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    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed

    Transcranial direct current stimulation as treatment for Parkinson’s disease and other movement disorders

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    Movement disorders have been traditionally regarded as disorders affecting motor control that result from dysfunction in basal ganglia circuitry. Currently, treatment options are symptomatic medications or surgical intervention (i.e., deep brain stimulation). Motor rehabilitation represents another important treatment option for reducing motor dysfunction and improving quality of life. Several studies have highlighted the therapeutic potential of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in patients with neurological diseases, including dementia, epilepsy, post-stroke dysfunctions, movement disorders, and other pathological conditions. This brief review focuses on available data regarding the effects of tDCS on motor ability and cognition in people with movement disorders. Findings indicate that tDCS is a promising therapeutic tool especially for Parkinson's disease. However, its efficacy in treating other movement disorders appears limited given the current data. Future research efforts should be directed at identifying optimal stimulation parameters (e.g., site, electrode montage and size, duration, intensity, number of sessions, on-line vs. off-line, duration of treatment) for specific types of movement disorders and even for customization for individual patients
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