei and then in hair cell nuclei. This indicates that a process of sensory epithelium repair and hair cell regeneration occurred and that the recovery was due to both the proliferation of supporting cells and, as seems likely, selfrepair of hair cell bundles in weakly damaged sensory cells
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