1,720,964 research outputs found
Exploratory data analysis Listeria monocytogenes in dairy production process: an exploration of available data
No full textDue to the insufficient qualitative data of Listeria monocytogenes in production environment, this study
was aimed to evaluate the possibility to extract from a historical database useful information about
the occurrence of Listeria monocytogenes in different production process areas. Estimated probabilities
(p) and confidence limit (CL) were calculated using 3276 environmental samples data analysed
by GLMM model. The attempt to use historical data to estimate the occurrence of Listeria monocytogenes
in processing environment leads for some areas to high p value wide CL. The results suggest
the need for a targeted environmental sampling plan and provides some estimate sampling size
Can sarcocystis SPP. interfere in molecular diagnosis of toxoplasma Gondii in wild ungulates?
No full text
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Consumers' behavior in quantitative microbial risk assessment for pathogens in raw milk: Incorporation of the likelihood of consumption as a function of storage time and temperature
Full text linkFoodborne disease as a result of raw milk consumption is an increasing concern in Western countries. Quantitative microbial risk assessment models have been used to estimate the risk of illness due to different pathogens in raw milk. In these models, the duration and temperature of storage before consumption have a critical influence in the final outcome of the simulations and are usually described and modeled as independent distributions in the consumer phase module. We hypothesize that this assumption can result in the computation, during simulations, of extreme scenarios that ultimately lead to an overestimation of the risk. In this study, a sensorial analysis was conducted to replicate consumers' behavior. The results of the analysis were used to establish, by means of a logistic model, the relationship between time–temperature combinations and the probability that a serving of raw milk is actually consumed. To assess our hypothesis, 2 recently published quantitative microbial risk assessment models quantifying the risks of listeriosis and salmonellosis related to the consumption of raw milk were implemented. First, the default settings described in the publications were kept; second, the likelihood of consumption as a function of the length and temperature of storage was included. When results were compared, the density of computed extreme scenarios decreased significantly in the modified model; consequently, the probability of illness and the expected number of cases per year also decreased. Reductions of 11.6 and 12.7% in the proportion of computed scenarios in which a contaminated milk serving was consumed were observed for the first and the second study, respectively. Our results confirm that overlooking the time–temperature dependency may yield to an important overestimation of the risk. Furthermore, we provide estimates of this dependency that could easily be implemented in future quantitative microbial risk assessment models of raw milk pathogens
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Toxoplasma gondii in wild boar and roe deer in Northern Italy : serosurvey and PCR-RFLP
No full textToxoplasma gondii infects all warm-blooded animals; in Europe several studies carried out in wildlife show seropositivity towards this parasite, in particular in wild ungulates.
In Northern Italy in the last years the culling of wild boar and roe deer is significantly increased and then the game meat consumption. As eating of raw or undercooked meat is a risk factor for Toxoplasmosis transmission to humans, we performed a serosurvey for this protozoan and its research in the muscular tissue.
The samples were collected during the 2008 and2009 hunting seasons; wild boar sera were tested by IFIT (Toxo-spot ®IF, bio-Meriaux) while roe deer by a commercial Elisa kit (ID Screen® Toxoplasmosis Indirect ELISA, IDVET, Montpellier, France); we analysed respectively 281 and 505 sera:. 63 wild boar (22.4%, I.C. 95% 17.77-27.84) and 110 roe deer sera were positive (21.78%, I.C. 95% 18.31-25.69).
We further examined the muscular tissues of the seropositive animals for directly detecting the parasite by a PCR-RFLP assay targeting the 18S small-subunit ribosomal gene of T. gondii. The PCR was carried out on samples of muscular tissue (heart, diaphragm and masseter) of 53 seropositive wild boar and from 49 hearts of seropositive roe deer. All the samples tested negative. By the restriction enzyme analysis of the amplified products we detected positive samples for Sarcocystis spp., that by sequencing analysis has been identified as S. miescheriana in wild boar and as S. cruzi and S. gracilis in roe deer. Although we couldn’t detect the parasite in muscular tissue, the serological results show a remarkable exposure to T. gondii in both host species and recommend a correct information and public health implication, also considering that consumption of undercooked or cured game is a widespread habit
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